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Date: Thu, 23 Aug 2018 14:29:56 +0900
From: Minchan Kim <minchan@...nel.org>
To: "Dae R. Jeong" <threeearcat@...il.com>
Cc: gregkh@...uxfoundation.org, arve@...roid.com, tkjos@...roid.com,
maco@...roid.com, devel@...verdev.osuosl.org,
linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org
Subject: Re: KASAN: null-ptr-deref Write in binder_update_page_range
Hi,
On Wed, Aug 22, 2018 at 03:07:04PM +0900, Dae R. Jeong wrote:
> Reporting the crash: KASAN: null-ptr-deref Write in binder_update_page_range
>
> This crash has been found in v4.18-rc3 using RaceFuzzer (a modified
> version of Syzkaller), which we describe more at the end of this
> report.
>
> Our analysis shows that the race occurs when invoking two syscalls
> concurrently, mmap$binder() and ioctl$BINDER_WRITE_READ. More
> specifically, since two code lines `alloc->vma = vma;` and
> `alloc->vma_vm_mm = vma->vm_mm;` in binder_alloc_mmap_handler() is not
> an atomic operation during mmap$binder() syscall, there is a time
> window that `alloc->vma` is assigned but `alloc->vma_vm_mm` isn't
> assigned. It causes the null pointer dereference in
> binder_alloc_new_buf_locked() since it checks whether `alloc->vma` is
> NULL, but it doesn't check that `alloc->vma_vm_mm` is NULL. More
> details on the thread interleaving and the crash log are follows.
>
>
> Thread interleaving:
> CPU0 (binder_alloc_mmap_handler) CPU1 (binder_alloc_new_buf_locked)
> ===== =====
> // drivers/android/binder_alloc.c
> // #L718 (v4.18-rc3)
> alloc->vma = vma;
> // drivers/android/binder_alloc.c
> // #L346 (v4.18-rc3)
> if (alloc->vma == NULL) {
> ...
> // alloc->vma is not NULL at this point
> return ERR_PTR(-ESRCH);
> }
> ...
> // #L438
> binder_update_page_range(alloc, 0,
> (void *)PAGE_ALIGN((uintptr_t)buffer->data),
> end_page_addr);
>
> // In binder_update_page_range() #L218
> // But still alloc->vma_vm_mm is NULL here
> if (need_mm && mmget_not_zero(alloc->vma_vm_mm))
> alloc->vma_vm_mm = vma->vm_mm;
>
>
> Crash Log:
> ==================================================================
> BUG: KASAN: null-ptr-deref in __atomic_add_unless include/asm-generic/atomic-instrumented.h:89 [inline]
> BUG: KASAN: null-ptr-deref in atomic_add_unless include/linux/atomic.h:533 [inline]
> BUG: KASAN: null-ptr-deref in mmget_not_zero include/linux/sched/mm.h:75 [inline]
> BUG: KASAN: null-ptr-deref in binder_update_page_range+0xece/0x18e0 drivers/android/binder_alloc.c:218
> Write of size 4 at addr 0000000000000058 by task syz-executor0/11184
>
> CPU: 1 PID: 11184 Comm: syz-executor0 Not tainted 4.18.0-rc3 #1
> Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS rel-1.8.2-0-g33fbe13 by qemu-project.org 04/01/2014
> Call Trace:
> __dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:77 [inline]
> dump_stack+0x16e/0x22c lib/dump_stack.c:113
> kasan_report_error mm/kasan/report.c:352 [inline]
> kasan_report+0x163/0x380 mm/kasan/report.c:412
> check_memory_region_inline mm/kasan/kasan.c:260 [inline]
> check_memory_region+0x140/0x1a0 mm/kasan/kasan.c:267
> kasan_check_write+0x14/0x20 mm/kasan/kasan.c:278
> __atomic_add_unless include/asm-generic/atomic-instrumented.h:89 [inline]
> atomic_add_unless include/linux/atomic.h:533 [inline]
> mmget_not_zero include/linux/sched/mm.h:75 [inline]
> binder_update_page_range+0xece/0x18e0 drivers/android/binder_alloc.c:218
> binder_alloc_new_buf_locked drivers/android/binder_alloc.c:443 [inline]
> binder_alloc_new_buf+0x467/0xc30 drivers/android/binder_alloc.c:513
> binder_transaction+0x125b/0x4fb0 drivers/android/binder.c:2957
> binder_thread_write+0xc08/0x2770 drivers/android/binder.c:3528
> binder_ioctl_write_read.isra.39+0x24f/0x8e0 drivers/android/binder.c:4456
> binder_ioctl+0xa86/0xf34 drivers/android/binder.c:4596
> vfs_ioctl fs/ioctl.c:46 [inline]
> do_vfs_ioctl+0x154/0xd40 fs/ioctl.c:686
> ksys_ioctl+0x94/0xb0 fs/ioctl.c:701
> __do_sys_ioctl fs/ioctl.c:708 [inline]
> __se_sys_ioctl fs/ioctl.c:706 [inline]
> __x64_sys_ioctl+0x43/0x50 fs/ioctl.c:706
> do_syscall_64+0x167/0x4b0 arch/x86/entry/common.c:290
> entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x49/0xbe
> RIP: 0033:0x456469
> Code: 1d ba fb ff c3 66 2e 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 00 66 90 48 89 f8 48 89 f7 48 89 d6 48 89 ca 4d 89 c2 4d 89 c8 4c 8b 4c 24 08 0f 05 <48> 3d 01 f0 ff ff 0f 83 eb b9 fb ff c3 66 2e 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00
> RSP: 002b:00007f575f268b28 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000010
> RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 000000000072bfa0 RCX: 0000000000456469
> RDX: 00000000200003c0 RSI: 00000000c0306201 RDI: 0000000000000016
> RBP: 00000000000001a2 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000
> R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000246 R12: 00007f575f2696d4
> R13: 00000000ffffffff R14: 00000000006f77d0 R15: 0000000000000000
> ==================================================================
>
> = About RaceFuzzer
>
> RaceFuzzer is a customized version of Syzkaller, specifically tailored
> to find race condition bugs in the Linux kernel. While we leverage
> many different technique, the notable feature of RaceFuzzer is in
> leveraging a custom hypervisor (QEMU/KVM) to interleave the
> scheduling. In particular, we modified the hypervisor to intentionally
> stall a per-core execution, which is similar to supporting per-core
> breakpoint functionality. This allows RaceFuzzer to force the kernel
> to deterministically trigger racy condition (which may rarely happen
> in practice due to randomness in scheduling).
>
> RaceFuzzer's C repro always pinpoints two racy syscalls. Since C
> repro's scheduling synchronization should be performed at the user
> space, its reproducibility is limited (reproduction may take from 1
> second to 10 minutes (or even more), depending on a bug). This is
> because, while RaceFuzzer precisely interleaves the scheduling at the
> kernel's instruction level when finding this bug, C repro cannot fully
> utilize such a feature. Please disregard all code related to
> "should_hypercall" in the C repro, as this is only for our debugging
> purposes using our own hypervisor.
What a amazing tool!
Could you test this patch? I found that bug a month ago but didn't submit
yet.
>From 03fb1de4784a0ae34ddd60ab0706ec43b7dfaf8d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Minchan Kim <minchan@...nel.org>
Date: Thu, 23 Aug 2018 14:14:13 +0900
Subject: [PATCH] android: binder: fix the race mmap and alloc_new_buf_locked
There is RaceFuzzer report like below because we have no lock to close
below the race between binder_mmap and binder_alloc_new_buf_locked.
To close the race, let's use memory barrier so that if someone see
alloc->vma is not NULL, alloc->vma_vm_mm should be never NULL.
(I didn't add stable mark intentionallybecause standard android
userspace libraries that interact with binder (libbinder & libhwbinder)
prevent the mmap/ioctl race. - from Todd)
"
Thread interleaving:
CPU0 (binder_alloc_mmap_handler) CPU1 (binder_alloc_new_buf_locked)
===== =====
// drivers/android/binder_alloc.c
// #L718 (v4.18-rc3)
alloc->vma = vma;
// drivers/android/binder_alloc.c
// #L346 (v4.18-rc3)
if (alloc->vma == NULL) {
...
// alloc->vma is not NULL at this point
return ERR_PTR(-ESRCH);
}
...
// #L438
binder_update_page_range(alloc, 0,
(void *)PAGE_ALIGN((uintptr_t)buffer->data),
end_page_addr);
// In binder_update_page_range() #L218
// But still alloc->vma_vm_mm is NULL here
if (need_mm && mmget_not_zero(alloc->vma_vm_mm))
alloc->vma_vm_mm = vma->vm_mm;
Crash Log:
==================================================================
BUG: KASAN: null-ptr-deref in __atomic_add_unless include/asm-generic/atomic-instrumented.h:89 [inline]
BUG: KASAN: null-ptr-deref in atomic_add_unless include/linux/atomic.h:533 [inline]
BUG: KASAN: null-ptr-deref in mmget_not_zero include/linux/sched/mm.h:75 [inline]
BUG: KASAN: null-ptr-deref in binder_update_page_range+0xece/0x18e0 drivers/android/binder_alloc.c:218
Write of size 4 at addr 0000000000000058 by task syz-executor0/11184
CPU: 1 PID: 11184 Comm: syz-executor0 Not tainted 4.18.0-rc3 #1
Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS rel-1.8.2-0-g33fbe13 by qemu-project.org 04/01/2014
Call Trace:
__dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:77 [inline]
dump_stack+0x16e/0x22c lib/dump_stack.c:113
kasan_report_error mm/kasan/report.c:352 [inline]
kasan_report+0x163/0x380 mm/kasan/report.c:412
check_memory_region_inline mm/kasan/kasan.c:260 [inline]
check_memory_region+0x140/0x1a0 mm/kasan/kasan.c:267
kasan_check_write+0x14/0x20 mm/kasan/kasan.c:278
__atomic_add_unless include/asm-generic/atomic-instrumented.h:89 [inline]
atomic_add_unless include/linux/atomic.h:533 [inline]
mmget_not_zero include/linux/sched/mm.h:75 [inline]
binder_update_page_range+0xece/0x18e0 drivers/android/binder_alloc.c:218
binder_alloc_new_buf_locked drivers/android/binder_alloc.c:443 [inline]
binder_alloc_new_buf+0x467/0xc30 drivers/android/binder_alloc.c:513
binder_transaction+0x125b/0x4fb0 drivers/android/binder.c:2957
binder_thread_write+0xc08/0x2770 drivers/android/binder.c:3528
binder_ioctl_write_read.isra.39+0x24f/0x8e0 drivers/android/binder.c:4456
binder_ioctl+0xa86/0xf34 drivers/android/binder.c:4596
vfs_ioctl fs/ioctl.c:46 [inline]
do_vfs_ioctl+0x154/0xd40 fs/ioctl.c:686
ksys_ioctl+0x94/0xb0 fs/ioctl.c:701
__do_sys_ioctl fs/ioctl.c:708 [inline]
__se_sys_ioctl fs/ioctl.c:706 [inline]
__x64_sys_ioctl+0x43/0x50 fs/ioctl.c:706
do_syscall_64+0x167/0x4b0 arch/x86/entry/common.c:290
entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x49/0xbe
"
Signed-off-by: Todd Kjos <tkjos@...gle.com>
Signed-off-by: Minchan Kim <minchan@...nel.org>
---
drivers/android/binder_alloc.c | 43 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++-------
1 file changed, 35 insertions(+), 8 deletions(-)
diff --git a/drivers/android/binder_alloc.c b/drivers/android/binder_alloc.c
index 3f3b7b253445..64fd96eada31 100644
--- a/drivers/android/binder_alloc.c
+++ b/drivers/android/binder_alloc.c
@@ -332,6 +332,35 @@ static int binder_update_page_range(struct binder_alloc *alloc, int allocate,
return vma ? -ENOMEM : -ESRCH;
}
+
+static inline void binder_alloc_set_vma(struct binder_alloc *alloc,
+ struct vm_area_struct *vma)
+{
+ if (vma)
+ alloc->vma_vm_mm = vma->vm_mm;
+ /*
+ * If we see alloc->vma is not NULL, buffer data structures set up
+ * completely. Look at smp_rmb side binder_alloc_get_vma.
+ * We also want to guarantee new alloc->vma_vm_mm is always visible
+ * if alloc->vma is set.
+ */
+ smp_wmb();
+ alloc->vma = vma;
+}
+
+static inline struct vm_area_struct *binder_alloc_get_vma(
+ struct binder_alloc *alloc)
+{
+ struct vm_area_struct *vma = NULL;
+
+ if (alloc->vma) {
+ /* Look at description in binder_alloc_set_vma */
+ smp_rmb();
+ vma = alloc->vma;
+ }
+ return vma;
+}
+
static struct binder_buffer *binder_alloc_new_buf_locked(
struct binder_alloc *alloc,
size_t data_size,
@@ -348,7 +377,7 @@ static struct binder_buffer *binder_alloc_new_buf_locked(
size_t size, data_offsets_size;
int ret;
- if (alloc->vma == NULL) {
+ if (!binder_alloc_get_vma(alloc)) {
binder_alloc_debug(BINDER_DEBUG_USER_ERROR,
"%d: binder_alloc_buf, no vma\n",
alloc->pid);
@@ -723,9 +752,7 @@ int binder_alloc_mmap_handler(struct binder_alloc *alloc,
buffer->free = 1;
binder_insert_free_buffer(alloc, buffer);
alloc->free_async_space = alloc->buffer_size / 2;
- barrier();
- alloc->vma = vma;
- alloc->vma_vm_mm = vma->vm_mm;
+ binder_alloc_set_vma(alloc, vma);
mmgrab(alloc->vma_vm_mm);
return 0;
@@ -754,10 +781,10 @@ void binder_alloc_deferred_release(struct binder_alloc *alloc)
int buffers, page_count;
struct binder_buffer *buffer;
- BUG_ON(alloc->vma);
-
buffers = 0;
mutex_lock(&alloc->mutex);
+ BUG_ON(alloc->vma);
+
while ((n = rb_first(&alloc->allocated_buffers))) {
buffer = rb_entry(n, struct binder_buffer, rb_node);
@@ -900,7 +927,7 @@ int binder_alloc_get_allocated_count(struct binder_alloc *alloc)
*/
void binder_alloc_vma_close(struct binder_alloc *alloc)
{
- WRITE_ONCE(alloc->vma, NULL);
+ binder_alloc_set_vma(alloc, NULL);
}
/**
@@ -935,7 +962,7 @@ enum lru_status binder_alloc_free_page(struct list_head *item,
index = page - alloc->pages;
page_addr = (uintptr_t)alloc->buffer + index * PAGE_SIZE;
- vma = alloc->vma;
+ vma = binder_alloc_get_vma(alloc);
if (vma) {
if (!mmget_not_zero(alloc->vma_vm_mm))
goto err_mmget;
--
2.18.0.1017.ga543ac7ca45-goog
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