Message-ID: <20190108183727.GD5840@e103592.cambridge.arm.com>
Date:   Tue, 8 Jan 2019 18:37:27 +0000
From:   Dave Martin <Dave.Martin@....com>
To:     Julien Thierry <julien.thierry@....com>
Cc:     Marc Zyngier <marc.zyngier@....com>, mark.rutland@....com,
        daniel.thompson@...aro.org,
        Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@...aro.org>,
        catalin.marinas@....com, will.deacon@....com,
        linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org, christoffer.dall@....com,
        james.morse@....com, Oleg Nesterov <oleg@...hat.com>,
        joel@...lfernandes.org, linux-arm-kernel@...ts.infradead.org
Subject: Re: [PATCH v8 12/26] arm64: irqflags: Use ICC_PMR_EL1 for interrupt
 masking

On Tue, Jan 08, 2019 at 05:58:59PM +0000, Julien Thierry wrote:
> 
> 
> On 08/01/2019 16:45, Dave Martin wrote:
> > On Tue, Jan 08, 2019 at 03:51:18PM +0000, Marc Zyngier wrote:
> >> On 08/01/2019 15:40, Dave Martin wrote:
> >>> On Tue, Jan 08, 2019 at 02:07:30PM +0000, Julien Thierry wrote:
> >>>> Instead disabling interrupts by setting the PSR.I bit, use a priority
> >>>> higher than the one used for interrupts to mask them via PMR.
> >>>>
> >>>> When using PMR to disable interrupts, the value of PMR will be used
> >>>> instead of PSR.[DAIF] for the irqflags.
> >>>>
> >>>> Signed-off-by: Julien Thierry <julien.thierry@....com>
> >>>> Suggested-by: Daniel Thompson <daniel.thompson@...aro.org>
> >>>> Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@....com>
> >>>> Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@....com>
> >>>> Cc: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@...aro.org>
> >>>> Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@...hat.com>
> >>>> ---
> >>>>  arch/arm64/include/asm/efi.h      |  11 ++++
> >>>>  arch/arm64/include/asm/irqflags.h | 123 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++---------
> >>>>  2 files changed, 106 insertions(+), 28 deletions(-)
> >>>
> >>> [...]
> >>>
> >>>> diff --git a/arch/arm64/include/asm/irqflags.h b/arch/arm64/include/asm/irqflags.h
> >>>> index 24692ed..fa3b06f 100644
> >>>> --- a/arch/arm64/include/asm/irqflags.h
> >>>> +++ b/arch/arm64/include/asm/irqflags.h
> >>>> @@ -18,7 +18,9 @@
> >>>
> >>> [...]
> >>>
> >>>>  static inline void arch_local_irq_enable(void)
> >>>>  {
> >>>> -	asm volatile(
> >>>> -		"msr	daifclr, #2		// arch_local_irq_enable"
> >>>> -		:
> >>>> +	unsigned long unmasked = GIC_PRIO_IRQON;
> >>>> +
> >>>> +	asm volatile(ALTERNATIVE(
> >>>> +		"msr	daifclr, #2		// arch_local_irq_enable\n"
> >>>> +		"nop",
> >>>> +		"msr_s  " __stringify(SYS_ICC_PMR_EL1) ",%0\n"
> >>>> +		"dsb	sy",
> >>>
> >>> I'm still not convinced these dsbs are needed.
> >>>
> >>> Without the dsb, we are probably not guaranteed to take a pending
> >>> interrupt _immediately_ on unmasking, but I'm not sure that's a
> >>> problem.
> >>>
> >>> What goes wrong if we omit them?
> >>
> >> Then the GIC doesn't know it can now deliver interrupts of a lower
> >> priority. Only a dsb can guarantee that the GIC's view of PMR will get
> >> updated.
> >>
> >> See 9.1.6 (Observability of the effects of accesses to the GIC
> >> registers), which states:
> >>
> >> <quote>
> >> Architectural execution of a DSB instruction guarantees that
> >> — The last value written to ICC_PMR_EL1 or GICC_PMR is observed by the
> >> associated Redistributor.
> >> </quote>
> >>
> >> So yes, DSB is required.
> > 
> > But it says neither what is means for the PMR write to be "observed by
> > the redistributor", nor whether the DSB is required for the
> > redistributor to observe the write at all.  (So, is an implementation
> > allowed to cached in the CPU interface indefinitely until forcibly
> > flushed to the redistributor by a DSB, and in any case can the write's
> > reaching the distributor in finite time or not have any effect that we
> > care about in this case?).
> > 
> > 
> > My reason for querying this is that temporary local masking of classes
> > of interrupts seems an obvious use case for the PMR, and the DSB
> > requirement flies rather in the face of this.
> > 
> > 
> > Have we seen hardware where interrupts may stall forever upstream of the
> > CPU interface after a PMR write, until a dsb is executed by the CPU?
> > 
> 
> I don't have too much GICv3 hardware at hand but the one I tested
> *seems* to work without the DSB. But of course this does not mean it is
> correct even on that hardware.
> 
> As you said it is not clear what is meant by "observed by the
> redistributor", it can mean that the redistributor is allowed to stop
> forwarding interrupts of lower priority or it can mean that it always
> forwards them as the CPU interface is required to prevent masked
> priority interrupts to be signaled to the CPU. The hardware I'm using
> might be in the latter case... or not...
> 
> 
> 
> > If so that is sad, but I guess we have to live with it.
> > 
> > Also, is it ever important in Linux that a pending interrupt be taken
> > immediately upon unmasking (and how do we know that said interrupt is
> > pending)?  If not, we don't care precisely when such interrupts are
> > pended to the PE, just that such an interrupt cannot be taken before
> > the PMR write that unmasks it.  It would be insane for the self-
> > synchronization of PMR writes to lack this guarantee (and a DSB after
> > the PMR write would do no good anyway in that case).
> > 
> 
> The first thing that comes to mind for this would be the RT world, I'm
> not sure it would it would be nice to have interrupts "actually
> unmasked" at some random time in the future.

If the PMR write were to start propagating immediately and DSB merely
waited for it to reach the redistributor, then there would be no
random delay -- rather, the DSB would generate some pointless system
load and prevent any useful work being done in the interim, without
actually speeding anything up.

Of course, it sounds like the GIC spec doesn't mandate such an
implementation, so we can't rely on this.

> Otherwise, aren't there some parts of the kernel that expect being able
> to take interrupts? (memory allocation comes to mind). What happens if
> the interrupt might not happen?
> 
> Also, code that does:
> 
> while (!poll_update_from_irq()) {
> 	local_irq_disable();
> 
> 	// do stuff
> 
> 	local_irq_enable();
> }
> 
> Might never see interrupts. It is not clear to me whether that is the
> case for the loop in do_idle() and the check for need_resched().
> 
> I don't know if drivers might have such code patterns.

For appropriate self-synchronising behaviour in PMR writes, this
problem is solvable: if you have a pending PMR write followed by a
PMR write with a more restrictive bound (so disabling some interrupts)
then the second write could be stalled until the first has synchronised,
providing an opportunity to take pending interrupts before they would
get masked.

There might be implementations that do something like this, but I guess
we can't rely on this either.

I'll defer to the experts...

Cheers
---Dave

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