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Date: Mon, 14 Jan 2019 14:42:22 -0500
From: Johannes Weiner <hannes@...xchg.org>
To: Suren Baghdasaryan <surenb@...gle.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@...radead.org>,
Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@...uxfoundation.org>,
Tejun Heo <tj@...nel.org>, lizefan@...wei.com, axboe@...nel.dk,
dennis@...nel.org, Dennis Zhou <dennisszhou@...il.com>,
Ingo Molnar <mingo@...hat.com>,
Andrew Morton <akpm@...ux-foundation.org>,
Jonathan Corbet <corbet@....net>, cgroups@...r.kernel.org,
linux-mm <linux-mm@...ck.org>, linux-doc@...r.kernel.org,
LKML <linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org>, kernel-team@...roid.com
Subject: Re: [PATCH v2 5/5] psi: introduce psi monitor
On Mon, Jan 14, 2019 at 11:30:12AM -0800, Suren Baghdasaryan wrote:
> On Mon, Jan 14, 2019 at 2:22 AM Peter Zijlstra <peterz@...radead.org> wrote:
> >
> > On Thu, Jan 10, 2019 at 02:07:18PM -0800, Suren Baghdasaryan wrote:
> > > +/*
> > > + * psi_update_work represents slowpath accounting part while
> > > + * psi_group_change represents hotpath part.
> > > + * There are two potential races between these path:
> > > + * 1. Changes to group->polling when slowpath checks for new stall, then
> > > + * hotpath records new stall and then slowpath resets group->polling
> > > + * flag. This leads to the exit from the polling mode while monitored
> > > + * states are still changing.
> > > + * 2. Slowpath overwriting an immediate update scheduled from the hotpath
> > > + * with a regular update further in the future and missing the
> > > + * immediate update.
> > > + * Both races are handled with a retry cycle in the slowpath:
> > > + *
> > > + * HOTPATH: | SLOWPATH:
> > > + * |
> > > + * A) times[cpu] += delta | E) delta = times[*]
> > > + * B) start_poll = (delta[poll_mask] &&| if delta[poll_mask]:
> > > + * cmpxchg(g->polling, 0, 1) == 0)| F) polling_until = now +
> > > + * | grace_period
> > > + * | if now > polling_until:
> > > + * if start_poll: | if g->polling:
> > > + * C) mod_delayed_work(1) | G) g->polling = polling = 0
> > > + * else if !delayed_work_pending(): | H) goto SLOWPATH
> > > + * D) schedule_delayed_work(PSI_FREQ)| else:
> > > + * | if !g->polling:
> > > + * | I) g->polling = polling = 1
> > > + * | J) if delta && first_pass:
> > > + * | next_avg = calculate_averages()
> > > + * | if polling:
> > > + * | next_poll = poll_triggers()
> > > + * | if (delta && first_pass) || polling:
> > > + * | K) mod_delayed_work(
> > > + * | min(next_avg, next_poll))
> > > + * | if !polling:
> > > + * | first_pass = false
> > > + * | L) goto SLOWPATH
> > > + *
> > > + * Race #1 is represented by (EABGD) sequence in which case slowpath
> > > + * deactivates polling mode because it misses new monitored stall and hotpath
> > > + * doesn't activate it because at (B) g->polling is not yet reset by slowpath
> > > + * in (G). This race is handled by the (H) retry, which in the race described
> > > + * above results in the new sequence of (EABGDHEIK) that reactivates polling
> > > + * mode.
> > > + *
> > > + * Race #2 is represented by polling==false && (JABCK) sequence which
> > > + * overwrites immediate update scheduled at (C) with a later (next_avg) update
> > > + * scheduled at (K). This race is handled by the (L) retry which results in the
> > > + * new sequence of polling==false && (JABCKLEIK) that reactivates polling mode
> > > + * and reschedules next polling update (next_poll).
> > > + *
> > > + * Note that retries can't result in an infinite loop because retry #1 happens
> > > + * only during polling reactivation and retry #2 happens only on the first
> > > + * pass. Constant reactivations are impossible because polling will stay active
> > > + * for at least grace_period. Worst case scenario involves two retries (HEJKLE)
> > > + */
> >
> > I'm having a fairly hard time with this. There's a distinct lack of
> > memory ordering, and a suspicious mixing of atomic ops (cmpxchg) and
> > regular loads and stores (without READ_ONCE/WRITE_ONCE even).
> >
> > Please clarify.
>
> Thanks for the feedback.
> I do mix atomic and regular loads with g->polling only because the
> slowpath is the only one that resets it back to 0, so
> cmpxchg(g->polling, 1, 0) == 1 at (G) would always return 1.
> Setting g->polling back to 1 at (I) indeed needs an atomic operation
> but at that point it does not matter whether hotpath or slowpath sets
> it. In either case we will schedule a polling update.
> Am I missing anything?
>
> For memory ordering (which Johannes also pointed out) the critical point is:
>
> times[cpu] += delta | if g->polling:
> smp_wmb() | g->polling = polling = 0
> cmpxchg(g->polling, 0, 1) | smp_rmb()
> | delta = times[*] (through goto SLOWPATH)
>
> So that hotpath writes to times[] then g->polling and slowpath reads
> g->polling then times[]. cmpxchg() implies a full barrier, so we can
> drop smp_wmb(). Something like this:
>
> times[cpu] += delta | if g->polling:
> cmpxchg(g->polling, 0, 1) | g->polling = polling = 0
> | smp_rmb()
> | delta = times[*] (through goto SLOWPATH)
delta = times[*] is get_recent_times(), which uses a seqcount and so
implies the smp_rmb() already as well. So we shouldn't need another
explicit one. But the comment should point out all the barriers.
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