Date:   Mon, 28 Jan 2019 22:09:14 +0100
From:   David Hildenbrand <david@...hat.com>
To:     Michal Hocko <mhocko@...nel.org>
Cc:     linux-mm@...ck.org, linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org,
        Andrew Morton <akpm@...ux-foundation.org>,
        Mel Gorman <mgorman@...hsingularity.net>,
        "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@...ux.intel.com>,
        Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@...jp.nec.com>,
        Jan Kara <jack@...e.cz>,
        Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@...hat.com>,
        Dominik Brodowski <linux@...inikbrodowski.net>,
        Matthew Wilcox <willy@...radead.org>,
        Vratislav Bendel <vbendel@...hat.com>,
        Rafael Aquini <aquini@...hat.com>,
        Konstantin Khlebnikov <k.khlebnikov@...sung.com>,
        Minchan Kim <minchan@...nel.org>, stable@...r.kernel.org
Subject: Re: [PATCH v1] mm: migrate: don't rely on PageMovable() of newpage
 after unlocking it

On 28.01.19 21:19, Michal Hocko wrote:
> On Mon 28-01-19 21:02:52, David Hildenbrand wrote:
>> On 28.01.19 17:04, David Hildenbrand wrote:
>>> While debugging some crashes related to virtio-balloon deflation that
>>> happened under the old balloon migration code, I stumbled over a race
>>> that still exists today.
>>>
>>> What we experienced:
>>>
>>> drivers/virtio/virtio_balloon.c:release_pages_balloon():
>>> - WARNING: CPU: 13 PID: 6586 at lib/list_debug.c:59 __list_del_entry+0xa1/0xd0
>>> - list_del corruption. prev->next should be ffffe253961090a0, but was dead000000000100
>>>
>>> Turns out after having added the page to a local list when dequeuing,
>>> the page would suddenly be moved to an LRU list before we would free it
>>> via the local list, corrupting both lists. So a page we own and that is
>>> !LRU was moved to an LRU list.
>>>
>>> In __unmap_and_move(), we lock the old and newpage and perform the
>>> migration. In case of vitio-balloon, the new page will become
>>> movable, the old page will no longer be movable.
>>>
>>> However, after unlocking newpage, there is nothing stopping the newpage
>>> from getting dequeued and freed by virtio-balloon. This
>>> will result in the newpage
>>> 1. No longer having PageMovable()
>>> 2. Getting moved to the local list before finally freeing it (using
>>>    page->lru)
>>>
>>> Back in the migration thread in __unmap_and_move(), we would after
>>> unlocking the newpage suddenly no longer have PageMovable(newpage) and
>>> will therefore call putback_lru_page(newpage), modifying page->lru
>>> although that list is still in use by virtio-balloon.
>>>
>>> To summarize, we have a race between migrating the newpage and checking
>>> for PageMovable(newpage). Instead of checking PageMovable(newpage), we
>>> can simply rely on is_lru of the original page.
>>>
>>> Looks like this was introduced by d6d86c0a7f8d ("mm/balloon_compaction:
>>> redesign ballooned pages management"), which was backported up to 3.12.
>>> Old compaction code used PageBalloon() via -_is_movable_balloon_page()
>>> instead of PageMovable(), however with the same semantics.
>>>
>>> Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@...ux-foundation.org>
>>> Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@...hsingularity.net>
>>> Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@...ux.intel.com>
>>> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@...e.com>
>>> Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@...jp.nec.com>
>>> Cc: Jan Kara <jack@...e.cz>
>>> Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@...hat.com>
>>> Cc: Dominik Brodowski <linux@...inikbrodowski.net>
>>> Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@...radead.org>
>>> Cc: Vratislav Bendel <vbendel@...hat.com>
>>> Cc: Rafael Aquini <aquini@...hat.com>
>>> Cc: Konstantin Khlebnikov <k.khlebnikov@...sung.com>
>>> Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@...nel.org>
>>> Cc: stable@...r.kernel.org # 3.12+
>>> Fixes: d6d86c0a7f8d ("mm/balloon_compaction: redesign ballooned pages management")
>>> Reported-by: Vratislav Bendel <vbendel@...hat.com>
>>> Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@...e.com>
>>> Acked-by: Rafael Aquini <aquini@...hat.com>
>>> Signed-off-by: David Hildenbrand <david@...hat.com>
>>> ---
>>>  mm/migrate.c | 6 ++++--
>>>  1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)
>>>
>>> diff --git a/mm/migrate.c b/mm/migrate.c
>>> index 4512afab46ac..31e002270b05 100644
>>> --- a/mm/migrate.c
>>> +++ b/mm/migrate.c
>>> @@ -1135,10 +1135,12 @@ static int __unmap_and_move(struct page *page, struct page *newpage,
>>>  	 * If migration is successful, decrease refcount of the newpage
>>>  	 * which will not free the page because new page owner increased
>>>  	 * refcounter. As well, if it is LRU page, add the page to LRU
>>> -	 * list in here.
>>> +	 * list in here. Don't rely on PageMovable(newpage), as that could
>>> +	 * already have changed after unlocking newpage (e.g.
>>> +	 * virtio-balloon deflation).
>>>  	 */
>>>  	if (rc == MIGRATEPAGE_SUCCESS) {
>>> -		if (unlikely(__PageMovable(newpage)))
>>> +		if (unlikely(!is_lru))
>>>  			put_page(newpage);
>>>  		else
>>>  			putback_lru_page(newpage);
>>>
>>
>> Vratislav just pointed out that this issue should not happen on upstream
>> as __PageMovable(newpage) will still return true even after
>> __ClearPageMovable(newpage). Only PageMovable(newpage) would actually
>> return false.
>>
>> (not sure if I am happy about this, this is horribly confusing and
>> complicated)
> 
> It is confusing as hell! __ClearPageMovable is a misnomer and I have to
> admit I have misread the implementation to actually ~PAGE_MAPPING_MOVABLE.
> 
>> I am not 100% sure yet, but I guess Vratislav is right. So it was
>> effectively fixed by
>>
>> b1123ea6d3b3 ("mm: balloon: use general non-lru movable page feature"),
>> which checks for __PageMovable(newpage) instead of
>> __is_movable_balloon_page(newpage).
> 
> So this is not just a clean up. Sigh!
> 
>> Anybody wanting to fix stable kernels either has to backport something
>> proposed in this patch or b1123ea6d3b3.
> 
> I think we should go with a simple patch for stable so this patch sounds
> like a good thing. *PageMovable thingy needs a much better documentation
> and ideally a cleaner implementation as well. The current state is just
> incomprehensible. 

Especially as __ClearPageMovable will not make __PageMovable fail, fun
with code :)

> 
> David, could you reformulate the changelog accordingly please? My ack
> still holds.

You mean reformulating + resending for stable kernels only?

b1123ea6d3b3 was merged with v4.8.
d6d86c0a7f8d was backported to v3.12+.

So v3.12 - v4.7 are affected and will free pages to the LRU list.

Without 195a8c43e93d ("virtio-balloon: deflate via a page list") -
merged with v4.13 - this BUG is not immediately visible I guess. Pages
are still added to the wrong list (LRU although they shouldn't) but the
virtio-balloon local list does not exist/corrupt. I assume adding these
pages to the LRU list is bad itself, right?

If a distro backported 195a8c43e93d without b1123ea6d3b3, the BUG
becomes directly visible (this is how we hit it).

Thanks!

-- 

Thanks,

David / dhildenb

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