Date:   Mon, 28 Jan 2019 14:09:37 +0200
From:   Elena Reshetova <elena.reshetova@...el.com>
To:     peterz@...radead.org
Cc:     linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org, keescook@...omium.org,
        andrea.parri@...rulasolutions.com,
        Elena Reshetova <elena.reshetova@...el.com>
Subject: [PATCH] refcount_t: add ACQUIRE ordering on success for dec(sub)_and_test variants

This adds an smp_acquire__after_ctrl_dep() barrier on successful
decrease of refcounter value from 1 to 0 for refcount_dec(sub)_and_test
variants and therefore gives stronger memory ordering guarantees than
prior versions of these functions.

Co-Developed-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@...radead.org>
Signed-off-by: Elena Reshetova <elena.reshetova@...el.com>
---
 Documentation/core-api/refcount-vs-atomic.rst | 28 +++++++++++++++++++++++----
 arch/x86/include/asm/refcount.h               | 21 ++++++++++++++++----
 lib/refcount.c                                | 16 ++++++++++-----
 3 files changed, 52 insertions(+), 13 deletions(-)

diff --git a/Documentation/core-api/refcount-vs-atomic.rst b/Documentation/core-api/refcount-vs-atomic.rst
index 322851b..95d4b4e 100644
--- a/Documentation/core-api/refcount-vs-atomic.rst
+++ b/Documentation/core-api/refcount-vs-atomic.rst
@@ -54,6 +54,14 @@ must propagate to all other CPUs before the release operation
 (A-cumulative property). This is implemented using
 :c:func:`smp_store_release`.
 
+An ACQUIRE memory ordering guarantees that all post loads and
+stores (all po-later instructions) on the same CPU are
+completed after the acquire operation. It also guarantees that all
+po-later stores on the same CPU and all propagated stores from other CPUs
+must propagate to all other CPUs after the acquire operation
+(A-cumulative property). This is implemented using
+:c:func:`smp_acquire__after_ctrl_dep`.
+
 A control dependency (on success) for refcounters guarantees that
 if a reference for an object was successfully obtained (reference
 counter increment or addition happened, function returned true),
@@ -119,24 +127,36 @@ Memory ordering guarantees changes:
    result of obtaining pointer to the object!
 
 
-case 5) - decrement-based RMW ops that return a value
------------------------------------------------------
+case 5) - generic dec/sub decrement-based RMW ops that return a value
+---------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 Function changes:
 
  * :c:func:`atomic_dec_and_test` --> :c:func:`refcount_dec_and_test`
  * :c:func:`atomic_sub_and_test` --> :c:func:`refcount_sub_and_test`
+
+Memory ordering guarantees changes:
+
+ * fully ordered --> RELEASE ordering + ACQUIRE ordering and control dependency
+   on success.  
+
+
+case 6) other decrement-based RMW ops that return a value
+---------------------------------------------------------
+
+Function changes:
+
  * no atomic counterpart --> :c:func:`refcount_dec_if_one`
  * ``atomic_add_unless(&var, -1, 1)`` --> ``refcount_dec_not_one(&var)``
 
 Memory ordering guarantees changes:
 
- * fully ordered --> RELEASE ordering + control dependency
+ * fully ordered --> RELEASE ordering + control dependency 
 
 .. note:: :c:func:`atomic_add_unless` only provides full order on success.
 
 
-case 6) - lock-based RMW
+case 7) - lock-based RMW
 ------------------------
 
 Function changes:
diff --git a/arch/x86/include/asm/refcount.h b/arch/x86/include/asm/refcount.h
index dbaed55..ab8f584 100644
--- a/arch/x86/include/asm/refcount.h
+++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/refcount.h
@@ -67,16 +67,29 @@ static __always_inline void refcount_dec(refcount_t *r)
 static __always_inline __must_check
 bool refcount_sub_and_test(unsigned int i, refcount_t *r)
 {
-	return GEN_BINARY_SUFFIXED_RMWcc(LOCK_PREFIX "subl",
+	bool ret = GEN_BINARY_SUFFIXED_RMWcc(LOCK_PREFIX "subl",
 					 REFCOUNT_CHECK_LT_ZERO,
 					 r->refs.counter, e, "er", i, "cx");
+
+    if (ret) {
+               smp_acquire__after_ctrl_dep();
+               return true;
+    }
+
+    return false;
 }
 
 static __always_inline __must_check bool refcount_dec_and_test(refcount_t *r)
 {
-	return GEN_UNARY_SUFFIXED_RMWcc(LOCK_PREFIX "decl",
-					REFCOUNT_CHECK_LT_ZERO,
-					r->refs.counter, e, "cx");
+	bool ret = GEN_UNARY_SUFFIXED_RMWcc(LOCK_PREFIX "decl",
+                   REFCOUNT_CHECK_LT_ZERO,
+                   r->refs.counter, e, "cx");
+    if (ret) {
+               smp_acquire__after_ctrl_dep();
+               return true;
+    }
+
+    return false;
 }
 
 static __always_inline __must_check
diff --git a/lib/refcount.c b/lib/refcount.c
index ebcf8cd..732feac 100644
--- a/lib/refcount.c
+++ b/lib/refcount.c
@@ -33,6 +33,9 @@
  * Note that the allocator is responsible for ordering things between free()
  * and alloc().
  *
+ * The decrements dec_and_test() and sub_and_test() also provide acquire
+ * ordering on success. 
+ *
  */
 
 #include <linux/mutex.h>
@@ -164,8 +167,7 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL(refcount_inc_checked);
  * at UINT_MAX.
  *
  * Provides release memory ordering, such that prior loads and stores are done
- * before, and provides a control dependency such that free() must come after.
- * See the comment on top.
+ * before, and provides an acquire ordering on success such that free() must come after.
  *
  * Use of this function is not recommended for the normal reference counting
  * use case in which references are taken and released one at a time.  In these
@@ -190,7 +192,12 @@ bool refcount_sub_and_test_checked(unsigned int i, refcount_t *r)
 
 	} while (!atomic_try_cmpxchg_release(&r->refs, &val, new));
 
-	return !new;
+    if (!new) {
+               smp_acquire__after_ctrl_dep();
+               return true;
+    }
+    return false;
+
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(refcount_sub_and_test_checked);
 
@@ -202,8 +209,7 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL(refcount_sub_and_test_checked);
  * decrement when saturated at UINT_MAX.
  *
  * Provides release memory ordering, such that prior loads and stores are done
- * before, and provides a control dependency such that free() must come after.
- * See the comment on top.
+ * before, and provides an acquire ordering on success such that free() must come after.
  *
  * Return: true if the resulting refcount is 0, false otherwise
  */
-- 
2.7.4

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