linux-kernel - Re: [PATCH] x86: uaccess: fix regression in unsafe_get

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Date:   Mon, 18 Feb 2019 22:13:12 +0100
From:   Jann Horn <jannh@...gle.com>
To:     Andy Lutomirski <luto@...capital.net>
Cc:     Thomas Gleixner <tglx@...utronix.de>,
        Al Viro <viro@...iv.linux.org.uk>,
        Arthur Gautier <baloo@...di.net>,
        "the arch/x86 maintainers" <x86@...nel.org>,
        Ingo Molnar <mingo@...hat.com>, Borislav Petkov <bp@...en8.de>,
        kernel list <linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org>,
        Pascal Bouchareine <pascal@...di.net>
Subject: Re: [PATCH] x86: uaccess: fix regression in unsafe_get_user

On Mon, Feb 18, 2019 at 8:15 PM Andy Lutomirski <luto@...capital.net> wrote:
> On Mon, Feb 18, 2019 at 5:04 AM Thomas Gleixner <tglx@...utronix.de> wrote:
> > > Another would be to have the buffer passed to flush_buffer() (i.e.
> > > the callback of decompress_fn) allocated with 4 bytes of padding
> > > past the part where the unpacked piece of data is placed for the
> > > callback to find.  As in,
> > >
> > > diff --git a/lib/decompress_inflate.c b/lib/decompress_inflate.c
> > > index 63b4b7eee138..ca3f7ecc9b35 100644
> > > --- a/lib/decompress_inflate.c
> > > +++ b/lib/decompress_inflate.c
> > > @@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ STATIC int INIT __gunzip(unsigned char *buf, long len,
> > >       rc = -1;
> > >       if (flush) {
> > >               out_len = 0x8000; /* 32 K */
> > > -             out_buf = malloc(out_len);
> > > +             out_buf = malloc(out_len + 4);
> >
> >   +8 actually.
> >
> > >       } else {
> > >               if (!out_len)
> > >                       out_len = ((size_t)~0) - (size_t)out_buf; /* no limit */
> > >
> > > for gunzip/decompress and similar ones for bzip2, etc.  The contents
> > > layout doesn't have anything to do with that...
> >
> > Right. That works nicely.
> >
>
> This seems like it's just papering over the underlying problem: with
> Jann's new checks in place, strncpy_from_user() is simply buggy.  Does
> the patch below look decent?  It's only compile-tested, but it's
> conceptually straightforward.

Nit: The "This could be optimized" comment has unbalanced parentheses around it.
Nit: Maybe switch the order of "max" and "IS_UNALIGNED(src+res)" in
the loop for unaligned prefix, or tell the compiler that "max" is
likely to be non-zero? That might be a tiny bit more efficient in the
aligned case? But I don't know much about making code fast, so feel
free to ignore this.

I think there is still similar code in some other places in arch/x86;
back when I did the conversion to _ASM_EXTABLE_UA, I stumbled over a
few similar-looking things. In particular:

load_unaligned_zeropad() (used in some VFS code that looks pretty
performance-critical) still uses _ASM_EXTABLE for reading from kernel
memory; it has a comment saying:
/*
 * Load an unaligned word from kernel space.
 *
 * In the (very unlikely) case of the word being a page-crosser
 * and the next page not being mapped, take the exception and
 * return zeroes in the non-existing part.
 */

csum_partial_copy_generic() uses PREFETCHT0 together with the
following macro; I think this can be used on both kernel and user
addresses?
        /*
         * No _ASM_EXTABLE_UA; this is used for intentional prefetch on a
         * potentially unmapped kernel address.
         */
        .macro ignore L=.Lignore
30:
        _ASM_EXTABLE(30b, \L)
        .endm
(That comment says "kernel address", but I wrote that, and I think
what I really meant is "kernel or userspace address".)

> I was hoping I could get rid of the
> check-maximum-address stuff, but it's needed for architectures where
> the user range is adjacent to the kernel range (i.e. not x86_64).

> Jann, I'm still unhappy that this code will write up to sizeof(long)-1
> user-controlled garbage bytes in-bounds past the null-terminator in
> the kernel buffer.  Do you think that's worth changing, too?  I don't
> think it's a bug per se, but it seems like a nifty little wart for an
> attacker to try to abuse.

Hm. I guess it might be interesting if some code path first memsets a
kernel buffer to all-zeroes, then uses strncpy_from_user() to copy
into it, and then exposes the entire buffer to a different user task
(or, if strncpy_from_user() was called on kernel memory, to any user
task).

And if the source is kernel memory (might happen e.g. via splice,
there are VFS write handlers that use strncpy_from_user()), it could
potentially be used to make an uninitialized memory read bug
(constrained to a specific field in some slab object, or something
like that) more powerful, by shoving out-of-bounds kernel data around
such that it is aligned properly for the leak.

So, yeah, I think if it's not too much trouble, changing that would be nice.