linux-kernel - Re: [PATCH -next v2] mm/hotplug: fix a null-ptr-deref during NUMA boot

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Message-ID: <CAFgQCTt9XA9_Y6q8wVHkE9_i+b0ZXCAj__zYU0DU9XUkM3F4Ew@mail.gmail.com>
Date:   Wed, 22 May 2019 15:12:16 +0800
From:   Pingfan Liu <kernelfans@...il.com>
To:     Michal Hocko <mhocko@...nel.org>
Cc:     Qian Cai <cai@....pw>, Andrew Morton <akpm@...ux-foundation.org>,
        brho@...gle.com, Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@...el.com>,
        Mike Rapoport <rppt@...ux.ibm.com>,
        Peter Zijlstra <peterz@...radead.org>,
        Michael Ellerman <mpe@...erman.id.au>,
        Ingo Molnar <mingo@...e.hu>,
        Oscar Salvador <osalvador@...e.de>,
        Andy Lutomirski <luto@...nel.org>,
        Thomas Gleixner <tglx@...utronix.de>, linux-mm@...ck.org,
        LKML <linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org>
Subject: Re: [PATCH -next v2] mm/hotplug: fix a null-ptr-deref during NUMA boot

On Mon, May 13, 2019 at 11:31 PM Michal Hocko <mhocko@...nel.org> wrote:
>
> On Mon 13-05-19 11:20:46, Qian Cai wrote:
> > On Mon, 2019-05-13 at 16:04 +0200, Michal Hocko wrote:
> > > On Mon 13-05-19 09:43:59, Qian Cai wrote:
> > > > On Mon, 2019-05-13 at 14:41 +0200, Michal Hocko wrote:
> > > > > On Sun 12-05-19 01:48:29, Qian Cai wrote:
> > > > > > The linux-next commit ("x86, numa: always initialize all possible
> > > > > > nodes") introduced a crash below during boot for systems with a
> > > > > > memory-less node. This is due to CPUs that get onlined during SMP boot,
> > > > > > but that onlining triggers a page fault in bus_add_device() during
> > > > > > device registration:
> > > > > >
> > > > > >       error = sysfs_create_link(&bus->p->devices_kset->kobj,
> > > > > >
> > > > > > bus->p is NULL. That "p" is the subsys_private struct, and it should
> > > > > > have been set in,
> > > > > >
> > > > > >       postcore_initcall(register_node_type);
> > > > > >
> > > > > > but that happens in do_basic_setup() after smp_init().
> > > > > >
> > > > > > The old code had set this node online via alloc_node_data(), so when it
> > > > > > came time to do_cpu_up() -> try_online_node(), the node was already up
> > > > > > and nothing happened.
> > > > > >
> > > > > > Now, it attempts to online the node, which registers the node with
> > > > > > sysfs, but that can't happen before the 'node' subsystem is registered.
> > > > > >
> > > > > > Since kernel_init() is running by a kernel thread that is in
> > > > > > SYSTEM_SCHEDULING state, fixed this by skipping registering with sysfs
> > > > > > during the early boot in __try_online_node().
> > > > >
> > > > > Relying on SYSTEM_SCHEDULING looks really hackish. Why cannot we simply
> > > > > drop try_online_node from do_cpu_up? Your v2 remark below suggests that
> > > > > we need to call node_set_online because something later on depends on
> > > > > that. Btw. why do we even allocate a pgdat from this path? This looks
> > > > > really messy.
> > > >
> > > > See the commit cf23422b9d76 ("cpu/mem hotplug: enable CPUs online before
> > > > local
> > > > memory online")
> > > >
> > > > It looks like try_online_node() in do_cpu_up() is needed for memory hotplug
> > > > which is to put its node online if offlined and then hotadd_new_pgdat()
> > > > calls
> > > > build_all_zonelists() to initialize the zone list.
> > >
> > > Well, do we still have to followthe logic that the above (unreviewed)
> > > commit has established? The hotplug code in general made a lot of ad-hoc
> > > design decisions which had to be revisited over time. If we are not
> > > allocating pgdats for newly added memory then we should really make sure
> > > to do so at a proper time and hook. I am not sure about CPU vs. memory
> > > init ordering but even then I would really prefer if we could make the
> > > init less obscure and _documented_.
> >
> > I don't know, but I think it is a good idea to keep the existing logic rather
> > than do a big surgery
>
> Adding more hacks just doesn't make the situation any better.
>
> > unless someone is able to confirm it is not breaking NUMA
> > node physical hotplug.
>
> I have a machine to test whole node offline. I am just busy to prepare a
> patch myself. I can have it tested though.
>
I think the definition of "node online" is worth of rethinking. Before
patch "x86, numa: always initialize all possible nodes", online means
either cpu or memory present. After this patch, only node owing memory
as present.

In the commit log, I think the change's motivation should be "Not to
mention that it doesn't really make much sense to consider an empty
node as online because we just consider this node whenever we want to
iterate nodes to use and empty node is obviously not the best
candidate."

But in fact, we already have for_each_node_state(nid, N_MEMORY) to
cover this purpose. Furthermore, changing the definition of online may
break something in the scheduler, e.g. in task_numa_migrate(), where
it calls for_each_online_node.

By keeping the node owning cpu as online, Michal's patch can avoid
such corner case and keep things easy. Furthermore, if needed, the
other patch can use for_each_node_state(nid, N_MEMORY) to replace
for_each_online_node is some space.

Regards,
Pingfan

> --
> Michal Hocko
> SUSE Labs