linux-kernel - Re: [PATCH v1] KVM: x86: PMU Whitelist

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Message-ID: <CAOyeoRW85jV=TW_xwSj0ZYwPj_L+G9wu+QPGEF3nBmPbWGX4_g@mail.gmail.com>
Date:   Wed, 29 May 2019 10:11:59 -0700
From:   Eric Hankland <ehankland@...gle.com>
To:     Wei Wang <wei.w.wang@...el.com>
Cc:     pbonzini@...hat.com, rkrcmar@...hat.com,
        linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org, kvm@...r.kernel.org
Subject: Re: [PATCH v1] KVM: x86: PMU Whitelist

On Wed, May 29, 2019 at 12:49 AM Wei Wang <wei.w.wang@...el.com> wrote:
>
> On 05/29/2019 02:14 AM, Eric Hankland wrote:
> > On Mon, May 27, 2019 at 6:56 PM Wei Wang <wei.w.wang@...el.com> wrote:
> >> On 05/23/2019 06:23 AM, Eric Hankland wrote:
> >>> - Add a VCPU ioctl that can control which events the guest can monitor.
> >>>
> >>> Signed-off-by: ehankland <ehankland@...gle.com>
> >>> ---
> >>> Some events can provide a guest with information about other guests or the
> >>> host (e.g. L3 cache stats); providing the capability to restrict access
> >>> to a "safe" set of events would limit the potential for the PMU to be used
> >>> in any side channel attacks. This change introduces a new vcpu ioctl that
> >>> sets an event whitelist. If the guest attempts to program a counter for
> >>> any unwhitelisted event, the kernel counter won't be created, so any
> >>> RDPMC/RDMSR will show 0 instances of that event.
> >> The general idea sounds good to me :)
> >>
> >> For the implementation, I would have the following suggestions:
> >>
> >> 1) Instead of using a whitelist, it would be better to use a blacklist to
> >> forbid the guest from counting any core level information. So by default,
> >> kvm maintains a list of those core level events, which are not supported to
> >> the guest.
> >>
> >> The userspace ioctl removes the related events from the blacklist to
> >> make them usable by the guest.
> >>
> >> 2) Use vm ioctl, instead of vcpu ioctl. The blacklist-ed events can be
> >> VM wide
> >> (unnecessary to make each CPU to maintain the same copy).
> >> Accordingly, put the pmu event blacklist into kvm->arch.
> >>
> >> 3) Returning 1 when the guest tries to set the evetlsel msr to count an
> >> event which is on the blacklist.
> >>
> >> Best,
> >> Wei
> > Thanks for the feedback. I have a couple concerns with a KVM
> > maintained blacklist. First, I'm worried it will be difficult to keep
> > such a list up to date and accurate (both coming up with the initial
> > list since there are so many events, and updating it whenever any new
> > events are published or vulnerabilities are discovered).
>
> Not sure about "so many" above. I think there should be much
> fewer events that may need to be blacklisted.
>
> For example the event table 19-3 from SDM 19.2 shows hundreds of
> events, how many of them would you think that need to be blacklisted?
>
> > Second, users
> > may want to differentiate between whole-socket and sub-socket VMs
> > (some events may be fine for the whole-socket case) - keeping a single
> > blacklist wouldn't allow for this.
>
> Why wouldn't?
> In any case (e.g. the whole socket dedicated to the single VM) we
> want to unlock the blacklisted events, we can have the userspace
> (e.g. qemu command line options "+event1, +event2") do ioctl to
> have KVM do that.
>
> Btw, for the L3 cache stats event example, I'm not sure if that could
> be an issue if we have "AnyThread=0". I'll double confirm with
> someone.
>
> Best,
> Wei

> Not sure about "so many" above. I think there should be much
> fewer events that may need to be blacklisted.

I think you're right that there are not as many events that seem like
they could leak info as events that seem like they won't, but I think
the work to validate that they definitely don't could be expensive;
with a whitelist it's easy to start with a smaller set and
incrementally add to it without having to evaluate all the events
right away.

> > (some events may be fine for the whole-socket case) - keeping a single
> > blacklist wouldn't allow for this.
>
> Why wouldn't?

Ah I think I misunderstood your proposal (as an ioctl that would just
enable a hardcoded blacklist). Now that I understand, my main
objection is just the above (coupled with the trouble of needing to
maintain the "default" blacklist).

Eric