Date:   Thu, 13 Jun 2019 00:10:37 +0000
From:   "Xing, Cedric" <cedric.xing@...el.com>
To:     "Christopherson, Sean J" <sean.j.christopherson@...el.com>,
        "Andy Lutomirski" <luto@...nel.org>
CC:     Stephen Smalley <sds@...ho.nsa.gov>,
        LSM List <linux-security-module@...r.kernel.org>,
        "selinux@...r.kernel.org" <selinux@...r.kernel.org>,
        LKML <linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org>,
        "linux-sgx@...r.kernel.org" <linux-sgx@...r.kernel.org>,
        Jarkko Sakkinen <jarkko.sakkinen@...ux.intel.com>,
        James Morris <jmorris@...ei.org>,
        "Serge E. Hallyn" <serge@...lyn.com>,
        Paul Moore <paul@...l-moore.com>,
        Eric Paris <eparis@...isplace.org>,
        Jethro Beekman <jethro@...tanix.com>,
        "Hansen, Dave" <dave.hansen@...el.com>,
        Thomas Gleixner <tglx@...utronix.de>,
        Linus Torvalds <torvalds@...ux-foundation.org>,
        Andrew Morton <akpm@...ux-foundation.org>,
        "nhorman@...hat.com" <nhorman@...hat.com>,
        "pmccallum@...hat.com" <pmccallum@...hat.com>,
        "Ayoun, Serge" <serge.ayoun@...el.com>,
        "Katz-zamir, Shay" <shay.katz-zamir@...el.com>,
        "Huang, Haitao" <haitao.huang@...el.com>,
        Andy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@...ux.intel.com>,
        "Svahn, Kai" <kai.svahn@...el.com>, Borislav Petkov <bp@...en8.de>,
        Josh Triplett <josh@...htriplett.org>,
        "Huang, Kai" <kai.huang@...el.com>,
        David Rientjes <rientjes@...gle.com>,
        "Roberts, William C" <william.c.roberts@...el.com>,
        "Tricca, Philip B" <philip.b.tricca@...el.com>
Subject: RE: [RFC PATCH v1 2/3] LSM/x86/sgx: Implement SGX specific hooks in
 SELinux

> From: Christopherson, Sean J
> Sent: Wednesday, June 12, 2019 3:03 PM
> 
> > I think this model works quite well in an SGX1 world.  The main thing
> > that makes me uneasy about this model is that, in SGX2, it requires
> > that an SGX2-compatible enclave loader must pre-declare to the kernel
> > whether it intends for its dynamically allocated memory to be
> > ALLOW_EXEC.  If ALLOW_EXEC is set but not actually needed, it will
> > still fail if DENY_X_IF_ALLOW_WRITE ends up being set.  The other
> > version below does not have this limitation.
> 
> I'm not convinced this will be a meaningful limitation in practice,
> though that's probably obvious from my RFCs :-).  That being said, the
> UAPI quirk is essentially a dealbreaker for multiple people, so let's
> drop #1.
> 
> I discussed the options with Cedric offline, and he is ok with option #2
> *if* the idea actually translates to acceptable code and doesn't present
> problems for userspace and/or future SGX features.
> 
> So, I'll work on an RFC series to implement #2 as described below.  If
> it works out, yay!  If not, i.e. option #2 is fundamentally broken, I'll
> shift my focus to Cedric's code (option #3).
> 
> > >   2. Pre-check LSM permissions and dynamically track mappings to
> enclave
> > >      pages, e.g. add an SGX mprotect() hook to restrict W->X and WX
> > >      based on the pre-checked permissions.
> > >
> > >      Pros: Does not impact SGX UAPI, medium kernel complexity
> > >      Cons: Auditing is complex/weird, requires taking enclave-
> specific
> > >            lock during mprotect() to query/update tracking.
> >
> > Here's how this looks in my mind.  It's quite similar, except that
> > ALLOW_READ, ALLOW_WRITE, and ALLOW_EXEC are replaced with a little
> > state machine.
> >
> > EADD does not take any special flags.  It calls this LSM hook:
> >
> >   int security_enclave_load(struct vm_area_struct *source);
> >
> > This hook can return -EPERM.  Otherwise it 0 or
> > ALLOC_EXEC_IF_UNMODIFIED (i.e. 1).  This hook enforces permissions (a)
> and (b).
> >
> > The driver tracks a state for each page, and the possible states are:
> >
> >  - CLEAN_MAYEXEC /* no W or X VMAs have existed, but X is okay */
> >  - CLEAN_NOEXEC /* no W or X VMAs have existed, and X is not okay */
> >  - CLEAN_EXEC /* no W VMA has existed, but an X VMA has existed */
> >  - DIRTY /* a W VMA has existed */
> >
> > The initial state for a page is CLEAN_MAYEXEC if the hook said
> > ALLOW_EXEC_IF_UNMODIFIED and CLEAN_NOEXEC otherwise.
> >
> > The future EAUG does not call a hook at all and puts pages into the
> > state CLEAN_NOEXEC.  If SGX3 or later ever adds EAUG-but-don't-clear,
> > it can call security_enclave_load() and add CLEAN_MAYEXEC pages if
> appropriate.
> >
> > EINIT takes a sigstruct pointer.  SGX calls a new hook:
> >
> >   unsigned int security_enclave_init(struct sigstruct *sigstruct,
> > struct vm_area_struct *source, unsigned int flags);
> >
> > This hook can return -EPERM.  Otherwise it returns 0 or a combination
> > of flags DENY_WX and DENY_X_DIRTY.  The driver saves this value.
> > These represent permissions (c) and (d).
> >
> > If we want to have a permission for "execute code supplied from
> > outside the enclave that was not measured", we could have a flag like
> > HAS_UNMEASURED_CLEAN_EXEC_PAGE that the LSM could consider.
> >
> > mmap() and mprotect() enforce the following rules:
> >
> >  - If VM_EXEC is requested and (either the page is DIRTY or VM_WRITE
> is
> >    requested) and DENY_X_DIRTY, then deny.
> >
> >  - If VM_WRITE and VM_EXEC are both requested and DENY_WX, then deny.
> >
> >  - If VM_WRITE is requested, we need to update the state.  If it was
> >    CLEAN_EXEC, then we reject if DENY_X_DIRTY.  Otherwise we change
> the
> >    state to DIRTY.
> >
> >  - If VM_EXEC is requested and the page is CLEAN_NOEXEC, then deny.
> >
> > mprotect() and mmap() do *not* call SGX-specific LSM hooks to ask for
> > permission, although they can optionally call an LSM hook if they hit
> > one of the -EPERM cases for auditing purposes.
> >
> > Before the SIGSTRUCT is provided to the driver, the driver acts as
> > though DENY_X_DIRTY and DENY_WX are both set.

I think we've been discussing 2 topics simultaneously, one is the state machine that accepts/rejects mmap/mprotect requests, while the other is where is the best place to put it. I think we have an agreement on the former, and IMO option #2 and #3 differ only in the latter.

Option #2 keeps the state machine inside SGX subsystem, so it could reuse existing data structures for page tracking/locking to some extent. Sean may have smarter ideas, but it looks to me like the existing 'struct sgx_encl_page' tracks individual enclave pages while the FSM states apply to ranges. So in order *not* to test page by page in mmap/mprotect, I guess some new range oriented structures are still necessary. But I don't think it very important anyway. 

My major concern is more from the architecture/modularity perspective. Specifically, the state machine is defined by LSM but SGX does the state transitions. That's a brittle relationship that'd break easily if the state machine changes in future, or if different LSM modules want to define different FSMs (comprised of different set of states and/or triggers). After all, what's needed by the SGX subsystem is just the decision, not the FSM definition. I think we should take a closer look at this area once Sean's patch comes out.

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