linux-kernel - Re: [PATCH] arm64: defconfig: update and enable CONFIG_RANDOMIZE

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Date:   Mon, 24 Jun 2019 10:57:50 +0100
From:   Will Deacon <will@...nel.org>
To:     Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@...gle.com>
Cc:     Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@...aro.org>,
        Kees Cook <keescook@...gle.com>,
        Sami Tolvanen <samitolvanen@...gle.com>,
        Jeffrey Vander Stoep <jeffv@...gle.com>,
        Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@....com>,
        Enric Balletbo i Serra <enric.balletbo@...labora.com>,
        Arnd Bergmann <arnd@...db.de>,
        Maxime Ripard <maxime.ripard@...tlin.com>,
        Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@....com>,
        Will Deacon <will.deacon@....com>,
        Linux Kernel Mailing List <linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org>,
        Bjorn Andersson <bjorn.andersson@...aro.org>,
        Dinh Nguyen <dinguyen@...nel.org>,
        Mark Brown <broonie@...nel.org>,
        Jagan Teki <jagan@...rulasolutions.com>,
        Olof Johansson <olof@...om.net>,
        Shawn Guo <shawnguo@...nel.org>,
        linux-arm-kernel <linux-arm-kernel@...ts.infradead.org>
Subject: Re: [PATCH] arm64: defconfig: update and enable CONFIG_RANDOMIZE_BASE

Hi Nick, Kees, Ard,

Thanks for the responses.

On Fri, Jun 21, 2019 at 01:27:45PM -0700, Nick Desaulniers wrote:
> On Thu, Jun 20, 2019 at 1:17 AM Ard Biesheuvel
> <ard.biesheuvel@...aro.org> wrote:
> > On Thu, 20 Jun 2019 at 09:47, Will Deacon <will.deacon@....com> wrote:
> > > On the flip side, I worry that it could make debugging more difficult, but I
> > > don't know whether that's a genuine concern or not. I'm assuming you've
> > > debugged your fair share of crashes from KASLR-enabled kernels; how bad is
> > > it? (I'm thinking of the case where somebody mails you part of a panic log
> > > and a .config).
> 
> I don't recall specific cases where KASLR made debugging difficult.  I
> went and spoke to our stability team that debugs crash reports from
> the field.  My understanding is that we capture full ramdumps.  They
> have a lot of custom tooling for debugging, but they did not recall
> ever having to disable KASLR to debug further.  We've had KASLR
> enabled since I think the 2016 Pixel 1, so I assume their tooling
> accounts for the seed/offset.
> 
> I think if a full ramdump of the kernel image is loaded into GDB with
> the matching kernel image it "just works" but could be mistaken.  For
> external developers, "nokaslr" boot time param is pretty standard.
> 
> > In fact, given how many Android phones are running this code: Nick,
> > can you check if there are any KASLR related kernel fixes that haven't
> > been upstreamed?
> 
> I spoke with the android common kernel team that's trying to burn down
> their out of tree patches.  I triple checked a doc they had where they
> had audited every last patch, looking for for KASLR and
> CONFIG_RANDOMIZE_BASE.  I also triple checked our internal bug tracker
> for burning down the out of tree patches.  Finally I'm scanning each
> branch of our android-common trees via `git log --all --grep
> <KASLR|CONFIG_RANDOMIZE_BASE>`.  I haven't found anything yet, and the
> team doesn't expect any out of tree patches related to that feature.
> Sorry for not responding sooner, but I'm still going through our 4.4,
> 4.9, 4.14, and 4.19 branches.

Thanks for having a look. It could be that we've fixed the issue Catalin was
running into in the past -- he was going to see if the problem persists with
mainline, since it was frequent enough that it was causing us to ignore the
results from our testing infrastructure when RANDOMIZE_BASE=y.

> > So KASLR is known to be broken unless you enable KPTI as well, so that
> > is something we could take into account. I.e., mitigations that don't
> > reduce the attack surface at all are just pointless complexity, which
> > should obviously be avoided.
> 
> (Note to Sami + Jeff if they had KPTI on their radar)

I mean, we could have RANDOMIZE_BASE select UNMAP_KERNEL_AT_EL0 if you like?
The latter is already default y and hidden behind EXPERT.

> > Another thing to note is that the runtime cost of KASLR is ~zero, with
> > the exception of the module PLTs. However, the latter could do with
> > some additional coverage as well, so in summary, I think enabling this
> > is a good thing. Otherwise, we could disable full module randomization
> > so that the module PLT code doesn't get used in practice.
> >
> > Acked-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@...aro.org>
> 
> Olof mentioned on IRC that I should resend without the other defconfig
> changes.  Do others have thoughts on that?

That's not a bad idea. If you do that, feel free to add my Ack to the one
adding RANDOMIZE_BASE=y:

Acked-by: Will Deacon <will@...nel.org>

Will