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Date: Wed, 3 Jul 2019 21:36:06 +0200
From: Greg KH <gregkh@...uxfoundation.org>
To: Muchun Song <smuchun@...il.com>
Cc: rafael@...nel.org, benh@...nel.crashing.org, prsood@...eaurora.org,
mojha@...eaurora.org, gkohli@...eaurora.org,
linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org
Subject: Re: [PATCH v4 OPT2] driver core: Fix use-after-free and double free
on glue directory
On Wed, Jun 26, 2019 at 10:40:21PM +0800, Muchun Song wrote:
> There is a race condition between removing glue directory and adding a new
> device under the glue directory. It can be reproduced in following test:
>
> path 1: Add the child device under glue dir
> device_add()
> get_device_parent()
> mutex_lock(&gdp_mutex);
> ....
> /*find parent from glue_dirs.list*/
> list_for_each_entry(k, &dev->class->p->glue_dirs.list, entry)
> if (k->parent == parent_kobj) {
> kobj = kobject_get(k);
> break;
> }
> ....
> mutex_unlock(&gdp_mutex);
> ....
> ....
> kobject_add()
> kobject_add_internal()
> create_dir()
> sysfs_create_dir_ns()
> if (kobj->parent)
> parent = kobj->parent->sd;
> ....
> kernfs_create_dir_ns(parent)
> kernfs_new_node()
> kernfs_get(parent)
> ....
> /* link in */
> rc = kernfs_add_one(kn);
> if (!rc)
> return kn;
>
> kernfs_put(kn)
> ....
> repeat:
> kmem_cache_free(kn)
> kn = parent;
>
> if (kn) {
> if (atomic_dec_and_test(&kn->count))
> goto repeat;
> }
> ....
>
> path2: Remove last child device under glue dir
> device_del()
> cleanup_device_parent()
> cleanup_glue_dir()
> mutex_lock(&gdp_mutex);
> if (!kobject_has_children(glue_dir))
> kobject_del(glue_dir);
> kobject_put(glue_dir);
> mutex_unlock(&gdp_mutex);
>
> Before path2 remove last child device under glue dir, If path1 add a new
> device under glue dir, the glue_dir kobject reference count will be
> increase to 2 via kobject_get(k) in get_device_parent(). And path1 has
> been called kernfs_new_node(), but not call kernfs_get(parent).
> Meanwhile, path2 call kobject_del(glue_dir) beacause 0 is returned by
> kobject_has_children(). This result in glue_dir->sd is freed and it's
> reference count will be 0. Then path1 call kernfs_get(parent) will trigger
> a warning in kernfs_get()(WARN_ON(!atomic_read(&kn->count))) and increase
> it's reference count to 1. Because glue_dir->sd is freed by path2, the next
> call kernfs_add_one() by path1 will fail(This is also use-after-free)
> and call atomic_dec_and_test() to decrease reference count. Because the
> reference count is decremented to 0, it will also call kmem_cache_free()
> to free glue_dir->sd again. This will result in double free.
>
> In order to avoid this happening, we can ensure the lookup of the glue
> dir and creation of the child object(s) are done under a single instance
> of gdp_mutex so we never see a stale "empty" but still poentially used
> glue dir around.
>
> The following calltrace is captured in kernel 4.14 with the following patch
> applied:
>
> commit 726e41097920 ("drivers: core: Remove glue dirs from sysfs earlier")
>
> --------------------------------------------------------------------------
> [ 3.633703] WARNING: CPU: 4 PID: 513 at .../fs/kernfs/dir.c:494
> Here is WARN_ON(!atomic_read(&kn->count) in kernfs_get().
> ....
> [ 3.633986] Call trace:
> [ 3.633991] kernfs_create_dir_ns+0xa8/0xb0
> [ 3.633994] sysfs_create_dir_ns+0x54/0xe8
> [ 3.634001] kobject_add_internal+0x22c/0x3f0
> [ 3.634005] kobject_add+0xe4/0x118
> [ 3.634011] device_add+0x200/0x870
> [ 3.634017] _request_firmware+0x958/0xc38
> [ 3.634020] request_firmware_into_buf+0x4c/0x70
> ....
> [ 3.634064] kernel BUG at .../mm/slub.c:294!
> Here is BUG_ON(object == fp) in set_freepointer().
> ....
> [ 3.634346] Call trace:
> [ 3.634351] kmem_cache_free+0x504/0x6b8
> [ 3.634355] kernfs_put+0x14c/0x1d8
> [ 3.634359] kernfs_create_dir_ns+0x88/0xb0
> [ 3.634362] sysfs_create_dir_ns+0x54/0xe8
> [ 3.634366] kobject_add_internal+0x22c/0x3f0
> [ 3.634370] kobject_add+0xe4/0x118
> [ 3.634374] device_add+0x200/0x870
> [ 3.634378] _request_firmware+0x958/0xc38
> [ 3.634381] request_firmware_into_buf+0x4c/0x70
> --------------------------------------------------------------------------
>
> Fixes: 726e41097920 ("drivers: core: Remove glue dirs from sysfs earlier")
>
> Signed-off-by: Muchun Song <smuchun@...il.com>
> ---
>
> Change in v4:
> 1. Add some kerneldoc comment.
> 2. Remove unlock_if_glue_dir().
> 3. Rename get_device_parent_locked_if_glue_dir() to
> get_device_parent_locked.
> 4. Update commit message.
> Change in v3:
> Add change log.
> Change in v2:
> Fix device_move() also.
>
> drivers/base/core.c | 108 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-------
> 1 file changed, 92 insertions(+), 16 deletions(-)
>
> diff --git a/drivers/base/core.c b/drivers/base/core.c
> index 4aeaa0c92bda..2251e391a352 100644
> --- a/drivers/base/core.c
> +++ b/drivers/base/core.c
> @@ -1739,8 +1739,23 @@ class_dir_create_and_add(struct class *class, struct kobject *parent_kobj)
>
> static DEFINE_MUTEX(gdp_mutex);
>
> -static struct kobject *get_device_parent(struct device *dev,
> - struct device *parent)
> +/**
> + * __get_device_parent() - Get the parent device kobject.
> + * @dev: Pointer to the device structure.
> + * @parent: Pointer to the parent device structure.
> + * @lock: When we live in a glue directory, should we hold the
> + * gdp_mutex lock when this function returns? If @lock
> + * is true, this function returns with the gdp_mutex
> + * holed. Otherwise it will not.
Ugh, if you are trying to get me to hate one version of these patches,
this is how you do it :)
A function should not "sometimes takes a lock, sometimes does not,
depending on a parameter passed into it" That way lies madness...
> + *
> + * Note: Only when we live in a glue directory and @lock is
> + * true, the function will return with the gdp_mutex holed.
> + * In this case, The caller is responsible for releasing the
> + * gdp_mutex lock.
> + */
> +static struct kobject *__get_device_parent(struct device *dev,
> + struct device *parent,
> + bool lock)
> {
> if (dev->class) {
> struct kobject *kobj = NULL;
> @@ -1778,16 +1793,32 @@ static struct kobject *get_device_parent(struct device *dev,
> break;
> }
> spin_unlock(&dev->class->p->glue_dirs.list_lock);
> - if (kobj) {
> - mutex_unlock(&gdp_mutex);
> - return kobj;
> - }
>
> - /* or create a new class-directory at the parent device */
> - k = class_dir_create_and_add(dev->class, parent_kobj);
> - /* do not emit an uevent for this simple "glue" directory */
> - mutex_unlock(&gdp_mutex);
> - return k;
> + /**
Note, in the future, you don't need to use /** for comments in a
function, those are only for kernel doc markers for a _global_ function
that gets pulled into the larger documentation documents. So even
__get_device_parent() here does not need this.
Anyway, this is a mess.
Ugh I hate glue dirs...
greg k-h
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