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Date: Mon, 07 Oct 2019 10:59:10 -0400
From: Qian Cai <cai@....pw>
To: Petr Mladek <pmladek@...e.com>
Cc: akpm@...ux-foundation.org, sergey.senozhatsky.work@...il.com,
rostedt@...dmis.org, peterz@...radead.org, mhocko@...nel.org,
linux-mm@...ck.org, john.ogness@...utronix.de, david@...hat.com,
linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org
Subject: Re: [PATCH v2] mm/page_isolation: fix a deadlock with printk()
On Mon, 2019-10-07 at 16:30 +0200, Petr Mladek wrote:
> On Fri 2019-10-04 18:26:45, Qian Cai wrote:
> > It is unsafe to call printk() while zone->lock was held, i.e.,
> >
> > zone->lock --> console_lock
> >
> > because the console could always allocate some memory in different code
> > paths and form locking chains in an opposite order,
> >
> > console_lock --> * --> zone->lock
> >
> > As the result, it triggers lockdep splats like below and in different
> > code paths in this thread [1]. Since has_unmovable_pages() was only used
> > in set_migratetype_isolate() and is_pageblock_removable_nolock(). Only
> > the former will set the REPORT_FAILURE flag which will call printk().
> > Hence, unlock the zone->lock just before the dump_page() there where
> > when has_unmovable_pages() returns true, there is no need to hold the
> > lock anyway in the rest of set_migratetype_isolate().
> >
> > While at it, remove a problematic printk() in __offline_isolated_pages()
> > only for debugging as well which will always disable lockdep on debug
> > kernels.
> >
> > The problem is probably there forever, but neither many developers will
> > run memory offline with the lockdep enabled nor admins in the field are
> > lucky enough yet to hit a perfect timing which required to trigger a
> > real deadlock. In addition, there aren't many places that call printk()
> > while zone->lock was held.
> >
> > WARNING: possible circular locking dependency detected
> > ------------------------------------------------------
> > test.sh/1724 is trying to acquire lock:
> > 0000000052059ec0 (console_owner){-...}, at: console_unlock+0x
> > 01: 328/0xa30
> >
> > but task is already holding lock:
> > 000000006ffd89c8 (&(&zone->lock)->rlock){-.-.}, at: start_iso
> > 01: late_page_range+0x216/0x538
> >
> > which lock already depends on the new lock.
> >
> > the existing dependency chain (in reverse order) is:
> >
> > -> #2 (&(&zone->lock)->rlock){-.-.}:
> > lock_acquire+0x21a/0x468
> > _raw_spin_lock+0x54/0x68
> > get_page_from_freelist+0x8b6/0x2d28
> > __alloc_pages_nodemask+0x246/0x658
> > __get_free_pages+0x34/0x78
> > sclp_init+0x106/0x690
> > sclp_register+0x2e/0x248
> > sclp_rw_init+0x4a/0x70
> > sclp_console_init+0x4a/0x1b8
> > console_init+0x2c8/0x410
> > start_kernel+0x530/0x6a0
> > startup_continue+0x70/0xd0
>
> This code takes locks: sclp_lock --> &(&zone->lock)->rlock
>
> > -> #1 (sclp_lock){-.-.}:
> > lock_acquire+0x21a/0x468
> > _raw_spin_lock_irqsave+0xcc/0xe8
> > sclp_add_request+0x34/0x308
> > sclp_conbuf_emit+0x100/0x138
> > sclp_console_write+0x96/0x3b8
> > console_unlock+0x6dc/0xa30
> > vprintk_emit+0x184/0x3c8
> > vprintk_default+0x44/0x50
> > printk+0xa8/0xc0
> > iommu_debugfs_setup+0xf2/0x108
> > iommu_init+0x6c/0x78
> > do_one_initcall+0x162/0x680
> > kernel_init_freeable+0x4e8/0x5a8
> > kernel_init+0x2a/0x188
> > ret_from_fork+0x30/0x34
> > kernel_thread_starter+0x0/0xc
>
> This code path takes: console_owner --> sclp_lock
>
> > -> #0 (console_owner){-...}:
> > check_noncircular+0x338/0x3e0
> > __lock_acquire+0x1e66/0x2d88
> > lock_acquire+0x21a/0x468
> > console_unlock+0x3a6/0xa30
> > vprintk_emit+0x184/0x3c8
> > vprintk_default+0x44/0x50
> > printk+0xa8/0xc0
> > __dump_page+0x1dc/0x710
> > dump_page+0x2e/0x58
> > has_unmovable_pages+0x2e8/0x470
> > start_isolate_page_range+0x404/0x538
> > __offline_pages+0x22c/0x1338
> > memory_subsys_offline+0xa6/0xe8
> > device_offline+0xe6/0x118
> > state_store+0xf0/0x110
> > kernfs_fop_write+0x1bc/0x270
> > vfs_write+0xce/0x220
> > ksys_write+0xea/0x190
> > system_call+0xd8/0x2b4
>
> And this code path takes: &(&zone->lock)->rlock --> console_owner
>
> > other info that might help us debug this:
> >
> > Chain exists of:
> > console_owner --> sclp_lock --> &(&zone->lock)->rlock
>
> All three code paths together create a cyclic dependency. This
> is why lockdep reports a possible deadlock.
>
> I believe that it cannot really happen because:
>
> static int __init
> sclp_console_init(void)
> {
> [...]
> rc = sclp_rw_init();
> [...]
> register_console(&sclp_console);
> return 0;
> }
>
> sclp_rw_init() is called before register_console(). And
> console_unlock() will never call sclp_console_write() before
> the console is registered.
It could really hard to tell for sure unless someone fully audit every place in
the code could do,
console_owner_lock --> sclp_lock
The lockdep will save only the earliest trace after first saw the lock order, so
those early boot one will always be there in the report.
>
> AFAIK, lockdep only compares existing chain of locks. It does
> not know about console registration that would make some
> code paths mutually exclusive.
Yes.
>
> I believe that it is a false positive. I do not know how to
> avoid this lockdep report. I hope that it will disappear
> by deferring all printk() calls rather soon.
However, the similar splat is for console_owner_lock --> port_lock below. I have
even seen the another one before with a 4-way lockdep splat (which was shot down
separately),
https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/1568817579.5576.172.camel@lca.pw/
console_sem --> pi_lock --> rq_lock --> zone_lock
zone_lock --> console_sem
It is almost impossible to eliminate all the indirect call chains from
console_sem/console_owner_lock to zone->lock because it is too normal that
something later needs to allocate some memory dynamically, so as long as it
directly call printk() with zone->lock held, it will be in trouble.
I really hope the new printk() will solve this class of the problem, but it is
essentially up to the air until a patchset was posted. There are just too many
questions out there to be answered.
[ 297.425908] WARNING: possible circular locking dependency detected
[ 297.425908] 5.3.0-next-20190917 #8 Not tainted
[ 297.425909] ------------------------------------------------------
[ 297.425910] test.sh/8653 is trying to acquire lock:
[ 297.425911] ffffffff865a4460 (console_owner){-.-.}, at:
console_unlock+0x207/0x750
[ 297.425914] but task is already holding lock:
[ 297.425915] ffff88883fff3c58 (&(&zone->lock)->rlock){-.-.}, at:
__offline_isolated_pages+0x179/0x3e0
[ 297.425919] which lock already depends on the new lock.
[ 297.425920] the existing dependency chain (in reverse order) is:
[ 297.425922] -> #3 (&(&zone->lock)->rlock){-.-.}:
[ 297.425925] __lock_acquire+0x5b3/0xb40
[ 297.425925] lock_acquire+0x126/0x280
[ 297.425926] _raw_spin_lock+0x2f/0x40
[ 297.425927] rmqueue_bulk.constprop.21+0xb6/0x1160
[ 297.425928] get_page_from_freelist+0x898/0x22c0
[ 297.425928] __alloc_pages_nodemask+0x2f3/0x1cd0
[ 297.425929] alloc_pages_current+0x9c/0x110
[ 297.425930] allocate_slab+0x4c6/0x19c0
[ 297.425931] new_slab+0x46/0x70
[ 297.425931] ___slab_alloc+0x58b/0x960
[ 297.425932] __slab_alloc+0x43/0x70
[ 297.425933] __kmalloc+0x3ad/0x4b0
[ 297.425933] __tty_buffer_request_room+0x100/0x250
[ 297.425934] tty_insert_flip_string_fixed_flag+0x67/0x110
[ 297.425935] pty_write+0xa2/0xf0
[ 297.425936] n_tty_write+0x36b/0x7b0
[ 297.425936] tty_write+0x284/0x4c0
[ 297.425937] __vfs_write+0x50/0xa0
[ 297.425938] vfs_write+0x105/0x290
[ 297.425939] redirected_tty_write+0x6a/0xc0
[ 297.425939] do_iter_write+0x248/0x2a0
[ 297.425940] vfs_writev+0x106/0x1e0
[ 297.425941] do_writev+0xd4/0x180
[ 297.425941] __x64_sys_writev+0x45/0x50
[ 297.425942] do_syscall_64+0xcc/0x76c
[ 297.425943] entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x49/0xbe
[ 297.425944] -> #2 (&(&port->lock)->rlock){-.-.}:
[ 297.425946] __lock_acquire+0x5b3/0xb40
[ 297.425947] lock_acquire+0x126/0x280
[ 297.425948] _raw_spin_lock_irqsave+0x3a/0x50
[ 297.425949] tty_port_tty_get+0x20/0x60
[ 297.425949] tty_port_default_wakeup+0xf/0x30
[ 297.425950] tty_port_tty_wakeup+0x39/0x40
[ 297.425951] uart_write_wakeup+0x2a/0x40
[ 297.425952] serial8250_tx_chars+0x22e/0x440
[ 297.425952] serial8250_handle_irq.part.8+0x14a/0x170
[ 297.425953] serial8250_default_handle_irq+0x5c/0x90
[ 297.425954] serial8250_interrupt+0xa6/0x130
[ 297.425955] __handle_irq_event_percpu+0x78/0x4f0
[ 297.425955] handle_irq_event_percpu+0x70/0x100
[ 297.425956] handle_irq_event+0x5a/0x8b
[ 297.425957] handle_edge_irq+0x117/0x370
[ 297.425958] do_IRQ+0x9e/0x1e0
[ 297.425958] ret_from_intr+0x0/0x2a
[ 297.425959] cpuidle_enter_state+0x156/0x8e0
[ 297.425960] cpuidle_enter+0x41/0x70
[ 297.425960] call_cpuidle+0x5e/0x90
[ 297.425961] do_idle+0x333/0x370
[ 297.425962] cpu_startup_entry+0x1d/0x1f
[ 297.425962] start_secondary+0x290/0x330
[ 297.425963] secondary_startup_64+0xb6/0xc0
[ 297.425964] -> #1 (&port_lock_key){-.-.}:
[ 297.425967] __lock_acquire+0x5b3/0xb40
[ 297.425967] lock_acquire+0x126/0x280
[ 297.425968] _raw_spin_lock_irqsave+0x3a/0x50
[ 297.425969] serial8250_console_write+0x3e4/0x450
[ 297.425970] univ8250_console_write+0x4b/0x60
[ 297.425970] console_unlock+0x501/0x750
[ 297.425971] vprintk_emit+0x10d/0x340
[ 297.425972] vprintk_default+0x1f/0x30
[ 297.425972] vprintk_func+0x44/0xd4
[ 297.425973] printk+0x9f/0xc5
[ 297.425974] register_console+0x39c/0x520
[ 297.425975] univ8250_console_init+0x23/0x2d
[ 297.425975] console_init+0x338/0x4cd
[ 297.425976] start_kernel+0x534/0x724
[ 297.425977] x86_64_start_reservations+0x24/0x26
[ 297.425977] x86_64_start_kernel+0xf4/0xfb
[ 297.425978] secondary_startup_64+0xb6/0xc0
[ 297.425979] -> #0 (console_owner){-.-.}:
[ 297.425982] check_prev_add+0x107/0xea0
[ 297.425982] validate_chain+0x8fc/0x1200
[ 297.425983] __lock_acquire+0x5b3/0xb40
[ 297.425984] lock_acquire+0x126/0x280
[ 297.425984] console_unlock+0x269/0x750
[ 297.425985] vprintk_emit+0x10d/0x340
[ 297.425986] vprintk_default+0x1f/0x30
[ 297.425987] vprintk_func+0x44/0xd4
[ 297.425987] printk+0x9f/0xc5
[ 297.425988] __offline_isolated_pages.cold.52+0x2f/0x30a
[ 297.425989] offline_isolated_pages_cb+0x17/0x30
[ 297.425990] walk_system_ram_range+0xda/0x160
[ 297.425990] __offline_pages+0x79c/0xa10
[ 297.425991] offline_pages+0x11/0x20
[ 297.425992] memory_subsys_offline+0x7e/0xc0
[ 297.425992] device_offline+0xd5/0x110
[ 297.425993] state_store+0xc6/0xe0
[ 297.425994] dev_attr_store+0x3f/0x60
[ 297.425995] sysfs_kf_write+0x89/0xb0
[ 297.425995] kernfs_fop_write+0x188/0x240
[ 297.425996] __vfs_write+0x50/0xa0
[ 297.425997] vfs_write+0x105/0x290
[ 297.425997] ksys_write+0xc6/0x160
[ 297.425998] __x64_sys_write+0x43/0x50
[ 297.425999] do_syscall_64+0xcc/0x76c
[ 297.426000] entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x49/0xbe
[ 297.426001] other info that might help us debug this:
[ 297.426002] Chain exists of:
[ 297.426002] console_owner --> &(&port->lock)->rlock --> &(&zone->lock)-
>rlock
[ 297.426007] Possible unsafe locking scenario:
[ 297.426008] CPU0 CPU1
[ 297.426009] ---- ----
[ 297.426009] lock(&(&zone->lock)->rlock);
[ 297.426011] lock(&(&port->lock)->rlock);
[ 297.426013] lock(&(&zone->lock)->rlock);
[ 297.426014] lock(console_owner);
[ 297.426016] *** DEADLOCK ***
[ 297.426017] 9 locks held by test.sh/8653:
[ 297.426018] #0: ffff88839ba7d408 (sb_writers#4){.+.+}, at:
vfs_write+0x25f/0x290
[ 297.426021] #1: ffff888277618880 (&of->mutex){+.+.}, at:
kernfs_fop_write+0x128/0x240
[ 297.426024] #2: ffff8898131fc218 (kn->count#115){.+.+}, at:
kernfs_fop_write+0x138/0x240
[ 297.426028] #3: ffffffff86962a80 (device_hotplug_lock){+.+.}, at:
lock_device_hotplug_sysfs+0x16/0x50
[ 297.426031] #4: ffff8884374f4990 (&dev->mutex){....}, at:
device_offline+0x70/0x110
[ 297.426034] #5: ffffffff86515250 (cpu_hotplug_lock.rw_sem){++++}, at:
__offline_pages+0xbf/0xa10
[ 297.426037] #6: ffffffff867405f0 (mem_hotplug_lock.rw_sem){++++}, at:
percpu_down_write+0x87/0x2f0
[ 297.426040] #7: ffff88883fff3c58 (&(&zone->lock)->rlock){-.-.}, at:
__offline_isolated_pages+0x179/0x3e0
[ 297.426043] #8: ffffffff865a4920 (console_lock){+.+.}, at:
vprintk_emit+0x100/0x340
[ 297.426047] stack backtrace:
[ 297.426048] CPU: 1 PID: 8653 Comm: test.sh Not tainted 5.3.0-next-20190917 #8
[ 297.426049] Hardware name: HPE ProLiant DL560 Gen10/ProLiant DL560 Gen10,
BIOS U34 05/21/2019
[ 297.426049] Call Trace:
[ 297.426050] dump_stack+0x86/0xca
[ 297.426051] print_circular_bug.cold.31+0x243/0x26e
[ 297.426051] check_noncircular+0x29e/0x2e0
[ 297.426052] ? stack_trace_save+0x87/0xb0
[ 297.426053] ? print_circular_bug+0x120/0x120
[ 297.426053] check_prev_add+0x107/0xea0
[ 297.426054] validate_chain+0x8fc/0x1200
[ 297.426055] ? check_prev_add+0xea0/0xea0
[ 297.426055] __lock_acquire+0x5b3/0xb40
[ 297.426056] lock_acquire+0x126/0x280
[ 297.426057] ? console_unlock+0x207/0x750
[ 297.426057] ? __kasan_check_read+0x11/0x20
[ 297.426058] console_unlock+0x269/0x750
[ 297.426059] ? console_unlock+0x207/0x750
[ 297.426059] vprintk_emit+0x10d/0x340
[ 297.426060] vprintk_default+0x1f/0x30
[ 297.426061] vprintk_func+0x44/0xd4
[ 297.426061] ? do_raw_spin_lock+0x118/0x1d0
[ 297.426062] printk+0x9f/0xc5
[ 297.426063] ? kmsg_dump_rewind_nolock+0x64/0x64
[ 297.426064] ? __offline_isolated_pages+0x179/0x3e0
[ 297.426064] __offline_isolated_pages.cold.52+0x2f/0x30a
[ 297.426065] ? online_memory_block+0x20/0x20
[ 297.426066] offline_isolated_pages_cb+0x17/0x30
[ 297.426067] walk_system_ram_range+0xda/0x160
[ 297.426067] ? walk_mem_res+0x30/0x30
[ 297.426068] ? dissolve_free_huge_page+0x1e/0x2b0
[ 297.426069] __offline_pages+0x79c/0xa10
[ 297.426069] ? __add_memory+0xc0/0xc0
[ 297.426070] ? __kasan_check_write+0x14/0x20
[ 297.426071] ? __mutex_lock+0x344/0xcd0
[ 297.426071] ? _raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore+0x49/0x50
[ 297.426072] ? device_offline+0x70/0x110
[ 297.426073] ? klist_next+0x1c1/0x1e0
[ 297.426073] ? __mutex_add_waiter+0xc0/0xc0
[ 297.426074] ? klist_next+0x10b/0x1e0
[ 297.426075] ? klist_iter_exit+0x16/0x40
[ 297.426076] ? device_for_each_child+0xd0/0x110
[ 297.426076] offline_pages+0x11/0x20
[ 297.426077] memory_subsys_offline+0x7e/0xc0
[ 297.426078] device_offline+0xd5/0x110
[ 297.426078] ? auto_online_blocks_show+0x70/0x70
[ 297.426079] state_store+0xc6/0xe0
[ 297.426080] dev_attr_store+0x3f/0x60
[ 297.426080] ? device_match_name+0x40/0x40
[ 297.426081] sysfs_kf_write+0x89/0xb0
[ 297.426082] ? sysfs_file_ops+0xa0/0xa0
[ 297.426082] kernfs_fop_write+0x188/0x240
[ 297.426083] __vfs_write+0x50/0xa0
[ 297.426084] vfs_write+0x105/0x290
[ 297.426084] ksys_write+0xc6/0x160
[ 297.426085] ? __x64_sys_read+0x50/0x50
[ 297.426086] ? do_syscall_64+0x79/0x76c
[ 297.426086] ? do_syscall_64+0x79/0x76c
[ 297.426087] __x64_sys_write+0x43/0x50
[ 297.426088] do_syscall_64+0xcc/0x76c
[ 297.426088] ? trace_hardirqs_on_thunk+0x1a/0x20
[ 297.426089] ? syscall_return_slowpath+0x210/0x210
[ 297.426090] ? entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x3e/0xbe
[ 297.426091] ? trace_hardirqs_off_caller+0x3a/0x150
[ 297.426092] ? trace_hardirqs_off_thunk+0x1a/0x20
[ 297.426092] entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x49/0xbe
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