Date:   Wed, 23 Oct 2019 12:03:51 +0200
From:   David Hildenbrand <david@...hat.com>
To:     Michal Hocko <mhocko@...nel.org>
Cc:     linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org, linux-mm@...ck.org,
        virtualization@...ts.linux-foundation.org,
        Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@...hat.com>,
        Andrew Morton <akpm@...ux-foundation.org>,
        Juergen Gross <jgross@...e.com>,
        Pavel Tatashin <pavel.tatashin@...rosoft.com>,
        Alexander Duyck <alexander.h.duyck@...ux.intel.com>,
        Anthony Yznaga <anthony.yznaga@...cle.com>,
        Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@...e.cz>,
        Johannes Weiner <hannes@...xchg.org>,
        Oscar Salvador <osalvador@...e.de>,
        Pingfan Liu <kernelfans@...il.com>, Qian Cai <cai@....pw>,
        Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@...el.com>,
        Mel Gorman <mgorman@...hsingularity.net>,
        Mike Rapoport <rppt@...ux.vnet.ibm.com>,
        Wei Yang <richardw.yang@...ux.intel.com>,
        Alexander Potapenko <glider@...gle.com>,
        Anshuman Khandual <anshuman.khandual@....com>,
        Jason Gunthorpe <jgg@...pe.ca>,
        Stephen Rothwell <sfr@...b.auug.org.au>,
        Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab+samsung@...nel.org>,
        Matthew Wilcox <willy@...radead.org>,
        Yu Zhao <yuzhao@...gle.com>, Minchan Kim <minchan@...nel.org>,
        Yang Shi <yang.shi@...ux.alibaba.com>,
        Ira Weiny <ira.weiny@...el.com>,
        Andrey Ryabinin <aryabinin@...tuozzo.com>
Subject: Re: [PATCH RFC v3 6/9] mm: Allow to offline PageOffline() pages with
 a reference count of 0

On 23.10.19 11:43, Michal Hocko wrote:
> On Tue 22-10-19 16:02:09, David Hildenbrand wrote:
> [...]
>>>>> MEM_CANCEL_OFFLINE could gain the reference back to balance the
>>>>> MEM_GOING_OFFLINE step.
>>>>
>>>> The pages are already unisolated and could be used by the buddy. But again,
>>>> I think you have an idea that tries to avoid putting pages to the buddy.
>>>
>>> Yeah, set_page_count(page, 0) if you do not want to release that page
>>> from the notifier context to reflect that the page is ok to be offlined
>>> with the rest.
>>>    
>>
>> I neither see how you deal with __test_page_isolated_in_pageblock() nor with
>> __offline_isolated_pages(). Sorry, but what I read is incomplete and you
>> probably have a full proposal in your head. Please read below how I think
>> you want to solve it.
> 
> Yeah, sorry that I am throwing incomplete ideas at you. I am just trying
> to really nail down how to deal with reference counting here because it
> is an important aspect.

I think we collected all the missing pieces now :) Thanks!

[...]

>>
>> I was reading
>>
>> include/linux/mm_types.h:
>>
>> "If you want to use the refcount field, it must be used in such a way
>>   that other CPUs temporarily incrementing and then decrementing the
>>   refcount does not cause problems"
>>
>> And that made me think "anybody can go ahead and try get_page_unless_zero()".
>>
>> If I am missing something here and this can indeed not happen (e.g.,
>> because PageOffline() pages are never mapped to user space), then I'll
>> happily remove this code.
> 
> The point is that if the owner of the page is holding the only reference
> to the page then it is clear that nothing like that's happened.

Right, and I think the race I described won't happen in practice. Nobody 
should be trying to do a get_page_unless_zero() on random pages that are 
not even mapped to user space. I was (as so often) very careful :)

>> Let's recap what I suggest:
>>
>> "PageOffline() pages that have a reference count of 0 will be treated
>>   like free pages when offlining pages, allowing the containing memory
>>   block to get offlined. In case a driver wants to revive such a page, it
>>   has to synchronize against memory onlining/offlining (e.g., using memory
>>   notifiers) while incrementing the reference count. Also, a driver that
>>   relies in this feature is aware that re-onlining the memory will require
>>   to re-set the pages PageOffline() - e.g., via the online_page_callback_t."
> 
> OK
> 
> [...]
>> d) __put_page() is modified to not return pages to the buddy in any
>>     case as a safety net. We might be able to get rid of that.
> 
> I do not like exactly this part

Yeah, and I think I can drop it from this patch.

>   
>> What I think you suggest:
>>
>> a) has_unmovable_pages() skips over all PageOffline() pages.
>>     This results in a lot of false negatives when trying to offline. Might be ok.
>>
>> b) The driver decrements the reference count of the PageOffline pages
>>     in MEM_GOING_OFFLINE.
> 
> Well, driver should make the page unreferenced or fail. What is done
> really depends on the specific driver
> 
>> c) The driver increments the reference count of the PageOffline pages
>>     in MEM_CANCEL_OFFLINE. One issue might be that the pages are no longer
>>     isolated once we get that call. Might be ok.
> 
> Only previous PageBuddy pages are returned to the allocator IIRC. Mostly
> because of MovablePage()
> 
>> d) How to make __test_page_isolated_in_pageblock() succeed?
>>     Like I propose in this patch (PageOffline() + refcount == 0)?
> 
> Yep
> 
>> e) How to make __offline_isolated_pages() succeed?
>>     Like I propose in this patch (PageOffline() + refcount == 0)?
> 
> Simply skip over PageOffline pages. Reference count should never be != 0
> at this stage.

Right, that should be guaranteed by d). (as long as people play by the 
rules) Same applies to my current patch.

>   
>> In summary, is what you suggest simply delaying setting the reference count to 0
>> in MEM_GOING_OFFLINE instead of right away when the driver unpluggs the pages?
> 
> Yes
> 
>> What's the big benefit you see and I fail to see?
> 
> Aparat from no hooks into __put_page it is also an explicit control over
> the page via reference counting. Do you see any downsides?

The only downside I see is that we get more false negatives on 
has_unmovable_pages(), eventually resulting in the offlining stage after 
isolation to loop forever (as some PageOffline() pages are not movable 
(especially, XEN balloon, HyperV balloon), there won't be progress).

I somewhat don't like forcing everybody that uses PageOffline() 
(especially all users of balloon compaction) to implement memory 
notifiers just to avoid that. Maybe, we even want to use PageOffline() 
in the future in the core (e.g., for memory holes instead of PG_reserved 
or similar).

Thanks!

-- 

Thanks,

David / dhildenb

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