linux-kernel - Re: [PATCH v3 6/7] docs: gpio: Add GPIO Aggregator/Repeater documentation

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Date:   Mon, 6 Jan 2020 09:06:53 +0100
From:   Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@...ux-m68k.org>
To:     Linus Walleij <linus.walleij@...aro.org>
Cc:     Geert Uytterhoeven <geert+renesas@...der.be>,
        Bartosz Golaszewski <bgolaszewski@...libre.com>,
        Jonathan Corbet <corbet@....net>,
        Rob Herring <robh+dt@...nel.org>,
        Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@....com>,
        Harish Jenny K N <harish_kandiga@...tor.com>,
        Eugeniu Rosca <erosca@...adit-jv.com>,
        Alexander Graf <graf@...zon.com>,
        Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@...aro.org>,
        Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@...hat.com>,
        Phil Reid <preid@...ctromag.com.au>,
        Marc Zyngier <marc.zyngier@....com>,
        Christoffer Dall <christoffer.dall@....com>,
        Magnus Damm <magnus.damm@...il.com>,
        "open list:GPIO SUBSYSTEM" <linux-gpio@...r.kernel.org>,
        Linux Doc Mailing List <linux-doc@...r.kernel.org>,
        "open list:OPEN FIRMWARE AND FLATTENED DEVICE TREE BINDINGS" 
        <devicetree@...r.kernel.org>,
        Linux-Renesas <linux-renesas-soc@...r.kernel.org>,
        "linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org" <linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org>,
        QEMU Developers <qemu-devel@...gnu.org>
Subject: Re: [PATCH v3 6/7] docs: gpio: Add GPIO Aggregator/Repeater documentation

Hi Linus,

On Sat, Jan 4, 2020 at 1:21 AM Linus Walleij <linus.walleij@...aro.org> wrote:
> On Thu, Dec 12, 2019 at 3:48 PM Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@...ux-m68k.org> wrote:
> > On Thu, Dec 12, 2019 at 3:42 PM Linus Walleij <linus.walleij@...aro.org> wrote:
> > > On Wed, Nov 27, 2019 at 9:43 AM Geert Uytterhoeven
> > > <geert+renesas@...der.be> wrote:
> > > > +The GPIO Aggregator allows access control for individual GPIOs, by aggregating
> > > > +them into a new gpio_chip, which can be assigned to a group or user using
> > > > +standard UNIX file ownership and permissions.  Furthermore, this simplifies and
> > > > +hardens exporting GPIOs to a virtual machine, as the VM can just grab the full
> > > > +GPIO controller, and no longer needs to care about which GPIOs to grab and
> > > > +which not, reducing the attack surface.
> > > > +
> > > > +Aggregated GPIO controllers are instantiated and destroyed by writing to
> > > > +write-only attribute files in sysfs.
> > >
> > > I suppose virtual machines will have a lengthy config file where
> > > they specify which GPIO lines to pick and use for their GPIO
> > > aggregator, and that will all be fine, the VM starts and the aggregator
> > > is there and we can start executing.
> > >
> > > I would perhaps point out a weakness as with all sysfs and with the current
> > > gpio sysfs: if a process creates an aggregator device, and then that
> > > process crashes, what happens when you try to restart the process and
> > > run e.g. your VM again?
> > >
> > > Time for a hard reboot? Or should we add some design guidelines for
> > > these machines so that they can cleanly tear down aggregators
> > > previously created by the crashed VM?
> >
> > No, the VM does not create the aggregator.
> >
> > The idea is for the user to create one or more aggregators, set up
> > permissions on /dev/gpiochipX, and launch the VM, passing the aggregated
> > /dev/gpiochipX as parameters.
> > If the VM crashes, just launch it again.
> >
> > Destroying the aggregators is a manual and independent process, after
> > the VM has exited.
>
> I'm thinking about someone making some industrial application for some
> control of a machinery say a robotic arm.
>
> And do make sure this VM is only controlling these GPIOs related to
> this robotic arm, they create a GPIO aggregator. And we care about
> cases like that since we provide this security argument.
>
> Surely that machine will be rebooted.
>
> Surely they don't have a printed paper with all the commands lying
> at the console, and asking whoever powers it back on to manually
> type it all in again. That feels a bit 1981.
>
> So they will have a script for this I suppose. Possibly in some
> initscript so it is set up on boot. And this script echos stuff
> all over the place to set up the aggregator.
>
> Is this the use case you're thinking of?

Exactly.

And they can configure that by echoing the GPIO specifiers to
/sys/bus/platform/drivers/gpio-aggregator/new_device.

If their system has DT, another option is to describe the device in DT,
and add its compatible value to gpio_aggregator_dt_ids[], cfr. the
frobnicator example.

> I just like to have the whole picture here.

Sure. If anything is still unclear, please let me know!
Thanks!

Gr{oetje,eeting}s,

                        Geert

-- 
Geert Uytterhoeven -- There's lots of Linux beyond ia32 -- geert@...ux-m68k.org

In personal conversations with technical people, I call myself a hacker. But
when I'm talking to journalists I just say "programmer" or something like that.
                                -- Linus Torvalds