Date:   Mon, 13 Jan 2020 14:12:18 -0800
From:   "Darrick J. Wong" <darrick.wong@...cle.com>
To:     ira.weiny@...el.com
Cc:     linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org,
        Alexander Viro <viro@...iv.linux.org.uk>,
        Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@...el.com>,
        Dave Chinner <david@...morbit.com>,
        Christoph Hellwig <hch@....de>,
        "Theodore Y. Ts'o" <tytso@....edu>, Jan Kara <jack@...e.cz>,
        linux-ext4@...r.kernel.org, linux-xfs@...r.kernel.org,
        linux-fsdevel@...r.kernel.org
Subject: Re: [RFC PATCH V2 07/12] fs: Add locking for a dynamic inode 'mode'

On Fri, Jan 10, 2020 at 11:29:37AM -0800, ira.weiny@...el.com wrote:
> From: Ira Weiny <ira.weiny@...el.com>
> 
> DAX requires special address space operations but many other functions
> check the IS_DAX() mode.
> 
> DAX is a property of the inode thus we define an inode mode lock as an
> inode operation which file systems can optionally define.
> 
> This patch defines the core function callbacks as well as puts the
> locking calls in place.
> 
> Signed-off-by: Ira Weiny <ira.weiny@...el.com>
> ---
>  Documentation/filesystems/vfs.rst | 30 ++++++++++++++++
>  fs/ioctl.c                        | 23 +++++++++----
>  fs/open.c                         |  4 +++
>  include/linux/fs.h                | 57 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++--
>  mm/fadvise.c                      | 10 ++++--
>  mm/khugepaged.c                   |  2 ++
>  mm/mmap.c                         |  7 ++++
>  7 files changed, 123 insertions(+), 10 deletions(-)
> 
> diff --git a/Documentation/filesystems/vfs.rst b/Documentation/filesystems/vfs.rst
> index 7d4d09dd5e6d..b945aa95f15a 100644
> --- a/Documentation/filesystems/vfs.rst
> +++ b/Documentation/filesystems/vfs.rst
> @@ -59,6 +59,28 @@ like open(2) the file, or stat(2) it to peek at the inode data.  The
>  stat(2) operation is fairly simple: once the VFS has the dentry, it
>  peeks at the inode data and passes some of it back to userspace.
>  
> +Changing inode 'modes' dynamically
> +----------------------------------
> +
> +Some file systems may have different modes for their inodes which require
> +dyanic changing.  A specific example of this is DAX enabled files in XFS and
> +ext4.  To switch the mode safely we lock the inode mode in all "normal" file
> +system operations and restrict mode changes to those operations.  The specific
> +rules are.
> +
> +To do this a file system must follow the following rules.
> +
> +        1) the direct_IO address_space_operation must be supported in all
> +           potential a_ops vectors for any mode suported by the inode.
> +	2) Filesystems must define the lock_mode() and unlock_mode() operations
> +           in struct inode_operations.  These functions are used by the core
> +           vfs layers to ensure that the mode is stable before allowing the
> +           core operations to proceed.
> +        3) Mode changes shall not be allowed while the file is mmap'ed
> +        4) While changing modes filesystems should take exclusive locks which
> +           prevent the core vfs layer from proceeding.
> +
> +
>  
>  The File Object
>  ---------------
> @@ -437,6 +459,8 @@ As of kernel 2.6.22, the following members are defined:
>  		int (*atomic_open)(struct inode *, struct dentry *, struct file *,
>  				   unsigned open_flag, umode_t create_mode);
>  		int (*tmpfile) (struct inode *, struct dentry *, umode_t);
> +		void (*lock_mode)(struct inode *);
> +		void (*unlock_mode)(struct inode *);

Yikes.  "mode" has a specific meaning for inodes, and this lock isn't
related to i_mode.  This lock protects aops from changing while an
address space operation is in use.

>  	};
>  
>  Again, all methods are called without any locks being held, unless
> @@ -584,6 +608,12 @@ otherwise noted.
>  	atomically creating, opening and unlinking a file in given
>  	directory.
>  
> +``lock_mode``
> +	called to prevent operations which depend on the inode's mode from
> +        proceeding should a mode change be in progress

"Inodes can't change mode, because files do not suddenly become
directories". ;)

Oh, you meant "lock_XXXX is called to prevent a change in the pagecache
mode from proceeding while there are address space operations in
progress".  So these are really more aops get and put functions...

> +``unlock_mode``
> +	called when critical mode dependent operation is complete
>  
>  The Address Space Object
>  ========================
> diff --git a/fs/ioctl.c b/fs/ioctl.c
> index 7c9a5df5a597..ed6ab5303a24 100644
> --- a/fs/ioctl.c
> +++ b/fs/ioctl.c
> @@ -55,18 +55,29 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL(vfs_ioctl);
>  static int ioctl_fibmap(struct file *filp, int __user *p)
>  {
>  	struct address_space *mapping = filp->f_mapping;
> +	struct inode *inode = filp->f_inode;
>  	int res, block;
>  
> +	lock_inode_mode(inode);
> +
>  	/* do we support this mess? */
> -	if (!mapping->a_ops->bmap)
> -		return -EINVAL;
> -	if (!capable(CAP_SYS_RAWIO))
> -		return -EPERM;
> +	if (!mapping->a_ops->bmap) {
> +		res = -EINVAL;
> +		goto out;
> +	}
> +	if (!capable(CAP_SYS_RAWIO)) {
> +		res = -EPERM;
> +		goto out;

Why does the order of these checks change here?

> +	}
>  	res = get_user(block, p);
>  	if (res)
> -		return res;
> +		goto out;
>  	res = mapping->a_ops->bmap(mapping, block);
> -	return put_user(res, p);
> +	res = put_user(res, p);
> +
> +out:
> +	unlock_inode_mode(inode);
> +	return res;
>  }
>  
>  /**
> diff --git a/fs/open.c b/fs/open.c
> index b0be77ea8f1b..c62428bbc525 100644
> --- a/fs/open.c
> +++ b/fs/open.c
> @@ -59,10 +59,12 @@ int do_truncate(struct dentry *dentry, loff_t length, unsigned int time_attrs,
>  	if (ret)
>  		newattrs.ia_valid |= ret | ATTR_FORCE;
>  
> +	lock_inode_mode(dentry->d_inode);
>  	inode_lock(dentry->d_inode);
>  	/* Note any delegations or leases have already been broken: */
>  	ret = notify_change(dentry, &newattrs, NULL);
>  	inode_unlock(dentry->d_inode);
> +	unlock_inode_mode(dentry->d_inode);
>  	return ret;
>  }
>  
> @@ -306,7 +308,9 @@ int vfs_fallocate(struct file *file, int mode, loff_t offset, loff_t len)
>  		return -EOPNOTSUPP;
>  
>  	file_start_write(file);
> +	lock_inode_mode(inode);
>  	ret = file->f_op->fallocate(file, mode, offset, len);
> +	unlock_inode_mode(inode);
>  
>  	/*
>  	 * Create inotify and fanotify events.
> diff --git a/include/linux/fs.h b/include/linux/fs.h
> index e11989502eac..631f11d6246e 100644
> --- a/include/linux/fs.h
> +++ b/include/linux/fs.h
> @@ -359,6 +359,11 @@ typedef struct {
>  typedef int (*read_actor_t)(read_descriptor_t *, struct page *,
>  		unsigned long, unsigned long);
>  
> +/**
> + * NOTE: DO NOT define new functions in address_space_operations without first
> + * considering how dynamic inode modes can be supported.  See the comment in
> + * struct inode_operations for the lock_mode() and unlock_mode() callbacks.
> + */
>  struct address_space_operations {
>  	int (*writepage)(struct page *page, struct writeback_control *wbc);
>  	int (*readpage)(struct file *, struct page *);
> @@ -1817,6 +1822,11 @@ struct block_device_operations;
>  
>  struct iov_iter;
>  
> +/**
> + * NOTE: DO NOT define new functions in file_operations without first
> + * considering how dynamic inode modes can be supported.  See the comment in
> + * struct inode_operations for the lock_mode() and unlock_mode() callbacks.
> + */
>  struct file_operations {
>  	struct module *owner;
>  	loff_t (*llseek) (struct file *, loff_t, int);
> @@ -1859,6 +1869,20 @@ struct file_operations {
>  	int (*fadvise)(struct file *, loff_t, loff_t, int);
>  } __randomize_layout;
>  
> +/*
> + * Filesystems wishing to support dynamic inode modes must do the following.
> + *
> + * 1) the direct_IO address_space_operation must be supported in all
> + *    potential a_ops vectors for any mode suported by the inode.
> + * 2) Filesystems must define the lock_mode() and unlock_mode() operations
> + *    in struct inode_operations.  These functions are used by the core
> + *    vfs layers to ensure that the mode is stable before allowing the
> + *    core operations to proceed.
> + * 3) Mode changes shall not be allowed while the file is mmap'ed
> + * 4) While changing modes filesystems should take exclusive locks which
> + *    prevent the core vfs layer from proceeding.
> + *
> + */
>  struct inode_operations {
>  	struct dentry * (*lookup) (struct inode *,struct dentry *, unsigned int);
>  	const char * (*get_link) (struct dentry *, struct inode *, struct delayed_call *);
> @@ -1887,18 +1911,47 @@ struct inode_operations {
>  			   umode_t create_mode);
>  	int (*tmpfile) (struct inode *, struct dentry *, umode_t);
>  	int (*set_acl)(struct inode *, struct posix_acl *, int);
> +	void (*lock_mode)(struct inode*);
> +	void (*unlock_mode)(struct inode*);
>  } ____cacheline_aligned;
>  
> +static inline void lock_inode_mode(struct inode *inode)

inode_aops_get()?

> +{
> +	WARN_ON_ONCE(inode->i_op->lock_mode &&
> +		     !inode->i_op->unlock_mode);
> +	if (inode->i_op->lock_mode)
> +		inode->i_op->lock_mode(inode);
> +}
> +static inline void unlock_inode_mode(struct inode *inode)
> +{
> +	WARN_ON_ONCE(inode->i_op->unlock_mode &&
> +		     !inode->i_op->lock_mode);
> +	if (inode->i_op->unlock_mode)
> +		inode->i_op->unlock_mode(inode);
> +}
> +
>  static inline ssize_t call_read_iter(struct file *file, struct kiocb *kio,
>  				     struct iov_iter *iter)

inode_aops_put()?

--D

>  {
> -	return file->f_op->read_iter(kio, iter);
> +	struct inode		*inode = file_inode(kio->ki_filp);
> +	ssize_t ret;
> +
> +	lock_inode_mode(inode);
> +	ret = file->f_op->read_iter(kio, iter);
> +	unlock_inode_mode(inode);
> +	return ret;
>  }
>  
>  static inline ssize_t call_write_iter(struct file *file, struct kiocb *kio,
>  				      struct iov_iter *iter)
>  {
> -	return file->f_op->write_iter(kio, iter);
> +	struct inode		*inode = file_inode(kio->ki_filp);
> +	ssize_t ret;
> +
> +	lock_inode_mode(inode);
> +	ret = file->f_op->write_iter(kio, iter);
> +	unlock_inode_mode(inode);
> +	return ret;
>  }
>  
>  static inline int call_mmap(struct file *file, struct vm_area_struct *vma)
> diff --git a/mm/fadvise.c b/mm/fadvise.c
> index 4f17c83db575..a4095a5deac8 100644
> --- a/mm/fadvise.c
> +++ b/mm/fadvise.c
> @@ -47,7 +47,10 @@ int generic_fadvise(struct file *file, loff_t offset, loff_t len, int advice)
>  
>  	bdi = inode_to_bdi(mapping->host);
>  
> +	lock_inode_mode(inode);
>  	if (IS_DAX(inode) || (bdi == &noop_backing_dev_info)) {
> +		int ret = 0;
> +
>  		switch (advice) {
>  		case POSIX_FADV_NORMAL:
>  		case POSIX_FADV_RANDOM:
> @@ -58,10 +61,13 @@ int generic_fadvise(struct file *file, loff_t offset, loff_t len, int advice)
>  			/* no bad return value, but ignore advice */
>  			break;
>  		default:
> -			return -EINVAL;
> +			ret = -EINVAL;
>  		}
> -		return 0;
> +
> +		unlock_inode_mode(inode);
> +		return ret;
>  	}
> +	unlock_inode_mode(inode);
>  
>  	/*
>  	 * Careful about overflows. Len == 0 means "as much as possible".  Use
> diff --git a/mm/khugepaged.c b/mm/khugepaged.c
> index b679908743cb..ff49da065db0 100644
> --- a/mm/khugepaged.c
> +++ b/mm/khugepaged.c
> @@ -1592,9 +1592,11 @@ static void collapse_file(struct mm_struct *mm,
>  		} else {	/* !is_shmem */
>  			if (!page || xa_is_value(page)) {
>  				xas_unlock_irq(&xas);
> +				lock_inode_mode(file->f_inode);
>  				page_cache_sync_readahead(mapping, &file->f_ra,
>  							  file, index,
>  							  PAGE_SIZE);
> +				unlock_inode_mode(file->f_inode);
>  				/* drain pagevecs to help isolate_lru_page() */
>  				lru_add_drain();
>  				page = find_lock_page(mapping, index);
> diff --git a/mm/mmap.c b/mm/mmap.c
> index 70f67c4515aa..dfaf1130e706 100644
> --- a/mm/mmap.c
> +++ b/mm/mmap.c
> @@ -1542,11 +1542,18 @@ unsigned long do_mmap(struct file *file, unsigned long addr,
>  			vm_flags |= VM_NORESERVE;
>  	}
>  
> +	if (file)
> +		lock_inode_mode(file_inode(file));
> +
>  	addr = mmap_region(file, addr, len, vm_flags, pgoff, uf);
>  	if (!IS_ERR_VALUE(addr) &&
>  	    ((vm_flags & VM_LOCKED) ||
>  	     (flags & (MAP_POPULATE | MAP_NONBLOCK)) == MAP_POPULATE))
>  		*populate = len;
> +
> +	if (file)
> +		unlock_inode_mode(file_inode(file));
> +
>  	return addr;
>  }
>  
> -- 
> 2.21.0
> 

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