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Date: Fri, 17 Jan 2020 23:54:47 +0100
From: Marco Elver <elver@...gle.com>
To: "Paul E. McKenney" <paulmck@...nel.org>
Cc: Qian Cai <cai@....pw>, Alexander Potapenko <glider@...gle.com>,
Andrey Konovalov <andreyknvl@...gle.com>,
Dmitriy Vyukov <dvyukov@...gle.com>,
kasan-dev <kasan-dev@...glegroups.com>,
LKML <linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org>,
Peter Zijlstra <peterz@...radead.org>,
Ingo Molnar <mingo@...hat.com>, Will Deacon <will@...nel.org>
Subject: Re: [PATCH -rcu] kcsan: Make KCSAN compatible with lockdep
On Fri, 17 Jan 2020 at 17:40, Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@...nel.org> wrote:
>
> On Thu, Jan 16, 2020 at 07:57:30PM +0100, Marco Elver wrote:
> > On Thu, 16 Jan 2020 at 04:39, Qian Cai <cai@....pw> wrote:
> > > > On Jan 15, 2020, at 11:37 AM, Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@...nel.org> wrote:
> > > > On Wed, Jan 15, 2020 at 05:26:55PM +0100, Marco Elver wrote:
> > > >> On Tue, 14 Jan 2020 at 18:24, Alexander Potapenko <glider@...gle.com> wrote:
> > > >>>
> > > >>>> --- a/kernel/kcsan/core.c
> > > >>>> +++ b/kernel/kcsan/core.c
> > > >>>> @@ -337,7 +337,7 @@ kcsan_setup_watchpoint(const volatile void *ptr, size_t size, int type)
> > > >>>> * detection point of view) to simply disable preemptions to ensure
> > > >>>> * as many tasks as possible run on other CPUs.
> > > >>>> */
> > > >>>> - local_irq_save(irq_flags);
> > > >>>> + raw_local_irq_save(irq_flags);
> > > >>>
> > > >>> Please reflect the need to use raw_local_irq_save() in the comment.
> > > >>>
> > > >>>>
> > > >>>> watchpoint = insert_watchpoint((unsigned long)ptr, size, is_write);
> > > >>>> if (watchpoint == NULL) {
> > > >>>> @@ -429,7 +429,7 @@ kcsan_setup_watchpoint(const volatile void *ptr, size_t size, int type)
> > > >>>>
> > > >>>> kcsan_counter_dec(KCSAN_COUNTER_USED_WATCHPOINTS);
> > > >>>> out_unlock:
> > > >>>> - local_irq_restore(irq_flags);
> > > >>>> + raw_local_irq_restore(irq_flags);
> > > >>>
> > > >>> Ditto
> > > >>
> > > >> Done. v2: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200115162512.70807-1-elver@google.com
> > > >
> > > > Alexander and Qian, could you please let me know if this fixes things
> > > > up for you?
> > >
> > > The lockdep warning is gone, so feel free to add,
> > >
> > > Tested-by: Qian Cai <cai@....pw>
> >
> > Thank you for testing!
> >
> > > for that patch, but the system is still unable to boot due to spam of
> > > warnings due to incompatible with debug_pagealloc, debugobjects, so
> > > the warning rate limit does not help.
> >
> > You may also try to set CONFIG_KCSAN_REPORT_ONCE_IN_MS to something
> > large, say 1000000000 (effectively reporting each data race once).
> >
> > That being said, there are 2 options here:
> >
> > Option 1. If that still isn't satisfactory, we can try to make the
> > system somehow tolerate the excessive number of data race reports
> > (there may indeed be other printk limits based on rate or context we
> > are hitting). More important appears to be the below...
> >
> > Option 2. Investigate and fix the bugs, or declare them "benign" to
> > the tool. Compared to option (1) this will have much bigger impact on
> > the kernel, as it not only improves the kernel with all the debugging
> > tools enabled, but more importantly, improves the kernel *without* the
> > debugging tools. This is what should be our goal here.
>
> True enough, but even if we reach the nirvana state where there is general
> agreement on what constitutes a data race in need of fixing and KCSAN
> faithfully checks based on that data-race definition, we need to handle
> the case where someone introduces a bug that results in a destructive
> off-CPU access to a per-CPU variable, which is exactly the sort of thing
> that KCSAN is supposed to detect. But suppose that this variable is
> frequently referenced from functions that are inlined all over the place.
>
> Then that one bug might result in huge numbers of data-race reports in
> a very short period of time, especially on a large system.
>
> So, yes, option 2 is important, but it is in no way a substitute for
> KCSAN doing a good job of handling of option 1.
>
> And given limited console bandwidth, there will be cases where data-race
> reports
> must be dropped. After all, in such cases, the only other option is to
> hang the system. There are ways to reduce the number of such cases, and
> of course your recent (and much appreciated!) patches merging identical
> reports is a great example of this. But Qian's experience indicates that
> this does not cover all cases -- nor would I expect it to have done so.
Agreed. And I'll keep looking into this.
> > With that in mind, I tried to fix debugobjects data races:
> > http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200116185529.11026-1-elver@google.com
> > Feel free to test, and reply to that patch with comments.
>
> Very good!
>
> For my part, I am quite a bit closer to having RCU free of KCSAN reports.
> One of the remaining ones looks related to a bug in rcu_barrier()'s
> handling of no-CBs CPUs that shows up once per few hundred hours
> of rcutorture testing of TREE04. KCSAN did find some real bugs, so
> thank you! Sadly, it does not (yet) find this one, but it does find
> consequences of it, which will at least reduce the testing burden once
> I do get it fixed.
Interesting. I wonder if it doesn't find it because of missing
instrumentation of some arch asm?
Thanks,
-- Marco
> (So, yes, if anyone is seeing rcu_barrier() returning too soon on systems
> with CONFIG_RCU_NOCB_CPU=y on a system whose console output includes the
> string "Offload RCU callbacks from CPUs" with at least one CPU listed
> (as opposed to the string "(none)", please do let me know! My best
> guess is that this was introduced in v5.4.)
>
> Thanx, Paul
>
> > Thanks,
> > -- Marco
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> > > [ 28.992752][ T394] Reported by Kernel Concurrency Sanitizer on:
> > > [ 28.992752][ T394] CPU: 0 PID: 394 Comm: pgdatinit0 Not tainted 5.5.0-rc6-next-20200115+ #3
> > > [ 28.992752][ T394] Hardware name: HP ProLiant XL230a Gen9/ProLiant XL230a Gen9, BIOS U13 01/22/2018
> > > [ 28.992752][ T394] ===============================================================
> > > [ 28.992752][ T394] ==================================================================
> > > [ 28.992752][ T394] BUG: KCSAN: data-race in __change_page_attr / __change_page_attr
> > > [ 28.992752][ T394]
> > > [ 28.992752][ T394] read to 0xffffffffa01a6de0 of 8 bytes by task 395 on cpu 16:
> > > [ 28.992752][ T394] __change_page_attr+0xe81/0x1620
> > > [ 28.992752][ T394] __change_page_attr_set_clr+0xde/0x4c0
> > > [ 28.992752][ T394] __set_pages_np+0xcc/0x100
> > > [ 28.992752][ T394] __kernel_map_pages+0xd6/0xdb
> > > [ 28.992752][ T394] __free_pages_ok+0x1a8/0x730
> > > [ 28.992752][ T394] __free_pages+0x51/0x90
> > > [ 28.992752][ T394] __free_pages_core+0x1c7/0x2c0
> > > [ 28.992752][ T394] deferred_free_range+0x59/0x8f
> > > [ 28.992752][ T394] deferred_init_max21d
> > > [ 28.992752][ T394] deferred_init_memmap+0x14a/0x1c1
> > > [ 28.992752][ T394] kthread+0x1e0/0x200
> > > [ 28.992752][ T394] ret_from_fork+0x3a/0x50
> > > [ 28.992752][ T394]
> > > [ 28.992752][ T394] write to 0xffffffffa01a6de0 of 8 bytes by task 394 on cpu 0:
> > > [ 28.992752][ T394] __change_page_attr+0xe9c/0x1620
> > > [ 28.992752][ T394] __change_page_attr_set_clr+0xde/0x4c0
> > > [ 28.992752][ T394] __set_pages_np+0xcc/0x100
> > > [ 28.992752][ T394] __kernel_map_pages+0xd6/0xdb
> > > [ 28.992752][ T394] __free_pages_ok+0x1a8/0x730
> > > [ 28.992752][ T394] __free_pages+0x51/0x90
> > > [ 28.992752][ T394] __free_pages_core+0x1c7/0x2c0
> > > [ 28.992752][ T394] deferred_free_range+0x59/0x8f
> > > [ 28.992752][ T394] deferred_init_maxorder+0x1d6/0x21d
> > > [ 28.992752][ T394] deferred_init_memmap+0x14a/0x1c1
> > > [ 28.992752][ T394] kthread+0x1e0/0x200
> > > [ 28.992752][ T394] ret_from_fork+0x3a/0x50
> > >
> > >
> > > [ 93.233621][ T349] Reported by Kernel Concurrency Sanitizer on:
> > > [ 93.261902][ T349] CPU: 19 PID: 349 Comm: kworker/19:1 Not tainted 5.5.0-rc6-next-20200115+ #3
> > > [ 93.302634][ T349] Hardware name: HP ProLiant XL230a Gen9/ProLiant XL230a Gen9, BIOS U13 01/22/2018
> > > [ 93.345413][ T349] Workqueue: memcg_kmem_cache memcg_kmem_cache_create_func
> > > [ 93.378715][ T349] ==================================================================
> > > [ 93.416183][ T616] ==================================================================
> > > [ 93.453415][ T616] BUG: KCSAN: data-race in __debug_object_init / fill_pool
> > > [ 93.486775][ T616]
> > > [ 93.497644][ T616] read to 0xffffffff9ff33b78 of 4 bytes by task 617 on cpu 12:
> > > [ 93.534139][ T616] fill_pool+0x38/0x700
> > > [ 93.554913][ T616] __debug_object_init+0x3f/0x900
> > > [ 93.579459][ T616] debug_object_init+0x39/0x50
> > > [ 93.601952][ T616] __init_work+0x3e/0x50
> > > [ 93.620611][ T616] memcg_kmem_get_cache+0x3c8/0x480
> > > [ 93.643619][ T616] slab_pre_alloc_hook+0x5d/0xa0
> > > [ 93.665134][ T616] __kmalloc_node+0x60/0x300
> > > [ 93.685094][ T616] kvmalloc_node+0x83/0xa0
> > > [ 93.704235][ T616] seq_read+0x57c/0x7a0
> > > [ 93.722460][ T616] proc_reg_read+0x11a/0x160
> > > [ 93.743570][ T616] __vfs_read+0x59/0xa0
> > > [ 93.761660][ T616] vfs_read+0xcf/0x1c0
> > > [ 93.779269][ T616] ksys_read+0x9d/0x130
> > > [ 93.797267][ T616] __x64_sys_read+0x4c/0x60
> > > [ 93.817205][ T616] do_syscall_64+0x91/0xb47
> > > [ 93.837590][ T616] entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x49/0xbe
> > > [ 93.864425][ T616]
> > > [ 93.874830][ T616] write to 0xffffffff9ff33b78 of 4 bytes by task 616 on cpu 61:
> > > [ 93.908534][ T616] __debug_object_init+0x6e5/0x900
> > > [ 93.931018][ T616] debug_object_activate+0x1fc/0x350
> > > [ 93.954131][ T616] call_rcu+0x4c/0x4e0
> > > [ 93.971959][ T616] put_object+0x6a/0x90
> > > [ 93.989955][ T616] __delete_object+0xb9/0xf0
> > > [ 94.009996][ T616] delete_object_full+0x2d/0x40
> > > [ 94.031812][ T616] kmemleak_free+0x5f/0x90
> > > [ 94.054671][ T616] slab_free_freelist_hook+0x124/0x1c0
> > > [ 94.082027][ T616] kmem_cache_free+0x10c/0x3a0
> > > [ 94.103806][ T616] vm_area_free+0x31/0x40
> > > [ 94.124587][ T616] remove_vma+0xb0/0xc0
> > > [ 94.143484][ T616] exit_mmap+0x14c/0x220
> > > [ 94.163826][ T616] mmput+0x10e/0x270
> > > [ 94.181736][ T616] flush_old_exec+0x572/0xfe0
> > > [ 94.202760][ T616] load_elf_binary+0x467/0x2180
> > > [ 94.224819][ T616] search_binary_handler+0xd8/0x2b0
> > > [ 94.248735][ T616] __do_execve_file+0xb61/0x1080
> > > [ 94.270943][ T616] __x64_sys_execve+0x5f/0x70
> > > [ 94.292254][ T616] do_syscall_64+0x91/0xb47
> > > [ 94.312712][ T616] entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x49/0xbe
> > >
> > > [ 103.455945][ C22] Reported by Kernel Concurrency Sanitizer on:
> > > [ 103.483032][ C22] CPU: 22 PID: 0 Comm: swapper/22 Not tainted 5.5.0-rc6-next-20200115+ #3
> > > [ 103.520563][ C22] Hardware name: HP ProLiant XL230a Gen9/ProLiant XL230a Gen9, BIOS U13 01/22/2018
> > > [ 103.561771][ C22] ==================================================================
> > > [ 103.598005][ C41] ==================================================================
> > > [ 103.633820][ C41] BUG: KCSAN: data-race in intel_pstate_update_util / intel_pstate_update_util
> > > [ 103.673408][ C41]
> > > [ 103.683214][ C41] read to 0xffffffffa9098a58 of 2 bytes by interrupt on cpu 2:
> > > [ 103.716645][ C41] intel_pstate_update_util+0x580/0xb40
> > > [ 103.740609][ C41] cpufreq_update_util+0xb0/0x160
> > > [ 103.762611][ C41] update_blocked_averages+0x585/0x630
> > > [ 103.786435][ C41] run_rebalance_domains+0xd5/0x240
> > > [ 103.812821][ C41] __do_softirq+0xd9/0x57c
> > > [ 103.834438][ C41] irq_exit+0xa2/0xc0
> > > [ 103.851773][ C41] smp_apic_timer_interrupt+0x190/0x480
> > > [ 103.876005][ C41] apic_timer_interrupt+0xf/0x20
> > > [ 103.897495][ C41] cpuidle_enter_state+0x18a/0x9b0
> > > [ 103.919324][ C41] cpuidle_enter+0x69/0xc0
> > > [ 103.938405][ C41] call_cpuidle+0x23/0x40
> > > [ 103.957152][ C41] do_idle+0x248/0x280
> > > [ 103.974728][ C41] cpu_startup_entry+0x1d/0x1f
> > > [ 103.995059][ C41] start_secondary+0x1ad/0x230
> > > [ 104.015920][ C41] secondary_startup_64+0xb6/0xc0
> > > [ 104.037376][ C41]
> > > [ 104.047144][ C41] write to 0xffffffffa9098a59 of 1 bytes by interrupt on cpu 41:
> > > [ 104.081113][ C41] intel_pstate_update_util+0x4cf/0xb40
> > > [ 104.105862][ C41] cpufreq_update_util+0xb0/0x160
> > > [ 104.127759][ C41] update_load_avg+0x70e/0x800
> > > [ 104.148400][ C41] task_tick_fair+0x5c/0x680
> > > [ 104.168325][ C41] scheduler_tick+0xab/0x120
> > > [ 104.188881][ C41] update_process_times+0x44/0x60
> > > [ 104.210811][ C41] tick_sched_handle+0x4f/0xb0
> > > [ 104.231137][ C41] tick_sched_timer+0x45/0xc0
> > > [ 104.251431][ C41] __hrtimer_run_queues+0x243/0x800
> > > [ 104.274362][ C41] hrtimer_interrupt+0x1d4/0x3e0
> > > [ 104.295860][ C41] smp_apic_timer_interrupt+0x11d/0x480
> > > [ 104.325136][ C41] apic_timer_interrupt+0xf/0x20
> > > [ 104.347864][ C41] __kcsan_check_access+0x1a/0x120
> > > [ 104.370100][ C41] __read_once_size+0x1f/0xe0
> > > [ 104.390064][ C41] smp_call_function_many+0x4b0/0x5d0
> > > [ 104.413591][ C41] on_each_cpu+0x46/0x90
> > > [ 104.431954][ C41] flush_tlb_kernel_range+0x97/0xc0
> > > [ 104.454702][ C41] free_unmap_vmap_area+0xaa/0xe0
> > > [ 104.476699][ C41] remove_vm_area+0xf4/0x100
> > > [ 104.496763][ C41] __vunmap+0x10a/0x460
> > > [ 104.514807][ C41] __vfree+0x33/0x90
> > > [ 104.531597][ C41] vfree+0x47/0x80
> > > [ 104.547600][ C41] n_tty_close+0x56/0x80
> > > [ 104.565988][ C41] tty_ldisc_close+0x76/0xa0
> > > [ 104.585912][ C41] tty_ldisc_kill+0x51/0xa0
> > > [ 104.605864][ C41] tty_ldisc_release+0xf4/0x1a0
> > > [ 104.627098][ C41] tty_release_struct+0x23/0x60
> > > [ 104.648268][ C41] tty_release+0x673/0x9c0
> > > [ 104.667517][ C41] __fput+0x187/0x410
> > > [ 104.684357][ C41] ____fput+0x1e/0x30
> > > [ 104.701542][ C41] task_work_run+0xed/0x140
> > > [ 104.721358][ C41] do_syscall_64+0x803/0xb47
> > > [ 104.740872][ C41] entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x49/0xbe
> > >
> > > [ 136.745789][ C34] Reported by Kernel Concurrency Sanitizer on:
> > > [ 136.774278][ C34] CPU: 34 PID: 0 Comm: swapper/34 Not tainted 5.5.0-rc6-next-20200115+ #3
> > > [ 136.814948][ C34] Hardware name: HP ProLiant XL230a Gen9/ProLiant XL230a Gen9, BIOS U13 01/22/2018
> > > [ 136.861974][ C34] ==================================================================
> > > [ 136.911354][ T1] ==================================================================
> > > [ 136.948491][ T1] BUG: KCSAN: data-race in __debug_object_init / fill_pool
> > > [ 136.981645][ T1]
> > > [ 136.992045][ T1] read to 0xffffffff9ff33b78 of 4 bytes by task 762 on cpu 25:
> > > [ 137.026513][ T1] fill_pool+0x38/0x700
> > > [ 137.045575][ T1] __debug_object_init+0x3f/0x900
> > > [ 137.068826][ T1] debug_object_activate+0x1fc/0x350
> > > [ 137.093102][ T1] call_rcu+0x4c/0x4e0
> > > [ 137.111520][ T1] __fput+0x23a/0x410
> > > [ 137.129618][ T1] ____fput+0x1e/0x30
> > > [ 137.147627][ T1] task_work_run+0xed/0x140
> > > [ 137.168322][ T1] do_syscall_64+0x803/0xb47
> > > [ 137.188572][ T1] entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x49/0xbe
> > > [ 137.215309][ T1]
> > > [ 137.225579][ T1] write to 0xffffffff9ff33b78 of 4 bytes by task 1 on cpu 7:
> > > [ 137.259867][ T1] __debug_object_init+0x6e5/0x900
> > > [ 137.283065][ T1] debug_object_activate+0x1fc/0x350
> > > [ 137.306988][ T1] call_rcu+0x4c/0x4e0
> > > [ 137.326804][ T1] dentry_free+0x70/0xe0
> > > [ 137.347208][ T1] __dentry_kill+0x1db/0x300
> > > [ 137.369468][ T1] shrink_dentry_list+0x153/0x2e0
> > > [ 137.393437][ T1] shrink_dcache_parent+0x1ee/0x320
> > > [ 137.417174][ T1] d_invalidate+0x80/0x130
> > > [ 137.437280][ T1] proc_flush_task+0x14c/0x2b0
> > > [ 137.459263][ T1] release_task.part.21+0x156/0xb50
> > > [ 137.483580][ T1] wait_consider_task+0x17a8/0x1960
> > > [ 137.507550][ T1] do_wait+0x25b/0x560
> > > [ 137.526175][ T1] kernel_waitid+0x194/0x270
> > > [ 137.547105][ T1] __do_sys_waitid+0x18e/0x1e0
> > > [ 137.568951][ T1] __x64_sys_waitid+0x70/0x90
> > > [ 137.590291][ T1] do_syscall_64+0x91/0xb47
> > > [ 137.610681][ T1] entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x49/0xbe
> > >
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