linux-kernel - Re: [PATCH] mm: fix a data race in put

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Date:   Mon, 10 Feb 2020 08:36:09 -0500
From:   Qian Cai <cai@....pw>
To:     Marco Elver <elver@...gle.com>
Cc:     John Hubbard <jhubbard@...dia.com>, Jan Kara <jack@...e.cz>,
        David Hildenbrand <david@...hat.com>,
        Andrew Morton <akpm@...ux-foundation.org>, ira.weiny@...el.com,
        Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@...el.com>,
        Linux Memory Management List <linux-mm@...ck.org>,
        Linux Kernel Mailing List <linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org>,
        "Paul E. McKenney" <paulmck@...nel.org>,
        kasan-dev <kasan-dev@...glegroups.com>
Subject: Re: [PATCH] mm: fix a data race in put_page()

On Mon, 2020-02-10 at 13:58 +0100, Marco Elver wrote:
> On Mon, 10 Feb 2020 at 13:16, Qian Cai <cai@....pw> wrote:
> > 
> > 
> > 
> > > On Feb 10, 2020, at 2:48 AM, Marco Elver <elver@...gle.com> wrote:
> > > 
> > > Here is an alternative:
> > > 
> > > Let's say KCSAN gives you this:
> > >   /* ... Assert that the bits set in mask are not written
> > > concurrently; they may still be read concurrently.
> > >     The access that immediately follows is assumed to access those
> > > bits and safe w.r.t. data races.
> > > 
> > >     For example, this may be used when certain bits of @flags may
> > > only be modified when holding the appropriate lock,
> > >     but other bits may still be modified locklessly.
> > >   ...
> > >  */
> > >   #define ASSERT_EXCLUSIVE_BITS(flags, mask)   ....
> > > 
> > > Then we can write page_zonenum as follows:
> > > 
> > > static inline enum zone_type page_zonenum(const struct page *page)
> > > {
> > > +       ASSERT_EXCLUSIVE_BITS(page->flags, ZONES_MASK << ZONES_PGSHIFT);
> > >        return (page->flags >> ZONES_PGSHIFT) & ZONES_MASK;
> > > }
> > > 
> > > This will accomplish the following:
> > > 1. The current code is not touched, and we do not have to verify that
> > > the change is correct without KCSAN.
> > > 2. We're not introducing a bunch of special macros to read bits in various ways.
> > > 3. KCSAN will assume that the access is safe, and no data race report
> > > is generated.
> > > 4. If somebody modifies ZONES bits concurrently, KCSAN will tell you
> > > about the race.
> > > 5. We're documenting the code.
> > > 
> > > Anything I missed?
> > 
> > I don’t know. Having to write the same line twice does not feel me any better than data_race() with commenting occasionally.
> 
> Point 4 above: While data_race() will ignore cause KCSAN to not report
> the data race, now you might be missing a real bug: if somebody
> concurrently modifies the bits accessed, you want to know about it!
> Either way, it's up to you to add the ASSERT_EXCLUSIVE_BITS, but just
> remember that if you decide to silence it with data_race(), you need
> to be sure there are no concurrent writers to those bits.

Right, in this case, there is no concurrent writers to those bits, so I'll add a
comment should be sufficient. However, I'll keep ASSERT_EXCLUSIVE_BITS() in mind
for other places.

> 
> There is no way to automatically infer all over the kernel which bits
> we care about, and the most reliable is to be explicit about it. I
> don't see a problem with it per se.
> 
> Thanks,
> -- Marco