linux-kernel - Re: BLKSECDISCARD ioctl and hung tasks

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Date:   Thu, 13 Feb 2020 16:26:43 +0800
From:   Ming Lei <ming.lei@...hat.com>
To:     Salman Qazi <sqazi@...gle.com>
Cc:     Jens Axboe <axboe@...nel.dk>, Bart Van Assche <bvanassche@....org>,
        Christoph Hellwig <hch@....de>,
        Linux Kernel Mailing List <linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org>,
        linux-block@...r.kernel.org, Gwendal Grignou <gwendal@...gle.com>,
        Jesse Barnes <jsbarnes@...gle.com>
Subject: Re: BLKSECDISCARD ioctl and hung tasks

On Wed, Feb 12, 2020 at 02:27:09PM -0800, Salman Qazi wrote:
> Hi,
> 
> So, here's another issue that we are grappling with, where we have a
> root-cause but don't currently have a good fix for.  BLKSECDISCARD is
> an operation used for securely destroying a subset of the data on a
> device.  Unfortunately, on SSDs, this is an operation with variable
> performance.  It can be O(minutes) in the worst case.  The
> pathological case is when many erase blocks on the flash contain a
> small amount of data that is part of the discard and a large amount of
> data that isn't.  In such cases, the erase blocks have to be copied
> almost in entirety to fresh blocks, in order to erase the sectors to
> be discarded. This can be thought of as a defragmentation operation on
> the drive and can be expected to cost in the same ballpark as
> rewriting most of the contents of the drive.
> 
> Therefore, it is possible for the thread waiting in the IOCTL in
> submit_bio_wait call in blkdev_issue_discard to wait for several
> minutes.  The hung task watchdog is usually configured for 2 minutes,
> and this can expire before the operation finishes.
> 
> This operation is very important to the security model of Chrome OS
> devices.  Therefore, we would like the kernel to survive this even if
> it takes several minutes.
> 
> Three approaches come to mind:
> 
> One approach is to somehow avoid waiting for a single monolithic
> operation and instead wait on bits and pieces of the operation.  These
> can be sized to finish within a reasonable timeframe.  The exact size
> is likely device-specific.  We already split these operations before
> issuing to the device, but the IOCTL thread is waiting for the whole
> rather than the parts. The hung task watchdog only sees the total
> amount of time the thread slept and not the forward progress taking
> place quietly.
> 
> Another approach might be to do something in the spirit of the write
> system call: complete the partial operation (whatever the kernel
> thinks is reasonable), adjust the IOCTL argument and have the
> userspace reissue the syscall to continue the operation.  The second
> option should probably be done with a different IOCTL name to avoid
> breaking userspace.
> 
> A third approach, which is perhaps more adventurous, is to have a
> notion of forward progress that a thread can export and the hung task
> watchdog can evaluate.  This can take the form of a function pointer
> and an argument.  The result of the function is a monotonically
> decreasing unsigned value.  When this value stops changing, we can
> conclude that the thread is hung.  This can be used in place of
> context switch count for tasks where this function is available.  This
> can potentially solve other similar issues, there is a way to tell if
> there is forward progress, but it is not as straightforward as the
> context switch count.
> 
> What are your thoughts?

The approach used in blk_execute_rq() can be borrowed for workaround the
issue, such as:

diff --git a/block/bio.c b/block/bio.c
index 94d697217887..c9ce19a86de7 100644
--- a/block/bio.c
+++ b/block/bio.c
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 #include <linux/cgroup.h>
 #include <linux/blk-cgroup.h>
 #include <linux/highmem.h>
+#include <linux/sched/sysctl.h>
 
 #include <trace/events/block.h>
 #include "blk.h"
@@ -1019,12 +1020,19 @@ static void submit_bio_wait_endio(struct bio *bio)
 int submit_bio_wait(struct bio *bio)
 {
 	DECLARE_COMPLETION_ONSTACK_MAP(done, bio->bi_disk->lockdep_map);
+	unsigned long hang_check;
 
 	bio->bi_private = &done;
 	bio->bi_end_io = submit_bio_wait_endio;
 	bio->bi_opf |= REQ_SYNC;
 	submit_bio(bio);
-	wait_for_completion_io(&done);
+
+	/* Prevent hang_check timer from firing at us during very long I/O */
+	hang_check = sysctl_hung_task_timeout_secs;
+	if (hang_check)
+		while (!wait_for_completion_io_timeout(&done, hang_check * (HZ/2)));
+	else
+		wait_for_completion_io(&done);
 
 	return blk_status_to_errno(bio->bi_status);
 }

thanks,
Ming