Date:   Wed, 1 Apr 2020 13:44:19 +0530
From:   Anshuman Khandual <anshuman.khandual@....com>
To:     Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@....com>
Cc:     Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@....com>,
        Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@...hat.com>,
        Suzuki Poulose <suzuki.poulose@....com>,
        Marc Zyngier <marc.zyngier@....com>,
        linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org, linux-mm@...ck.org,
        Will Deacon <will@...nel.org>,
        linux-arm-kernel@...ts.infradead.org
Subject: Re: [RFC 1/2] arm64/mm: Change THP helpers to comply with generic MM
 semantics



On 07/08/2019 09:57 AM, Anshuman Khandual wrote:
> 
> On 07/03/2019 11:22 PM, Catalin Marinas wrote:
>> On Tue, Jul 02, 2019 at 09:07:28AM +0530, Anshuman Khandual wrote:
>>> On 06/28/2019 03:50 PM, Catalin Marinas wrote:
>>>> On Thu, Jun 27, 2019 at 06:18:15PM +0530, Anshuman Khandual wrote:
>>>>> pmd_present() and pmd_trans_huge() are expected to behave in the following
>>>>> manner during various phases of a given PMD. It is derived from a previous
>>>>> detailed discussion on this topic [1] and present THP documentation [2].
>>>>>
>>>>> pmd_present(pmd):
>>>>>
>>>>> - Returns true if pmd refers to system RAM with a valid pmd_page(pmd)
>>>>> - Returns false if pmd does not refer to system RAM - Invalid pmd_page(pmd)
>>>>>
>>>>> pmd_trans_huge(pmd):
>>>>>
>>>>> - Returns true if pmd refers to system RAM and is a trans huge mapping
>> [...]
>>>> Before we actually start fixing this, I would strongly suggest that you
>>>> add a boot selftest (see lib/Kconfig.debug for other similar cases)
>>>> which checks the consistency of the page table macros w.r.t. the
>>>> expected mm semantics. Once the mm maintainers agreed with the
>>>> semantics, it will really help architecture maintainers in implementing
>>>> them correctly.
>>> Sure and it will help all architectures to be in sync wrt semantics.
>>>
>>>> You wouldn't need actual page tables, just things like assertions on
>>>> pmd_trans_huge(pmd_mkhuge(pmd)) == true. You could go further and have
>>>> checks on pmdp_invalidate(&dummy_vma, dummy_addr, &dummy_pmd) with the
>>>> dummy_* variables on the stack.
>>> Hmm. I guess macros which operate directly on a page table entry will be
>>> okay but the ones which check on specific states for VMA or MM might be
>>> bit tricky. Try to emulate VMA/MM states while on stack ?. But sure, will
>>> explore adding such a test.
>> You can pretend that the page table is on the stack. See the _pmd
>> variable in do_huge_pmd_wp_page_fallback() and
>> __split_huge_zero_page_pmd(). Similarly, the vma and even the mm can be
>> faked on the stack (see the arm64 tlb_flush()).
> Sure will explore them and other similar examples. I am already working on a module
> which will test various architecture page table accessors semantics as expected from
> generic MM. This should help us making sure that all architectures are on same page.
> 
>>>>> The problem:
>>>>>
>>>>> PMD is first invalidated with pmdp_invalidate() before it's splitting. This
>>>>> invalidation clears PMD_SECT_VALID as below.
>>>>>
>>>>> PMD Split -> pmdp_invalidate() -> pmd_mknotpresent -> Clears PMD_SECT_VALID
>>>>>
>>>>> Once PMD_SECT_VALID gets cleared, it results in pmd_present() return false
>>>>> on the PMD entry.
>>>> I think that's an inconsistency in the expected semantics here. Do you
>>>> mean that pmd_present(pmd_mknotpresent(pmd)) should be true? If not, do
>> [...]
>>> pmd_present() and pmd_mknotpresent() are not exact inverse.
>> I find this very confusing (not your fault, just the semantics expected
>> by the core code). I can see that x86 is using _PAGE_PSE to make
>> pmd_present(pmd_mknotpresent()) == true. However, for pud that's not the
>> case (because it's not used for transhuge).
>>
>> I'd rather have this renamed to pmd_mknotvalid().
> Right, it makes sense to do the renaming even without considering this proposal.
> 
>>> In absence of a positive section mapping bit on arm64, PTE_SPECIAL is being set
>>> temporarily to remember that it was a mapped PMD which got invalidated recently
>>> but which still points to memory. Hence pmd_present() must evaluate true.
>> I wonder if we can encode this safely for arm64 in the bottom two bits
>> of a pmd :
>>
>> 0b00 - not valid, not present
>> 0b10 - not valid, present, huge
>> 0b01 - valid, present, huge
>> 0b11 - valid, table (not huge)
>>
>> Do we ever call pmdp_invalidate() on a table entry? I don't think we do.
>>
>> So a pte_mknotvalid would set bit 1 and I think swp_entry_to_pmd() would
>> have to clear it so that pmd_present() actually returns false for a swp
>> pmd entry.
> All these makes it riskier for collision with other core MM paths as compared to
> using a an isolated SW bit like PTE_SPECIAL exclusively for this purpose. This
> is in line with using PTE_PROTNONE. PTE_SPECIAL seems to be well away from core
> PMD path. Is there any particular concern about using PTE_SPECIAL ? Nonetheless
> I will evaluate above proposal of using (0b10) to represent invalid but present
> huge PMD entry during splitting.

Tried to implement the proposed encoding scheme from Catalin and it does
seem to work with (or even without) clearing the PMD_TABLE_BIT bit during
__swp_entry_to_pmd(). It clears basic memory stress test with THP enabled.

0b00 - not valid, not present
0b10 - not valid, present, huge		/* Invalidated splitting PMD */
0b01 - valid, present, huge		/* Valid mapped PMD */
0b11 - valid, table (not huge)

Will continue testing this change.

----------->
>From 9593fb80eb41984de484fd151cd1140f4cbead7e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Anshuman Khandual <anshuman.khandual@....com>
Date: Tue, 31 Mar 2020 11:38:53 +0100
Subject: [PATCH] arm64/mm: Change THP helpers to comply with generic MM
 semantics

Signed-off-by: Anshuman Khandual <anshuman.khandual@....com>
---
 arch/arm64/include/asm/pgtable.h | 74 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++----
 arch/arm64/mm/hugetlbpage.c      |  2 +-
 2 files changed, 67 insertions(+), 9 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/arm64/include/asm/pgtable.h b/arch/arm64/include/asm/pgtable.h
index 44883038dbe6..86c22a4fa427 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/include/asm/pgtable.h
+++ b/arch/arm64/include/asm/pgtable.h
@@ -348,15 +348,72 @@ static inline int pmd_protnone(pmd_t pmd)
 }
 #endif
 
+#define pmd_table(pmd)		((pmd_val(pmd) & PMD_TYPE_MASK) == \
+				 PMD_TYPE_TABLE)
+#define pmd_sect(pmd)		((pmd_val(pmd) & PMD_TYPE_MASK) == \
+				 PMD_TYPE_SECT)
+static pmd_t pmd_mksplitting(pmd_t pmd)
+{
+	unsigned long mask = PMD_TYPE_MASK;
+	unsigned long val = pmd_val(pmd);
+
+	val = (val & ~mask) | PMD_TABLE_BIT;
+
+	return __pmd(val);
+}
+
+static bool pmd_splitting(pmd_t pmd)
+{
+	unsigned long mask = PMD_TYPE_MASK;
+	unsigned long val = pmd_val(pmd);
+
+	if ((val & mask) == PMD_TABLE_BIT)
+		return true;
+
+	return false;
+}
+
+static bool pmd_mapped(pmd_t pmd)
+{
+	return pmd_sect(pmd);
+}
+
+static inline int pmd_present(pmd_t pmd)
+{
+	pte_t pte = pmd_pte(pmd);
+
+	if (pte_present(pte))
+		return 1;
+
+	if (pmd_splitting(pmd))
+		return 1;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
 /*
  * THP definitions.
  */
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE
-#define pmd_trans_huge(pmd)	(pmd_val(pmd) && !(pmd_val(pmd) & PMD_TABLE_BIT))
+static inline int pmd_trans_huge(pmd_t pmd)
+{
+	if (!pmd_present(pmd))
+		return 0;
+
+	if (!pmd_val(pmd))
+		return 0;
+
+	if (pmd_mapped(pmd))
+		return 1;
+
+	if (pmd_splitting(pmd))
+		return 1;
+
+	return 0;
+}
 #endif /* CONFIG_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE */
 
-#define pmd_present(pmd)	pte_present(pmd_pte(pmd))
 #define pmd_dirty(pmd)		pte_dirty(pmd_pte(pmd))
 #define pmd_young(pmd)		pte_young(pmd_pte(pmd))
 #define pmd_valid(pmd)		pte_valid(pmd_pte(pmd))
@@ -366,7 +423,12 @@ static inline int pmd_protnone(pmd_t pmd)
 #define pmd_mkclean(pmd)	pte_pmd(pte_mkclean(pmd_pte(pmd)))
 #define pmd_mkdirty(pmd)	pte_pmd(pte_mkdirty(pmd_pte(pmd)))
 #define pmd_mkyoung(pmd)	pte_pmd(pte_mkyoung(pmd_pte(pmd)))
-#define pmd_mknotvalid(pmd)	(__pmd(pmd_val(pmd) & ~PMD_SECT_VALID))
+
+static inline pmd_t pmd_mknotvalid(pmd_t pmd)
+{
+	BUG_ON(pmd_table(pmd));
+	return pmd_mksplitting(pmd);
+}
 
 #define pmd_thp_or_huge(pmd)	(pmd_huge(pmd) || pmd_trans_huge(pmd))
 
@@ -437,10 +499,6 @@ extern pgprot_t phys_mem_access_prot(struct file *file, unsigned long pfn,
 
 #define pmd_bad(pmd)		(!(pmd_val(pmd) & PMD_TABLE_BIT))
 
-#define pmd_table(pmd)		((pmd_val(pmd) & PMD_TYPE_MASK) == \
-				 PMD_TYPE_TABLE)
-#define pmd_sect(pmd)		((pmd_val(pmd) & PMD_TYPE_MASK) == \
-				 PMD_TYPE_SECT)
 #define pmd_leaf(pmd)		pmd_sect(pmd)
 
 #if defined(CONFIG_ARM64_64K_PAGES) || CONFIG_PGTABLE_LEVELS < 3
@@ -834,7 +892,7 @@ static inline pmd_t pmdp_establish(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_ARCH_ENABLE_THP_MIGRATION
 #define __pmd_to_swp_entry(pmd)        ((swp_entry_t) { pmd_val(pmd) })
-#define __swp_entry_to_pmd(swp)        __pmd((swp).val)
+#define __swp_entry_to_pmd(swp)        __pmd((swp).val & ~PMD_TABLE_BIT)
 #endif
 
 /*
diff --git a/arch/arm64/mm/hugetlbpage.c b/arch/arm64/mm/hugetlbpage.c
index bbeb6a5a6ba6..056fe716b9f8 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/mm/hugetlbpage.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/mm/hugetlbpage.c
@@ -283,7 +283,7 @@ pte_t *huge_pte_offset(struct mm_struct *mm,
 	if (!(sz == PMD_SIZE || sz == CONT_PMD_SIZE) &&
 	    pmd_none(pmd))
 		return NULL;
-	if (pmd_huge(pmd) || !pmd_present(pmd))
+	if (pmd_huge(pmd) || !pte_present(pmd_pte(pmd)))
 		return (pte_t *)pmdp;
 
 	if (sz == CONT_PTE_SIZE)
-- 
2.20.1

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