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Message-ID: <6dbae682-e805-5567-39bd-4434d2cb9759@digikod.net>
Date: Wed, 13 May 2020 13:09:26 +0200
From: Mickaël Salaün <mic@...ikod.net>
To: Kees Cook <keescook@...omium.org>
Cc: linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org, Aleksa Sarai <cyphar@...har.com>,
Alexei Starovoitov <ast@...nel.org>,
Al Viro <viro@...iv.linux.org.uk>,
Andy Lutomirski <luto@...nel.org>,
Christian Heimes <christian@...hon.org>,
Daniel Borkmann <daniel@...earbox.net>,
Deven Bowers <deven.desai@...ux.microsoft.com>,
Eric Chiang <ericchiang@...gle.com>,
Florian Weimer <fweimer@...hat.com>,
James Morris <jmorris@...ei.org>, Jan Kara <jack@...e.cz>,
Jann Horn <jannh@...gle.com>, Jonathan Corbet <corbet@....net>,
Lakshmi Ramasubramanian <nramas@...ux.microsoft.com>,
Matthew Garrett <mjg59@...gle.com>,
Matthew Wilcox <willy@...radead.org>,
Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@...il.com>,
Mickaël Salaün <mickael.salaun@....gouv.fr>,
Mimi Zohar <zohar@...ux.ibm.com>,
Philippe Trébuchet
<philippe.trebuchet@....gouv.fr>,
Scott Shell <scottsh@...rosoft.com>,
Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@...el.com>,
Shuah Khan <shuah@...nel.org>,
Steve Dower <steve.dower@...hon.org>,
Steve Grubb <sgrubb@...hat.com>,
Thibaut Sautereau <thibaut.sautereau@....gouv.fr>,
Vincent Strubel <vincent.strubel@....gouv.fr>,
kernel-hardening@...ts.openwall.com, linux-api@...r.kernel.org,
linux-integrity@...r.kernel.org,
linux-security-module@...r.kernel.org,
linux-fsdevel@...r.kernel.org
Subject: Re: [PATCH v5 3/6] fs: Enable to enforce noexec mounts or file exec
through O_MAYEXEC
On 12/05/2020 23:48, Kees Cook wrote:
> On Tue, May 05, 2020 at 05:31:53PM +0200, Mickaël Salaün wrote:
>> Enable to forbid access to files open with O_MAYEXEC. Thanks to the
>> noexec option from the underlying VFS mount, or to the file execute
>> permission, userspace can enforce these execution policies. This may
>> allow script interpreters to check execution permission before reading
>> commands from a file, or dynamic linkers to allow shared object loading.
>
> Some language tailoring. I might change the first sentence to:
>
> Allow for the enforcement of the O_MAYEXEC openat2(2) flag.
OK
>
>> Add a new sysctl fs.open_mayexec_enforce to enable system administrators
>> to enforce two complementary security policies according to the
>> installed system: enforce the noexec mount option, and enforce
>> executable file permission. Indeed, because of compatibility with
>> installed systems, only system administrators are able to check that
>> this new enforcement is in line with the system mount points and file
>> permissions. A following patch adds documentation.
>>
>> For tailored Linux distributions, it is possible to enforce such
>> restriction at build time thanks to the CONFIG_OMAYEXEC_STATIC option.
>> The policy can then be configured with CONFIG_OMAYEXEC_ENFORCE_MOUNT and
>> CONFIG_OMAYEXEC_ENFORCE_FILE.
>
> OMAYEXEC feels like the wrong name here. Maybe something closer to the
> sysctl name? CONFIG_OPEN_MAYEXEC?
>
> And I think it's not needed to have 3 configs for this. That's a lot of
> mess for a corner case option. I think I would model this after other
> sysctl CONFIGs, and just call this CONFIG_OPEN_MAYEXEC_DEFAULT.
OK, I guess you mean to store the default integer value of the sysctl in
this config option.
>
> Is _disabling_ the sysctl needed? This patch gets much smaller without
> the ..._STATIC bit. (And can we avoid "static", it means different
> things to different people. How about invert the logic and call it
> CONFIG_OPEN_MAYEXEC_SYSCTL?)
I added this in response to James's comment:
https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/alpine.LRH.2.21.2005020405210.5924@namei.org/
I'm fine to let the sysctl visible whatever the kernel config is. It
makes the code simpler. I guess tailored security distros already
protect sysctl entries anyway.
>
> Further notes below...
>
>> [...]
>> diff --git a/fs/namei.c b/fs/namei.c
>> index 33b6d372e74a..70f179f6bc6c 100644
>> --- a/fs/namei.c
>> +++ b/fs/namei.c
>> @@ -39,6 +39,7 @@
>> #include <linux/bitops.h>
>> #include <linux/init_task.h>
>> #include <linux/uaccess.h>
>> +#include <linux/sysctl.h>
>>
>> #include "internal.h"
>> #include "mount.h"
>> @@ -411,10 +412,90 @@ static int sb_permission(struct super_block *sb, struct inode *inode, int mask)
>> return 0;
>> }
>>
>> +#define OMAYEXEC_ENFORCE_NONE 0
>
> Like the CONFIG, I'd stay close to the sysctl, OPEN_MAYEXEC_ENFORCE_...
>
>> +#define OMAYEXEC_ENFORCE_MOUNT (1 << 0)
>> +#define OMAYEXEC_ENFORCE_FILE (1 << 1)
>
> Please use BIT(0), BIT(1)...
>
>> +#define _OMAYEXEC_LAST OMAYEXEC_ENFORCE_FILE
>> +#define _OMAYEXEC_MASK ((_OMAYEXEC_LAST << 1) - 1)
>> +
>> +#ifdef CONFIG_OMAYEXEC_STATIC
>> +const int sysctl_omayexec_enforce =
>> +#ifdef CONFIG_OMAYEXEC_ENFORCE_MOUNT
>> + OMAYEXEC_ENFORCE_MOUNT |
>> +#endif
>> +#ifdef CONFIG_OMAYEXEC_ENFORCE_FILE
>> + OMAYEXEC_ENFORCE_FILE |
>> +#endif
>> + OMAYEXEC_ENFORCE_NONE;
>> +#else /* CONFIG_OMAYEXEC_STATIC */
>> +int sysctl_omayexec_enforce __read_mostly = OMAYEXEC_ENFORCE_NONE;
>> +#endif /* CONFIG_OMAYEXEC_STATIC */
>
>
> If you keep CONFIG_OPEN_MAYEXEC_SYSCTL, you could do this in namei.h:
>
> #ifdef CONFIG_OPEN_MAYEXEC_SYSCTL
> #define __sysctl_writable __read_mostly
> #else
> #define __sysctl_write const
> #endif
>
> Then with my proposed change to the enforce CONFIG, all of this is
> reduced to simply:
>
> int open_mayexec_enforce __sysctl_writable = CONFIG_OPEN_MAYEXEC_DEFAULT;
Except the position of the const, this is clearer indeed.
>
>> +
>> +/*
>> + * Handle open_mayexec_enforce sysctl
>> + */
>> +#if defined(CONFIG_SYSCTL) && !defined(CONFIG_OMAYEXEC_STATIC)
>> +int proc_omayexec(struct ctl_table *table, int write, void __user *buffer,
>> + size_t *lenp, loff_t *ppos)
>> +{
>> + int error;
>> +
>> + if (write) {
>> + struct ctl_table table_copy;
>> + int tmp_mayexec_enforce;
>> +
>> + if (!capable(CAP_MAC_ADMIN))
>> + return -EPERM;
>> +
>> + tmp_mayexec_enforce = *((int *)table->data);
>> + table_copy = *table;
>> + /* Do not erase sysctl_omayexec_enforce. */
>> + table_copy.data = &tmp_mayexec_enforce;
>> + error = proc_dointvec(&table_copy, write, buffer, lenp, ppos);
>> + if (error)
>> + return error;
>> +
>> + if ((tmp_mayexec_enforce | _OMAYEXEC_MASK) != _OMAYEXEC_MASK)
>> + return -EINVAL;
>> +
>> + *((int *)table->data) = tmp_mayexec_enforce;
>> + } else {
>> + error = proc_dointvec(table, write, buffer, lenp, ppos);
>> + if (error)
>> + return error;
>> + }
>> + return 0;
>> +}
>> +#endif
>
> I don't think any of this is needed. There are no complex bit field
> interactions to check for. The sysctl is min=0, max=3. The only thing
> special here is checking CAP_MAC_ADMIN. I would just add
> proc_dointvec_minmax_macadmin(), like we have for ..._minmax_sysadmin().
OK
>
>> +
>> +/**
>> + * omayexec_inode_permission - Check O_MAYEXEC before accessing an inode
>> + *
>> + * @inode: Inode to check permission on
>> + * @mask: Right to check for (%MAY_OPENEXEC, %MAY_EXECMOUNT, %MAY_EXEC)
>> + *
>> + * Returns 0 if access is permitted, -EACCES otherwise.
>> + */
>> +static inline int omayexec_inode_permission(struct inode *inode, int mask)
>> +{
>> + if (!(mask & MAY_OPENEXEC))
>> + return 0;
>> +
>> + if ((sysctl_omayexec_enforce & OMAYEXEC_ENFORCE_MOUNT) &&
>> + !(mask & MAY_EXECMOUNT))
>> + return -EACCES;
>> +
>> + if (sysctl_omayexec_enforce & OMAYEXEC_ENFORCE_FILE)
>> + return generic_permission(inode, MAY_EXEC);
>> +
>> + return 0;
>> +}
>
> More naming nits: I think this should be called may_openexec() to match
> the other may_*() functions.
Other *_inode_permission() functions have a similar meaning and the same
signature. The may_*() functions have various signatures. What do the
filesystem folks prefer?
>
>> +
>> /**
>> * inode_permission - Check for access rights to a given inode
>> * @inode: Inode to check permission on
>> - * @mask: Right to check for (%MAY_READ, %MAY_WRITE, %MAY_EXEC)
>> + * @mask: Right to check for (%MAY_READ, %MAY_WRITE, %MAY_EXEC, %MAY_OPENEXEC,
>> + * %MAY_EXECMOUNT)
>> *
>> * Check for read/write/execute permissions on an inode. We use fs[ug]id for
>> * this, letting us set arbitrary permissions for filesystem access without
>> @@ -454,6 +535,10 @@ int inode_permission(struct inode *inode, int mask)
>> if (retval)
>> return retval;
>>
>> + retval = omayexec_inode_permission(inode, mask);
>> + if (retval)
>> + return retval;
>> +
>> return security_inode_permission(inode, mask);
>> }
>> EXPORT_SYMBOL(inode_permission);
>> diff --git a/include/linux/fs.h b/include/linux/fs.h
>> index 79435fca6c3e..39c80a64d054 100644
>> --- a/include/linux/fs.h
>> +++ b/include/linux/fs.h
>> @@ -83,6 +83,9 @@ extern int sysctl_protected_symlinks;
>> extern int sysctl_protected_hardlinks;
>> extern int sysctl_protected_fifos;
>> extern int sysctl_protected_regular;
>> +#ifndef CONFIG_OMAYEXEC_STATIC
>> +extern int sysctl_omayexec_enforce;
>> +#endif
>
> Now there's no need to wrap this in ifdef.
Right, if the sysctl can't be disabled with a kernel configuration.
>
>>
>> typedef __kernel_rwf_t rwf_t;
>>
>> @@ -3545,6 +3548,8 @@ int proc_nr_dentry(struct ctl_table *table, int write,
>> void __user *buffer, size_t *lenp, loff_t *ppos);
>> int proc_nr_inodes(struct ctl_table *table, int write,
>> void __user *buffer, size_t *lenp, loff_t *ppos);
>> +int proc_omayexec(struct ctl_table *table, int write, void __user *buffer,
>> + size_t *lenp, loff_t *ppos);
>> int __init get_filesystem_list(char *buf);
>>
>> #define __FMODE_EXEC ((__force int) FMODE_EXEC)
>> diff --git a/kernel/sysctl.c b/kernel/sysctl.c
>> index 8a176d8727a3..29bbf79f444c 100644
>> --- a/kernel/sysctl.c
>> +++ b/kernel/sysctl.c
>> @@ -1892,6 +1892,15 @@ static struct ctl_table fs_table[] = {
>> .extra1 = SYSCTL_ZERO,
>> .extra2 = &two,
>> },
>> +#ifndef CONFIG_OMAYEXEC_STATIC
>> + {
>> + .procname = "open_mayexec_enforce",
>> + .data = &sysctl_omayexec_enforce,
>> + .maxlen = sizeof(int),
>> + .mode = 0600,
>> + .proc_handler = proc_omayexec,
>
> This can just be min/max of 0/3 with a new macadmin handler.
OK
>
>> + },
>> +#endif
>> #if defined(CONFIG_BINFMT_MISC) || defined(CONFIG_BINFMT_MISC_MODULE)
>> {
>> .procname = "binfmt_misc",
>> diff --git a/security/Kconfig b/security/Kconfig
>> index cd3cc7da3a55..d8fac9240d14 100644
>> --- a/security/Kconfig
>> +++ b/security/Kconfig
>> @@ -230,6 +230,32 @@ config STATIC_USERMODEHELPER_PATH
>> If you wish for all usermode helper programs to be disabled,
>> specify an empty string here (i.e. "").
>>
>> +menuconfig OMAYEXEC_STATIC
>> + tristate "Configure O_MAYEXEC behavior at build time"
>> + ---help---
>> + Enable to enforce O_MAYEXEC at build time, and disable the dedicated
>> + fs.open_mayexec_enforce sysctl.
>> +
>> + See Documentation/admin-guide/sysctl/fs.rst for more details.
>> +
>> +if OMAYEXEC_STATIC
>> +
>> +config OMAYEXEC_ENFORCE_MOUNT
>> + bool "Mount restriction"
>> + default y
>> + ---help---
>> + Forbid opening files with the O_MAYEXEC option if their underlying VFS is
>> + mounted with the noexec option or if their superblock forbids execution
>> + of its content (e.g., /proc).
>> +
>> +config OMAYEXEC_ENFORCE_FILE
>> + bool "File permission restriction"
>> + ---help---
>> + Forbid opening files with the O_MAYEXEC option if they are not marked as
>> + executable for the current process (e.g., POSIX permissions).
>> +
>> +endif # OMAYEXEC_STATIC
>> +
>> source "security/selinux/Kconfig"
>> source "security/smack/Kconfig"
>> source "security/tomoyo/Kconfig"
>> --
>> 2.26.2
>>
>
> Otherwise, yeah, the intent here looks good to me.
>
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