Date:   Fri, 15 May 2020 19:56:44 +0300
From:   Amir Goldstein <amir73il@...il.com>
To:     Jeff Layton <jlayton@...nel.org>
Cc:     Luis Henriques <lhenriques@...e.com>,
        Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@...il.com>, ceph-devel@...r.kernel.org,
        linux-kernel <linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org>,
        fstests <fstests@...r.kernel.org>,
        Dave Chinner <dchinner@...hat.com>,
        Christoph Hellwig <hch@....de>,
        Miklos Szeredi <miklos@...redi.hu>
Subject: Re: [PATCH] ceph: don't return -ESTALE if there's still an open file

On Fri, May 15, 2020 at 2:38 PM Jeff Layton <jlayton@...nel.org> wrote:
>
> On Fri, 2020-05-15 at 12:15 +0100, Luis Henriques wrote:
> > On Fri, May 15, 2020 at 09:42:24AM +0300, Amir Goldstein wrote:
> > > +CC: fstests
> > >
> > > On Thu, May 14, 2020 at 4:15 PM Jeff Layton <jlayton@...nel.org> wrote:
> > > > On Thu, 2020-05-14 at 13:48 +0100, Luis Henriques wrote:
> > > > > On Thu, May 14, 2020 at 08:10:09AM -0400, Jeff Layton wrote:
> > > > > > On Thu, 2020-05-14 at 12:14 +0100, Luis Henriques wrote:
> > > > > > > Similarly to commit 03f219041fdb ("ceph: check i_nlink while converting
> > > > > > > a file handle to dentry"), this fixes another corner case with
> > > > > > > name_to_handle_at/open_by_handle_at.  The issue has been detected by
> > > > > > > xfstest generic/467, when doing:
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > >  - name_to_handle_at("/cephfs/myfile")
> > > > > > >  - open("/cephfs/myfile")
> > > > > > >  - unlink("/cephfs/myfile")
> > > > > > >  - open_by_handle_at()
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > > The call to open_by_handle_at should not fail because the file still
> > > > > > > exists and we do have a valid handle to it.
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > > Signed-off-by: Luis Henriques <lhenriques@...e.com>
> > > > > > > ---
> > > > > > >  fs/ceph/export.c | 13 +++++++++++--
> > > > > > >  1 file changed, 11 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > > diff --git a/fs/ceph/export.c b/fs/ceph/export.c
> > > > > > > index 79dc06881e78..8556df9d94d0 100644
> > > > > > > --- a/fs/ceph/export.c
> > > > > > > +++ b/fs/ceph/export.c
> > > > > > > @@ -171,12 +171,21 @@ struct inode *ceph_lookup_inode(struct super_block *sb, u64 ino)
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > >  static struct dentry *__fh_to_dentry(struct super_block *sb, u64 ino)
> > > > > > >  {
> > > > > > > + struct ceph_inode_info *ci;
> > > > > > >   struct inode *inode = __lookup_inode(sb, ino);
> > > > > > > +
> > > > > > >   if (IS_ERR(inode))
> > > > > > >           return ERR_CAST(inode);
> > > > > > >   if (inode->i_nlink == 0) {
> > > > > > > -         iput(inode);
> > > > > > > -         return ERR_PTR(-ESTALE);
> > > > > > > +         bool is_open;
> > > > > > > +         ci = ceph_inode(inode);
> > > > > > > +         spin_lock(&ci->i_ceph_lock);
> > > > > > > +         is_open = __ceph_is_file_opened(ci);
> > > > > > > +         spin_unlock(&ci->i_ceph_lock);
> > > > > > > +         if (!is_open) {
> > > > > > > +                 iput(inode);
> > > > > > > +                 return ERR_PTR(-ESTALE);
> > > > > > > +         }
> > > > > > >   }
> > > > > > >   return d_obtain_alias(inode);
> > > > > > >  }
> > > > > >
> > > > > > Thanks Luis. Out of curiousity, is there any reason we shouldn't ignore
> > > > > > the i_nlink value here? Does anything obviously break if we do?
> > > > >
> > > > > Yes, the scenario described in commit 03f219041fdb is still valid, which
> > > > > is basically the same but without the extra open(2):
> > > > >
> > > > >   - name_to_handle_at("/cephfs/myfile")
> > > > >   - unlink("/cephfs/myfile")
> > > > >   - open_by_handle_at()
> > > > >
> > > >
> > > > Ok, I guess we end up doing some delayed cleanup, and that allows the
> > > > inode to be found in that situation.
> > > >
> > > > > The open_by_handle_at man page isn't really clear about these 2 scenarios,
> > > > > but generic/426 will fail if -ESTALE isn't returned.  Want me to add a
> > > > > comment to the code, describing these 2 scenarios?
> > > > >
> > > >
> > > > (cc'ing Amir since he added this test)
> > > >
> > > > I don't think there is any hard requirement that open_by_handle_at
> > > > should fail in that situation. It generally does for most filesystems
> > > > due to the way they handle cl794798fa xfsqa: test open_by_handle() on unlinked and freed inode clusters
> > > eaning up unlinked inodes, but I don't
> > > > think it's technically illegal to allow the inode to still be found. If
> > > > the caller cares about whether it has been unlinked it can always test
> > > > i_nlink itself.
> > > >
> > > > Amir, is this required for some reason that I'm not aware of?
> > >
> > > Hi Jeff,
> > >
> > > The origin of this test is in fstests commit:
> > > 794798fa xfsqa: test open_by_handle() on unlinked and freed inode clusters
> > >
> > > It was introduced to catch an xfs bug, so this behavior is the expectation
> > > of xfs filesystem, but note that it is not a general expectation to fail
> > > open_by_handle() after unlink(), it is an expectation to fail open_by_handle()
> > > after unlink() + sync() + drop_caches.
> >
> > Yes, sorry I should have mentioned the sync+drop_caches in the
> > description.
> >
> > > I have later converted the test to generic, because I needed to check the
> > > same expectation for overlayfs use case, which is:
> > > The original inode is always there (in lower layer), unlink creates a whiteout
> > > mark and open_by_handle should treat that as ESTALE, otherwise the
> > > unlinked files would be accessible to nfs clients forever.
> > >
>
> Ok, that makes sense.
>
> The situation with Ceph is a bit different I think. I suspect that we're
> cleaning the inode out of the client's caches after drop_caches, but
> then we end up issuing a lookup by inode number to the MDS and it
> returns an inode that it may be in the process of purging.
>
> > >
> > > In overlayfs, we handle the open file case by returning a dentry only
> > > in case the inode with deletion mark in question is already in inode cache,
> > > but we take care not to populate inode cache with the check.
> > > It is easier, because we do not need to get inode into cache for checking
> > > the delete marker.
> > >
> > > Maybe you could instead check in __fh_to_dentry():
> > >
> > >     if (inode->i_nlink == 0 && atomic_read(&inode->i_count) == 1)) {
> > >         iput(inode);
> > >         return ERR_PTR(-ESTALE);
> > >     }
> > >
> > > The above is untested, so I don't know if it's enough to pass generic/426.
> >
> > Yes, I can confirm that this also fixes the issue -- both tests pass.
> > __ceph_is_file_opened() uses some internal counters per inode, incremented
> > each time a file is open in a specific mode.  The problem is that these
> > counters require some extra locking (maybe they should be atomic_t?), so
> > you're suggestion is probably better.
> >
> > > Note that generic/467 also checks the same behavior for rmdir().
> >
> > Yeah, but the only test-case failing with cephfs is the one described
> > above (i.e. "open_by_handle -dkr ...").
> >
> > > If you decide that ceph does not need to comply to this behavior,
> > > then we probably need to whitelist/blocklist the filesystems that
> > > want to test this behavior, which will be a shame.
> >
> > Unless Jeff has any objection, I'm happy sending v2, simplifying the patch
> > to use your simpler solution (and mentioning sync+drop_caches in the
> > commit message).
> >
>
> The real question I have is whether this is truly a client-side issue,
> or if the MDS is satisfying lookup-by-ino requests with inodes that just
> haven't yet been fully purged. If so, then the right fix may be in the
> MDS.
>
> Can we determine that one way or the other?
>

Questions:
1. Does sync() result in fully purging inodes on MDS?
2. Is i_nlink synchronized among nodes on deferred delete?
IWO, can inode come back from the dead on client if another node
has linked it before i_nlink 0 was observed?
3. Can an NFS client be "migrated" from one ceph node to another
with an open but unlinked file?

I think what the test is trying to verify is that a "fully purged" inodes
cannot be opened db handle, but there is no standard way to verify
"fully purged", so the test resorts to sync() + another sync() + drop_caches.

Is there anything else that needs to be done on ceph in order to flush
all deferred operations from this client to MDS?

Thanks,
Amir.

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