Date:   Tue, 14 Jul 2020 09:41:38 -0700
From:   Suren Baghdasaryan <surenb@...gle.com>
To:     Todd Kjos <tkjos@...gle.com>
Cc:     Michal Hocko <mhocko@...nel.org>,
        Hridya Valsaraju <hridya@...gle.com>,
        Hillf Danton <hdanton@...a.com>,
        Eric Biggers <ebiggers@...nel.org>,
        syzbot <syzbot+7a0d9d0b26efefe61780@...kaller.appspotmail.com>,
        Andrew Morton <akpm@...ux-foundation.org>,
        Arve Hjønnevåg <arve@...roid.com>,
        Christian Brauner <christian@...uner.io>,
        "open list:ANDROID DRIVERS" <devel@...verdev.osuosl.org>,
        Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@...uxfoundation.org>,
        Hugh Dickins <hughd@...gle.com>,
        "Joel Fernandes (Google)" <joel@...lfernandes.org>,
        LKML <linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org>,
        Linux-MM <linux-mm@...ck.org>, Martijn Coenen <maco@...roid.com>,
        syzkaller-bugs <syzkaller-bugs@...glegroups.com>,
        Todd Kjos <tkjos@...roid.com>,
        Markus Elfring <Markus.Elfring@....de>
Subject: Re: possible deadlock in shmem_fallocate (4)

On Tue, Jul 14, 2020 at 8:47 AM Todd Kjos <tkjos@...gle.com> wrote:
>
> +Suren Baghdasaryan +Hridya Valsaraju who support the ashmem driver.

Thanks for looping me in.

>
>
> On Tue, Jul 14, 2020 at 7:18 AM Michal Hocko <mhocko@...nel.org> wrote:
> >
> > On Tue 14-07-20 22:08:59, Hillf Danton wrote:
> > >
> > > On Tue, 14 Jul 2020 10:26:29 +0200 Michal Hocko wrote:
> > > > On Tue 14-07-20 13:32:05, Hillf Danton wrote:
> > > > >
> > > > > On Mon, 13 Jul 2020 20:41:11 -0700 Eric Biggers wrote:
> > > > > > On Tue, Jul 14, 2020 at 11:32:52AM +0800, Hillf Danton wrote:
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > > Add FALLOC_FL_NOBLOCK and on the shmem side try to lock inode upon the
> > > > > > > new flag. And the overall upside is to keep the current gfp either in
> > > > > > > the khugepaged context or not.
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > > --- a/include/uapi/linux/falloc.h
> > > > > > > +++ b/include/uapi/linux/falloc.h
> > > > > > > @@ -77,4 +77,6 @@
> > > > > > >   */
> > > > > > >  #define FALLOC_FL_UNSHARE_RANGE              0x40
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > > +#define FALLOC_FL_NOBLOCK            0x80
> > > > > > > +
> > > > > >
> > > > > > You can't add a new UAPI flag to fix a kernel-internal problem like this.
> > > > >
> > > > > Sounds fair, see below.
> > > > >
> > > > > What the report indicates is a missing PF_MEMALLOC_NOFS and it's
> > > > > checked on the ashmem side and added as an exception before going
> > > > > to filesystem. On shmem side, no more than a best effort is paid
> > > > > on the inteded exception.
> > > > >
> > > > > --- a/drivers/staging/android/ashmem.c
> > > > > +++ b/drivers/staging/android/ashmem.c
> > > > > @@ -437,6 +437,7 @@ static unsigned long
> > > > >  ashmem_shrink_scan(struct shrinker *shrink, struct shrink_control *sc)
> > > > >  {
> > > > >   unsigned long freed = 0;
> > > > > + bool nofs;
> > > > >
> > > > >   /* We might recurse into filesystem code, so bail out if necessary */
> > > > >   if (!(sc->gfp_mask & __GFP_FS))
> > > > > @@ -445,6 +446,11 @@ ashmem_shrink_scan(struct shrinker *shri
> > > > >   if (!mutex_trylock(&ashmem_mutex))
> > > > >           return -1;
> > > > >
> > > > > + /* enter filesystem with caution: nonblock on locking */
> > > > > + nofs = current->flags & PF_MEMALLOC_NOFS;
> > > > > + if (!nofs)
> > > > > +         current->flags |= PF_MEMALLOC_NOFS;
> > > > > +
> > > > >   while (!list_empty(&ashmem_lru_list)) {
> > > > >           struct ashmem_range *range =
> > > > >                   list_first_entry(&ashmem_lru_list, typeof(*range), lru);
> > > >
> > > > I do not think this is an appropriate fix. First of all is this a real
> > > > deadlock or a lockdep false positive? Is it possible that ashmem just
> > >
> > > The warning matters and we can do something to quiesce it.
> >
> > The underlying issue should be fixed rather than _something_ done to
> > silence it.
> >
> > > > needs to properly annotate its shmem inodes? Or is it possible that
> > > > the internal backing shmem file is visible to the userspace so the write
> > > > path would be possible?
> > > >
> > > > If this a real problem then the proper fix would be to set internal
> > > > shmem mapping's gfp_mask to drop __GFP_FS.
> > >
> > > Thanks for the tip, see below.
> > >
> > > Can you expand a bit on how it helps direct reclaimers like khugepaged
> > > in the syzbot report wrt deadlock?
> >
> > I do not understand your question.
> >
> > > TBH I have difficult time following
> > > up after staring at the chart below for quite a while.
> >
> > Yes, lockdep reports are quite hard to follow and they tend to confuse
> > one hell out of me. But this one says that there is a reclaim dependency
> > between the shmem inode lock and the reclaim context.
> >
> > > Possible unsafe locking scenario:
> > >
> > >        CPU0                    CPU1
> > >        ----                    ----
> > >   lock(fs_reclaim);
> > >                                lock(&sb->s_type->i_mutex_key#15);
> > >                                lock(fs_reclaim);
> > >
> > >   lock(&sb->s_type->i_mutex_key#15);
> >
> > Please refrain from proposing fixes until the actual problem is
> > understood. I suspect that this might be just false positive because the
> > lockdep cannot tell the backing shmem which is internal to ashmem(?)
> > with any general shmem. But somebody really familiar with ashmem code
> > should have a look I believe.

I believe the deadlock is possible if a write to ashmem fd coincides
with shrinking of ashmem caches. I just developed a possible fix here
https://android-review.googlesource.com/c/kernel/common/+/1361205 but
wanted to test it before posting upstream. The idea is to detect such
a race between write and cache shrinking operations and let
ashmem_shrink_scan bail out if the race is detected instead of taking
inode_lock. AFAIK writing ashmem files is not a usual usage for ashmem
(standard usage is to mmap it and use as shared memory), therefore
this bailing out early should not affect ashmem cache maintenance
much. Besides ashmem_shrink_scan already bails out early if a
contention on ashmem_mutex is detected, which is a much more probable
case (see: https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v5.8-rc4/source/drivers/staging/android/ashmem.c#L497).

I'll test and post the patch here in a day or so if there are no early
objections to it.
Thanks!

> >
> > --
> > Michal Hocko
> > SUSE Labs

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