linux-kernel - Re: [PATCH] tools/memory-model: document the "one-time init" pattern

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Date:   Mon, 27 Jul 2020 13:51:37 +0100
From:   Matthew Wilcox <willy@...radead.org>
To:     Eric Biggers <ebiggers@...nel.org>
Cc:     Alan Stern <stern@...land.harvard.edu>,
        linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org, linux-arch@...r.kernel.org,
        "Paul E . McKenney" <paulmck@...nel.org>,
        linux-fsdevel@...r.kernel.org, Akira Yokosawa <akiyks@...il.com>,
        Andrea Parri <parri.andrea@...il.com>,
        Boqun Feng <boqun.feng@...il.com>,
        Daniel Lustig <dlustig@...dia.com>,
        "Darrick J . Wong" <darrick.wong@...cle.com>,
        Dave Chinner <david@...morbit.com>,
        David Howells <dhowells@...hat.com>,
        Jade Alglave <j.alglave@....ac.uk>,
        Luc Maranget <luc.maranget@...ia.fr>,
        Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@...il.com>,
        Peter Zijlstra <peterz@...radead.org>,
        Will Deacon <will@...nel.org>
Subject: Re: [PATCH] tools/memory-model: document the "one-time init" pattern

On Fri, Jul 17, 2020 at 06:02:47PM -0700, Eric Biggers wrote:
> On Fri, Jul 17, 2020 at 01:51:38PM -0400, Alan Stern wrote:
> > On Fri, Jul 17, 2020 at 06:47:50PM +0100, Matthew Wilcox wrote:
> > > On Thu, Jul 16, 2020 at 09:44:27PM -0700, Eric Biggers wrote:
> > ...
> > > > +		/* on success, pairs with smp_load_acquire() above and below */
> > > > +		if (cmpxchg_release(&foo, NULL, p) != NULL) {
> > > 
> > > Why do we have cmpxchg_release() anyway?  Under what circumstances is
> > > cmpxchg() useful _without_ having release semantics?
> > 
> > To answer just the last question: cmpxchg() is useful for lock 
> > acquisition, in which case it needs to have acquire semantics rather 
> > than release semantics.
> > 
> 
> To clarify, there are 4 versions of cmpxchg:
> 
> 	cmpxchg(): does ACQUIRE and RELEASE (on success)
> 	cmpxchg_acquire(): does ACQUIRE only (on success)
> 	cmpxchg_release(): does RELEASE only (on success)
> 	cmpxchg_relaxed(): no barriers
> 
> The problem here is that here we need RELEASE on success and ACQUIRE on failure.
> But no version guarantees any barrier on failure.

Why not?  Do CPU designers not do load-linked-with-acquire-semantics?
Or is it our fault for not using the appropriate instruction?

> So as far as I can tell, the best we can do is use cmpxchg_release() (or
> cmpxchg() which would be stronger but unnecessary), followed by a separate
> ACQUIRE on failure.

OK, but that detail needs to be hidden behind a higher level primitive,
not exposed to device driver writers.