Date:   Tue, 13 Oct 2020 07:43:59 -0700
From:   Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@...radead.org>
To:     Mike Rapoport <rppt@...nel.org>,
        Muchun Song <songmuchun@...edance.com>
Cc:     Eric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@...il.com>,
        Eric Dumazet <edumazet@...gle.com>,
        Cong Wang <xiyou.wangcong@...il.com>,
        Greg KH <gregkh@...uxfoundation.org>, rafael@...nel.org,
        "Michael S. Tsirkin" <mst@...hat.com>,
        Jason Wang <jasowang@...hat.com>,
        David Miller <davem@...emloft.net>,
        Jakub Kicinski <kuba@...nel.org>,
        Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@...il.com>,
        Andrew Morton <akpm@...ux-foundation.org>,
        Alexey Kuznetsov <kuznet@....inr.ac.ru>,
        Hideaki YOSHIFUJI <yoshfuji@...ux-ipv6.org>,
        Steffen Klassert <steffen.klassert@...unet.com>,
        Herbert Xu <herbert@...dor.apana.org.au>,
        Shakeel Butt <shakeelb@...gle.com>,
        Will Deacon <will@...nel.org>, Michal Hocko <mhocko@...e.com>,
        Roman Gushchin <guro@...com>, Neil Brown <neilb@...e.de>,
        Sami Tolvanen <samitolvanen@...gle.com>,
        "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@...ux.intel.com>,
        Feng Tang <feng.tang@...el.com>,
        Paolo Abeni <pabeni@...hat.com>,
        Willem de Bruijn <willemb@...gle.com>,
        Florian Westphal <fw@...len.de>, gustavoars@...nel.org,
        Pablo Neira Ayuso <pablo@...filter.org>,
        Dexuan Cui <decui@...rosoft.com>,
        Jakub Sitnicki <jakub@...udflare.com>,
        Peter Zijlstra <peterz@...radead.org>,
        Christian Brauner <christian.brauner@...ntu.com>,
        "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@...ssion.com>,
        Thomas Gleixner <tglx@...utronix.de>, dave@...olabs.net,
        Michel Lespinasse <walken@...gle.com>,
        Jann Horn <jannh@...gle.com>, chenqiwu@...omi.com,
        christophe.leroy@....fr, Minchan Kim <minchan@...nel.org>,
        Martin KaFai Lau <kafai@...com>,
        Alexei Starovoitov <ast@...nel.org>,
        Daniel Borkmann <daniel@...earbox.net>,
        Miaohe Lin <linmiaohe@...wei.com>,
        Kees Cook <keescook@...omium.org>,
        LKML <linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org>,
        virtualization@...ts.linux-foundation.org,
        Linux Kernel Network Developers <netdev@...r.kernel.org>,
        linux-fsdevel <linux-fsdevel@...r.kernel.org>,
        linux-mm <linux-mm@...ck.org>,
        Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@...il.com>
Subject: Re: [External] Re: [PATCH] mm: proc: add Sock to /proc/meminfo

On 10/13/20 1:09 AM, Mike Rapoport wrote:
> On Mon, Oct 12, 2020 at 05:53:01PM +0800, Muchun Song wrote:
>> On Mon, Oct 12, 2020 at 5:24 PM Eric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@...il.com> wrote:
>>>
>>> On 10/12/20 10:39 AM, Muchun Song wrote:
>>>> On Mon, Oct 12, 2020 at 3:42 PM Eric Dumazet <edumazet@...gle.com> wrote:
>>>>>
>>>>> On Mon, Oct 12, 2020 at 6:22 AM Muchun Song <songmuchun@...edance.com> wrote:
>>>>>>
>>>>>> On Mon, Oct 12, 2020 at 2:39 AM Cong Wang <xiyou.wangcong@...il.com> wrote:
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> On Sat, Oct 10, 2020 at 3:39 AM Muchun Song <songmuchun@...edance.com> wrote:
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>> The amount of memory allocated to sockets buffer can become significant.
>>>>>>>> However, we do not display the amount of memory consumed by sockets
>>>>>>>> buffer. In this case, knowing where the memory is consumed by the kernel
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> We do it via `ss -m`. Is it not sufficient? And if not, why not adding it there
>>>>>>> rather than /proc/meminfo?
>>>>>>
>>>>>> If the system has little free memory, we can know where the memory is via
>>>>>> /proc/meminfo. If a lot of memory is consumed by socket buffer, we cannot
>>>>>> know it when the Sock is not shown in the /proc/meminfo. If the unaware user
>>>>>> can't think of the socket buffer, naturally they will not `ss -m`. The
>>>>>> end result
>>>>>> is that we still don’t know where the memory is consumed. And we add the
>>>>>> Sock to the /proc/meminfo just like the memcg does('sock' item in the cgroup
>>>>>> v2 memory.stat). So I think that adding to /proc/meminfo is sufficient.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>  static inline void __skb_frag_unref(skb_frag_t *frag)
>>>>>>>>  {
>>>>>>>> -       put_page(skb_frag_page(frag));
>>>>>>>> +       struct page *page = skb_frag_page(frag);
>>>>>>>> +
>>>>>>>> +       if (put_page_testzero(page)) {
>>>>>>>> +               dec_sock_node_page_state(page);
>>>>>>>> +               __put_page(page);
>>>>>>>> +       }
>>>>>>>>  }
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> You mix socket page frag with skb frag at least, not sure this is exactly
>>>>>>> what you want, because clearly skb page frags are frequently used
>>>>>>> by network drivers rather than sockets.
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> Also, which one matches this dec_sock_node_page_state()? Clearly
>>>>>>> not skb_fill_page_desc() or __skb_frag_ref().
>>>>>>
>>>>>> Yeah, we call inc_sock_node_page_state() in the skb_page_frag_refill().
>>>>>> So if someone gets the page returned by skb_page_frag_refill(), it must
>>>>>> put the page via __skb_frag_unref()/skb_frag_unref(). We use PG_private
>>>>>> to indicate that we need to dec the node page state when the refcount of
>>>>>> page reaches zero.
>>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>> Pages can be transferred from pipe to socket, socket to pipe (splice()
>>>>> and zerocopy friends...)
>>>>>
>>>>>  If you want to track TCP memory allocations, you always can look at
>>>>> /proc/net/sockstat,
>>>>> without adding yet another expensive memory accounting.
>>>>
>>>> The 'mem' item in the /proc/net/sockstat does not represent real
>>>> memory usage. This is just the total amount of charged memory.
>>>>
>>>> For example, if a task sends a 10-byte message, it only charges one
>>>> page to memcg. But the system may allocate 8 pages. Therefore, it
>>>> does not truly reflect the memory allocated by the above memory
>>>> allocation path. We can see the difference via the following message.
>>>>
>>>> cat /proc/net/sockstat
>>>>   sockets: used 698
>>>>   TCP: inuse 70 orphan 0 tw 617 alloc 134 mem 13
>>>>   UDP: inuse 90 mem 4
>>>>   UDPLITE: inuse 0
>>>>   RAW: inuse 1
>>>>   FRAG: inuse 0 memory 0
>>>>
>>>> cat /proc/meminfo | grep Sock
>>>>   Sock:              13664 kB
>>>>
>>>> The /proc/net/sockstat only shows us that there are 17*4 kB TCP
>>>> memory allocations. But apply this patch, we can see that we truly
>>>> allocate 13664 kB(May be greater than this value because of per-cpu
>>>> stat cache). Of course the load of the example here is not high. In
>>>> some high load cases, I believe the difference here will be even
>>>> greater.
>>>>
>>>
>>> This is great, but you have not addressed my feedback.
>>>
>>> TCP memory allocations are bounded by /proc/sys/net/ipv4/tcp_mem
>>>
>>> Fact that the memory is forward allocated or not is a detail.
>>>
>>> If you think we must pre-allocate memory, instead of forward allocations,
>>> your patch does not address this. Adding one line per consumer in /proc/meminfo looks
>>> wrong to me.
>>
>> I think that the consumer which consumes a lot of memory should be added
>> to the /proc/meminfo. This can help us know the user of large memory.
>>
>>>
>>> If you do not want 9.37 % of physical memory being possibly used by TCP,
>>> just change /proc/sys/net/ipv4/tcp_mem accordingly ?
>>
>> We are not complaining about TCP using too much memory, but how do
>> we know that TCP uses a lot of memory. When I firstly face this problem,
>> I do not know who uses the 25GB memory and it is not shown in the /proc/meminfo.
>> If we can know the amount memory of the socket buffer via /proc/meminfo, we
>> may not need to spend a lot of time troubleshooting this problem. Not everyone
>> knows that a lot of memory may be used here. But I believe many people
>> should know /proc/meminfo to confirm memory users.
> 
> If I undestand correctly, the problem you are trying to solve is to
> simplify troubleshooting of memory usage for people who may not be aware
> that networking stack can be a large memory consumer.
> 
> For that a paragraph in 'man 5 proc' maybe a good start:
> 
>>>From ddbcf38576d1a2b0e36fe25a27350d566759b664 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
> From: Mike Rapoport <rppt@...ux.ibm.com>
> Date: Tue, 13 Oct 2020 11:07:35 +0300
> Subject: [PATCH] proc.5: meminfo: add not anout network stack memory
>  consumption
> 
> Signed-off-by: Mike Rapoport <rppt@...ux.ibm.com>
> ---
>  man5/proc.5 | 8 ++++++++
>  1 file changed, 8 insertions(+)
> 
> diff --git a/man5/proc.5 b/man5/proc.5
> index ed309380b..8414676f1 100644
> --- a/man5/proc.5
> +++ b/man5/proc.5
> @@ -3478,6 +3478,14 @@ Except as noted below,
>  all of the fields have been present since at least Linux 2.6.0.
>  Some fields are displayed only if the kernel was configured
>  with various options; those dependencies are noted in the list.
> +.IP
> +Note that significant part of memory allocated by the network stack
> +is not accounted in the file.
> +The memory consumption of the network stack can be queried
> +using
> +.IR /proc/net/sockstat
> +or
> +.BR ss (8)
>  .RS
>  .TP
>  .IR MemTotal " %lu"

Hi Mike,

Could you tell us what units those values are in?
or is that already explained somewhere else?

thanks.
-- 
~Randy

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