Date:   Wed, 14 Oct 2020 15:55:33 +0200
From:   "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rafael@...nel.org>
To:     Hans de Goede <hdegoede@...hat.com>
Cc:     "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rafael@...nel.org>,
        "Limonciello, Mario" <Mario.Limonciello@...l.com>,
        Bastien Nocera <hadess@...ess.net>,
        Darren Hart <dvhart@...radead.org>,
        Andy Shevchenko <andy@...radead.org>,
        Mark Gross <mgross@...ux.intel.com>,
        Mark Pearson <mpearson@...ovo.com>,
        Elia Devito <eliadevito@...il.com>,
        Benjamin Berg <bberg@...hat.com>,
        "linux-pm@...r.kernel.org" <linux-pm@...r.kernel.org>,
        "linux-acpi@...r.kernel.org" <linux-acpi@...r.kernel.org>,
        "platform-driver-x86@...r.kernel.org" 
        <platform-driver-x86@...r.kernel.org>,
        "linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org" <linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org>,
        Mark Pearson <markpearson@...ovo.com>,
        Srinivas Pandruvada <srinivas.pandruvada@...ux.intel.com>
Subject: Re: [RFC] Documentation: Add documentation for new
 performance_profile sysfs class

On Tue, Oct 13, 2020 at 3:09 PM Hans de Goede <hdegoede@...hat.com> wrote:
>
> Hi,
>
> On 10/12/20 6:42 PM, Rafael J. Wysocki wrote:
> > On Wed, Oct 7, 2020 at 8:41 PM Limonciello, Mario
> > <Mario.Limonciello@...l.com> wrote:
> >>
> >>> On Wed, 2020-10-07 at 15:58 +0000, Limonciello, Mario wrote:
> >>>>
> >>>>> On Mon, 2020-10-05 at 12:58 +0000, Limonciello, Mario wrote:
> >>>>>>> On modern systems CPU/GPU/... performance is often dynamically
> >>>>>>> configurable
> >>>>>>> in the form of e.g. variable clock-speeds and TPD. The
> >>>>>>> performance
> >>>>>>> is often
> >>>>>>> automatically adjusted to the load by some automatic-mechanism
> >>>>>>> (which may
> >>>>>>> very well live outside the kernel).
> >>>>>>>
> >>>>>>> These auto performance-adjustment mechanisms often can be
> >>>>>>> configured with
> >>>>>>> one of several performance-profiles, with either a bias towards
> >>>>>>> low-power
> >>>>>>> consumption (and cool and quiet) or towards performance (and
> >>>>>>> higher
> >>>>>>> power
> >>>>>>> consumption and thermals).
> >>>>>>>
> >>>>>>> Introduce a new performance_profile class/sysfs API which
> >>>>>>> offers a
> >>>>>>> generic
> >>>>>>> API for selecting the performance-profile of these automatic-
> >>>>>>> mechanisms.
> >>>>>>>
> >>>>>>
> >>>>>> If introducing an API for this - let me ask the question, why
> >>>>>> even let each
> >>>>>> driver offer a class interface and userspace need to change
> >>>>>> "each" driver's
> >>>>>> performance setting?
> >>>>>>
> >>>>>> I would think that you could just offer something kernel-wide
> >>>>>> like
> >>>>>> /sys/power/performance-profile
> >>>>>>
> >>>>>> Userspace can read and write to a single file.  All drivers can
> >>>>>> get notified
> >>>>>> on this sysfs file changing.
> >>>>>>
> >>>>>> The systems that react in firmware (such as the two that prompted
> >>>>>> this discussion) can change at that time.  It leaves the
> >>>>>> possibility for a
> >>>>>> more open kernel implementation that can do the same thing though
> >>>>>> too by
> >>>>>> directly modifying device registers instead of ACPI devices.
> >>>>>
> >>>>> The problem, as I've mentioned in previous discussions we had about
> >>>>> this, is that, as you've seen in replies to this mail, this would
> >>>>> suddenly be making the kernel apply policy.
> >>>>>
> >>>>> There's going to be pushback as soon as policy is enacted in the
> >>>>> kernel, and you take away the different knobs for individual
> >>>>> components
> >>>>> (or you can control them centrally as well as individually). As
> >>>>> much as
> >>>>> I hate the quantity of knobs[1], I don't think that trying to
> >>>>> reduce
> >>>>> the number of knobs in the kernel is a good use of our time, and
> >>>>> easier
> >>>>> to enact, coordinated with design targets, in user-space.
> >>>>>
> >>>>> Unless you can think of a way to implement this kernel wide setting
> >>>>> without adding one more exponent on the number of possibilities for
> >>>>> the
> >>>>> testing matrix, I'll +1 Hans' original API.
> >>>>>
> >>>> Actually I offered two proposals in my reply.  So are you NAKing
> >>>> both?
> >>>
> >>> No, this is only about the first portion of the email, which I quoted.
> >>> And I'm not NAK'ing it, but I don't see how it can work without being
> >>> antithetical to what kernel "users" expect, or what the folks consuming
> >>> those interfaces (presumably us both) would expect to be able to test
> >>> and maintain.
> >>>
> >>
> >> (Just so others are aware, Bastien and I had a previous discussion on this topic
> >> that he alluded to here: https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/hadess/power-profiles-daemon/-/issues/1)
> >>
> >> In general I agree that we shouldn't be offering 100's of knobs to change
> >> things and protect users from themselves where possible.
> >>
> >> Whether the decisions are made in the kernel or in userspace you still have a matrix once
> >> you're letting someone change 2 different kernel devices that offer policy.  I'd argue it's
> >> actually worse if you let userspace change it though.
> >>
> >> Let's go back to the my GPU and platform example and lets say both offer the new knob here
> >> for both.  Userspace software such as your PPD picks performance.  Both the platform device
> >> and GPU device get changed, hopefully no conflicts.
> >> Then user decides no, I don't want my GPU in performance mode, I only want my platform.
> >> So they change the knob for the GPU manually, and now you have a new config in your matrix.
> >>
> >> However if you left it to a single kernel knob, both GPU and platform get moved together and
> >> you don't have these extra configs in your matrix anymore.
> >>
> >> The other point I mentioned, that platform might also do something to GPU via a sideband and
> >> you race, you can solve it with kernel too by modifying the ordering the kernel handles it.
> >>
> >> Userspace however, you give two knobs and now you have to worry about them getting it right
> >> and supporting them doing them in the wrong order.
> >>
> >>>> The other one suggested to use the same firmware attributes class
> >>>> being
> >>>> introduced by the new Dell driver (
> >>>> https://patchwork.kernel.org/patch/11818343/)
> >>>> since this is actually a knob to a specific firmware setting.
> >>>
> >>> This seemed to me like an implementation detail (eg. the same metadata
> >>> is being exported, but in a different way), and I don't feel strongly
> >>> about it either way.
> >>
> >> OK thanks.
> >
> > IMV there are two choices here:  One is between exposing the low-level
> > interfaces verbatim to user space and wrapping them up into a certain
> > "translation" layer allowing user space to use a unified interface (I
> > think that is what everybody wants) and the other  boils down to how
> > the unified interface between the kernel and user space will look
> > like.
> >
> > Personally, I think that something line /sys/power/profile allowing
> > drivers (and other kernel entities) to register callbacks might work
> > (as stated in my last reply to Hans).
>
> Note to others reading along I pointed to this thread in this thread:
> https://lore.kernel.org/linux-pm/20201006122024.14539-1-daniel.lezcano@linaro.org/T/#t
> and Rafael's "last reply" above refers to his reply in that thread.
>
> For the sake of people reading along I'm reproducing my reply
> there below.

For completeness, my response in the other thread is here:

https://lore.kernel.org/linux-pm/CAJZ5v0jpYpu3Tk7qq_MCVs0wUr-Dw0rY5EZELrVbQta0NZaoVA@mail.gmail.com/T/#t

> Rafael, it seems more appropriate to continue this discussion
> in this thread, so lets discuss this further here ?

And because I sent it before reading this message, let me reproduce it
below (with some additions).

> My reply to Rafael from the other thread:
>
> First of all thank you for your input, with your expertise in this
> area your input is very much appreciated, after all we only get
> one chance to get the userspace API for this right.
>
> Your proposal to have a single sysfs file for userspace to talk
> to and then use an in kernel subscription mechanism for drivers
> to get notified of writes to this file is interesting.
>
> But I see 2 issues with it:
>
> 1. How will userspace know which profiles are actually available ?
>
> An obvious solution is to pick a set of standard names and let
> subscribers map those as close to their own settings as possible,
> the most often mentioned set of profile names in this case seems to be:
>
> low_power
> balanced_power
> balanced
> balanced_performance
> performance
>
> Which works fine for the thinkpad_acpi case, but not so much for
> the hp-wmi case. In the HP case what happens is that a WMI call
> is made which sets a bunch of ACPI variables which influence
> the DPTF code (this assumes we have some sort of DPTF support
> such as mjg59's reverse engineered support) but the profile-names
> under Windows are: "Performance", "HP recommended", "Cool" and
> "Quiet".  If you read the discussion from the
> "[RFC] Documentation: Add documentation for new performance_profile sysfs class"
> thread you will see this was brought up as an issue there.

Two different things seem to be conflated here.  One is how to pass a
possible performance-vs-power preference coming from user space down
to device drivers or generally pieces of kernel code that can adjust
the behavior and/or hardware settings depending on what that
preference is and the other is how to expose OEM-provided DPTF system
profile interfaces to user space.

The former assumes that there is a common set of values that can be
understood and acted on in a consistent way by all of the interested
entities within the kernel and the latter is about passing information
from user space down to a side-band power control mechanism working in
its own way behind the kernel's back (and possibly poking at multiple
hardware components in the platform in its own way).

IMO there is no way to provide a common interface covering these two
cases at the same time.

> The problem here is that both "cool" and "quiet" could be
> interpreted as low-power. But it seems that they actually mean
> what they say, cool focuses on keeping temps low, which can
> also be done by making the fan-profile more aggressive. And quiet
> is mostly about keeping fan speeds down, at the cost of possible
> higher temperatures.
>
> <edit in this version of the reply:>
> I wonder if the HP profiles are actually just fan speed profiles ?
> Elia do you know ?
> </edit>

I don't think so.

AFAICS, in both the Thinkpad and HP cases the profile covers the
entire platform, which in particular means that they cannot co-exist.

> IOW we don't really have a 1 dimensional axis.

Well, AFAICS, DPTF system profile interfaces coming from different
OEMs will be different, but they are about side-band power control and
there can be only one thing like that in a platform at the same time.

> My class proposal fixes this by having a notion of both
> standardized names (because anything else would suck) combined
> with a way for drivers to advertise which standardized names
> the support. So in my proposal I simply add quiet and cool
> to the list of standard profile names, and then the HP-wmi
> driver can list those as supported, while not listing
> low_power as a supported profile.  This way we export the
> hardware interface to userspace as is (as much as possible)
> while still offering a standardized interface for userspace
> to consume.  Granted if userspace now actually want to set
> a low_power profile, we have just punted the problem to userspace
> but I really do not see a better solution.

First, a common place to register a DPTF system profile seems to be
needed and, as I said above, I wouldn't expect more than one such
thing to be present in the system at any given time, so it may be
registered along with the list of supported profiles and user space
will have to understand what they mean.

Second, irrespective of the above, it may be useful to have a
consistent way to pass performance-vs-power preference information
from user space to different parts of the kernel so as to allow them
to adjust their operation and this could be done with a system-wide
power profile attribute IMO.

> 2. This only works assuming that all performance-profiles
> are system wide. But given a big desktop case there might
> be very well be separate cooling zones for e.g. the CPU
> and the GPU and I can imagine both having separate
> performance-profile settings and some users will doubtlessly
> want to be able to control these separately ...

Let's say that I'm not convinced. :-)

They cannot be totally separate, because they will affect each other
and making possibly conflicting adjustments needs to be avoided.

Cheers!

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