linux-kernel - Re: [PATCH 1/2] arm64: ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1 doesn't return SMCCC_RET_NOT

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Message-ID: <160329383454.884498.3396883189907056188@swboyd.mtv.corp.google.com>
Date:   Wed, 21 Oct 2020 08:23:54 -0700
From:   Stephen Boyd <swboyd@...omium.org>
To:     Will Deacon <will@...nel.org>
Cc:     Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@....com>,
        linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org, linux-arm-kernel@...ts.infradead.org,
        Andre Przywara <andre.przywara@....com>,
        Steven Price <steven.price@....com>,
        Marc Zyngier <maz@...nel.org>, stable@...r.kernel.org
Subject: Re: [PATCH 1/2] arm64: ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1 doesn't return SMCCC_RET_NOT_REQUIRED

Quoting Will Deacon (2020-10-21 00:57:23)
> On Tue, Oct 20, 2020 at 02:45:43PM -0700, Stephen Boyd wrote:
> > According to the SMCCC spec (7.5.2 Discovery) the
> > ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1 function id only returns 0, 1, and
> > SMCCC_RET_NOT_SUPPORTED corresponding to "workaround required",
> > "workaround not required but implemented", and "who knows, you're on
> > your own" respectively. For kvm hypercalls (hvc), we've implemented this
> > function id to return SMCCC_RET_NOT_SUPPORTED, 1, and
> > SMCCC_RET_NOT_REQUIRED. The SMCCC_RET_NOT_REQUIRED return value is not a
> > thing for this function id, and is probably copy/pasted from the
> > SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2 function id that does support it.
> > 
> > Clean this up by returning 0, 1, and SMCCC_RET_NOT_SUPPORTED
> > appropriately. Changing this exposes the problem that
> > spectre_v2_get_cpu_fw_mitigation_state() assumes a
> > SMCCC_RET_NOT_SUPPORTED return value means we are vulnerable, but really
> > it means we have no idea and should assume we can't do anything about
> > mitigation. Put another way, it better be unaffected because it can't be
> > mitigated in the firmware (in this case kvm) as the call isn't
> > implemented!
> > 
> > Cc: Andre Przywara <andre.przywara@....com>
> > Cc: Steven Price <steven.price@....com>
> > Cc: Marc Zyngier <maz@...nel.org>
> > Cc: stable@...r.kernel.org
> > Fixes: c118bbb52743 ("arm64: KVM: Propagate full Spectre v2 workaround state to KVM guests")
> > Fixes: 73f381660959 ("arm64: Advertise mitigation of Spectre-v2, or lack thereof")
> > Signed-off-by: Stephen Boyd <swboyd@...omium.org>
> > ---
> > 
> > This will require a slightly different backport to stable kernels, but
> > at least it looks like this is a problem given that this return value
> > isn't valid per the spec and we've been going around it by returning
> > something invalid for some time.
> > 
> >  arch/arm64/kernel/proton-pack.c | 3 +--
> >  arch/arm64/kvm/hypercalls.c     | 2 +-
> >  2 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)
> > 
> > diff --git a/arch/arm64/kernel/proton-pack.c b/arch/arm64/kernel/proton-pack.c
> > index 68b710f1b43f..00bd54f63f4f 100644
> > --- a/arch/arm64/kernel/proton-pack.c
> > +++ b/arch/arm64/kernel/proton-pack.c
> > @@ -149,10 +149,9 @@ static enum mitigation_state spectre_v2_get_cpu_fw_mitigation_state(void)
> >       case SMCCC_RET_SUCCESS:
> >               return SPECTRE_MITIGATED;
> >       case SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_RET_UNAFFECTED:
> > +     case SMCCC_RET_NOT_SUPPORTED: /* Good luck w/ the Gatekeeper of Gozer */
> >               return SPECTRE_UNAFFECTED;
> 
> Hmm, I'm not sure this is correct. The SMCCC spec is terrifically
> unhelpful:
> 
>   NOT_SUPPORTED:
>   Either:
>   * None of the PEs in the system require firmware mitigation for CVE-2017-5715.
>   * The system contains at least 1 PE affected by CVE-2017-5715 that has no firmware
>     mitigation available.
>   * The firmware does not provide any information about whether firmware mitigation is
>     required.
> 
> so we can't tell whether the thing is vulnerable or not in this case, and
> have to assume that it is.

If I'm reading the TF-A code correctly it looks like this will return
SMC_UNK if the platform decides that "This flag can be set to 0 by the
platform if none of the PEs in the system need the workaround." Where
the flag is WORKAROUND_CVE_2017_5715 and the call handler returns 1 if
the errata doesn't apply but the config is enabled, 0 if the errata
applies and the config is enabled, or SMC_UNK (I guess this is
NOT_SUPPORTED?) if the config is disabled[2].

So TF-A could disable this config and then the kernel would think it is
vulnerable when it actually isn't? The spec is a pile of ectoplasma
here.

> 
> >       default:
> > -             fallthrough;
> > -     case SMCCC_RET_NOT_SUPPORTED:
> >               return SPECTRE_VULNERABLE;
> >       }
> >  }
> > diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/hypercalls.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/hypercalls.c
> > index 9824025ccc5c..868486957808 100644
> > --- a/arch/arm64/kvm/hypercalls.c
> > +++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/hypercalls.c
> > @@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ int kvm_hvc_call_handler(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
> >                               val = SMCCC_RET_SUCCESS;
> >                               break;
> >                       case SPECTRE_UNAFFECTED:
> > -                             val = SMCCC_RET_NOT_REQUIRED;
> > +                             val = SMCCC_RET_NOT_SUPPORTED;
> 
> Which means we need to return SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_RET_UNAFFECTED here, I
> suppose?
> 

Does the kernel implement a workaround in the case that no guest PE is
affected? If so then returning 1 sounds OK to me, but otherwise
NOT_SUPPORTED should work per the spec.

[1] https://git.trustedfirmware.org/TF-A/trusted-firmware-a.git/tree/docs/design/cpu-specific-build-macros.rst#n14
[2] https://git.trustedfirmware.org/TF-A/trusted-firmware-a.git/tree/services/arm_arch_svc/arm_arch_svc_setup.c#n30