linux-kernel - Re: [PATCH 5/9] kprobes/ftrace: Add recursion protection to the ftrace callback

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Date:   Thu, 29 Oct 2020 09:40:01 -0400
From:   Steven Rostedt <rostedt@...dmis.org>
To:     Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@...nel.org>
Cc:     linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org,
        Andrew Morton <akpm@...ux-foundation.org>,
        Guo Ren <guoren@...nel.org>,
        "James E.J. Bottomley" <James.Bottomley@...senPartnership.com>,
        Helge Deller <deller@....de>,
        Michael Ellerman <mpe@...erman.id.au>,
        Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@...nel.crashing.org>,
        Paul Mackerras <paulus@...ba.org>,
        Heiko Carstens <hca@...ux.ibm.com>,
        Vasily Gorbik <gor@...ux.ibm.com>,
        Christian Borntraeger <borntraeger@...ibm.com>,
        Thomas Gleixner <tglx@...utronix.de>,
        Borislav Petkov <bp@...en8.de>, x86@...nel.org,
        "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@...or.com>,
        "Naveen N. Rao" <naveen.n.rao@...ux.ibm.com>,
        Anil S Keshavamurthy <anil.s.keshavamurthy@...el.com>,
        "David S. Miller" <davem@...emloft.net>,
        linux-csky@...r.kernel.org, linux-parisc@...r.kernel.org,
        linuxppc-dev@...ts.ozlabs.org, linux-s390@...r.kernel.org
Subject: Re: [PATCH 5/9] kprobes/ftrace: Add recursion protection to the
 ftrace callback

On Thu, 29 Oct 2020 16:58:03 +0900
Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@...nel.org> wrote:

> Hi Steve,
> 
> On Wed, 28 Oct 2020 07:52:49 -0400
> Steven Rostedt <rostedt@...dmis.org> wrote:
> 
> > From: "Steven Rostedt (VMware)" <rostedt@...dmis.org>
> > 
> > If a ftrace callback does not supply its own recursion protection and
> > does not set the RECURSION_SAFE flag in its ftrace_ops, then ftrace will
> > make a helper trampoline to do so before calling the callback instead of
> > just calling the callback directly.  
> 
> So in that case the handlers will be called without preempt disabled?
> 
> 
> > The default for ftrace_ops is going to assume recursion protection unless
> > otherwise specified.  
> 
> This seems to skip entier handler if ftrace finds recursion.
> I would like to increment the missed counter even in that case.

Note, this code does not change the functionality at this point, because
without having the FL_RECURSION flag set (which kprobes does not even in
this patch), it always gets called from the helper function that does this:

	bit = trace_test_and_set_recursion(TRACE_LIST_START, TRACE_LIST_MAX);
	if (bit < 0)
		return;

	preempt_disable_notrace();

	op->func(ip, parent_ip, op, regs);

	preempt_enable_notrace();
	trace_clear_recursion(bit);

Where this function gets called by op->func().

In other words, you don't get that count anyway, and I don't think you want
it. Because it means you traced something that your callback calls.

That bit check is basically a nop, because the last patch in this series
will make the default that everything has recursion protection, but at this
patch the test does this:

	/* A previous recursion check was made */
	if ((val & TRACE_CONTEXT_MASK) > max)
		return 0;

Which would always return true, because this function is called via the
helper that already did the trace_test_and_set_recursion() which, if it
made it this far, the val would always be greater than max.

> 
> [...]
> e.g.
> 
> > diff --git a/arch/csky/kernel/probes/ftrace.c b/arch/csky/kernel/probes/ftrace.c
> > index 5264763d05be..5eb2604fdf71 100644
> > --- a/arch/csky/kernel/probes/ftrace.c
> > +++ b/arch/csky/kernel/probes/ftrace.c
> > @@ -13,16 +13,21 @@ int arch_check_ftrace_location(struct kprobe *p)
> >  void kprobe_ftrace_handler(unsigned long ip, unsigned long parent_ip,
> >  			   struct ftrace_ops *ops, struct pt_regs *regs)
> >  {
> > +	int bit;
> >  	bool lr_saver = false;
> >  	struct kprobe *p;
> >  	struct kprobe_ctlblk *kcb;
> >  
> > -	/* Preempt is disabled by ftrace */
> > +	bit = ftrace_test_recursion_trylock();  
> 
> > +
> > +	preempt_disable_notrace();
> >  	p = get_kprobe((kprobe_opcode_t *)ip);
> >  	if (!p) {
> >  		p = get_kprobe((kprobe_opcode_t *)(ip - MCOUNT_INSN_SIZE));
> >  		if (unlikely(!p) || kprobe_disabled(p))
> > -			return;
> > +			goto out;
> >  		lr_saver = true;
> >  	}  
> 
> 	if (bit < 0) {
> 		kprobes_inc_nmissed_count(p);
> 		goto out;
> 	}

If anything called in get_kprobe() or kprobes_inc_nmissed_count() gets
traced here, you have zero recursion protection, and this will crash the
machine with a likely reboot (triple fault).

Note, the recursion handles interrupts and wont stop them. bit < 0 only
happens if you recurse because this function called something that ends up
calling itself. Really, why would you care about missing a kprobe on the
same kprobe?

-- Steve