linux-kernel - [PATCH memory-model 1/8] tools: memory-model: Document that the LKMM can easily miss control dependencies

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Message-Id: <20201105220017.15410-1-paulmck@kernel.org>
Date:   Thu,  5 Nov 2020 14:00:10 -0800
From:   paulmck@...nel.org
To:     linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org, linux-arch@...r.kernel.org,
        kernel-team@...com, mingo@...nel.org
Cc:     stern@...land.harvard.edu, parri.andrea@...il.com, will@...nel.org,
        peterz@...radead.org, boqun.feng@...il.com, npiggin@...il.com,
        dhowells@...hat.com, j.alglave@....ac.uk, luc.maranget@...ia.fr,
        akiyks@...il.com, "Paul E . McKenney" <paulmck@...nel.org>
Subject: [PATCH memory-model 1/8] tools: memory-model: Document that the LKMM can easily miss control dependencies

From: Alan Stern <stern@...land.harvard.edu>

Add a small section to the litmus-tests.txt documentation file for
the Linux Kernel Memory Model explaining that the memory model often
fails to recognize certain control dependencies.

Suggested-by: Akira Yokosawa <akiyks@...il.com>
Signed-off-by: Alan Stern <stern@...land.harvard.edu>
Reviewed-by: Joel Fernandes (Google) <joel@...lfernandes.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@...nel.org>
---
 tools/memory-model/Documentation/litmus-tests.txt | 17 +++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 17 insertions(+)

diff --git a/tools/memory-model/Documentation/litmus-tests.txt b/tools/memory-model/Documentation/litmus-tests.txt
index 2f840dc..8a9d5d2 100644
--- a/tools/memory-model/Documentation/litmus-tests.txt
+++ b/tools/memory-model/Documentation/litmus-tests.txt
@@ -946,6 +946,23 @@ Limitations of the Linux-kernel memory model (LKMM) include:
 	carrying a dependency, then the compiler can break that dependency
 	by substituting a constant of that value.
 
+	Conversely, LKMM sometimes doesn't recognize that a particular
+	optimization is not allowed, and as a result, thinks that a
+	dependency is not present (because the optimization would break it).
+	The memory model misses some pretty obvious control dependencies
+	because of this limitation.  A simple example is:
+
+		r1 = READ_ONCE(x);
+		if (r1 == 0)
+			smp_mb();
+		WRITE_ONCE(y, 1);
+
+	There is a control dependency from the READ_ONCE to the WRITE_ONCE,
+	even when r1 is nonzero, but LKMM doesn't realize this and thinks
+	that the write may execute before the read if r1 != 0.  (Yes, that
+	doesn't make sense if you think about it, but the memory model's
+	intelligence is limited.)
+
 2.	Multiple access sizes for a single variable are not supported,
 	and neither are misaligned or partially overlapping accesses.
 
-- 
2.9.5