Message-ID: <CAMZfGtXRqTpqJoGonMdTcE4HjPEy98FBFiry3Rry5=Jpfen1xw@mail.gmail.com>
Date:   Thu, 19 Nov 2020 11:00:07 +0800
From:   Muchun Song <songmuchun@...edance.com>
To:     Mike Kravetz <mike.kravetz@...cle.com>
Cc:     Jonathan Corbet <corbet@....net>,
        Thomas Gleixner <tglx@...utronix.de>, mingo@...hat.com,
        bp@...en8.de, x86@...nel.org, hpa@...or.com,
        dave.hansen@...ux.intel.com, luto@...nel.org,
        Peter Zijlstra <peterz@...radead.org>, viro@...iv.linux.org.uk,
        Andrew Morton <akpm@...ux-foundation.org>, paulmck@...nel.org,
        mchehab+huawei@...nel.org, pawan.kumar.gupta@...ux.intel.com,
        Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@...radead.org>, oneukum@...e.com,
        anshuman.khandual@....com, jroedel@...e.de,
        Mina Almasry <almasrymina@...gle.com>,
        David Rientjes <rientjes@...gle.com>,
        Matthew Wilcox <willy@...radead.org>,
        Oscar Salvador <osalvador@...e.de>,
        Michal Hocko <mhocko@...e.com>,
        Xiongchun duan <duanxiongchun@...edance.com>,
        linux-doc@...r.kernel.org, LKML <linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org>,
        Linux Memory Management List <linux-mm@...ck.org>,
        linux-fsdevel <linux-fsdevel@...r.kernel.org>
Subject: Re: [External] Re: [PATCH v4 04/21] mm/hugetlb: Introduce
 nr_free_vmemmap_pages in the struct hstate

On Thu, Nov 19, 2020 at 7:48 AM Mike Kravetz <mike.kravetz@...cle.com> wrote:
>
> On 11/13/20 2:59 AM, Muchun Song wrote:
> > diff --git a/mm/hugetlb_vmemmap.c b/mm/hugetlb_vmemmap.c
> > new file mode 100644
> > index 000000000000..a6c9948302e2
> > --- /dev/null
> > +++ b/mm/hugetlb_vmemmap.c
> > @@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
> > +// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
> > +/*
> > + * Free some vmemmap pages of HugeTLB
> > + *
> > + * Copyright (c) 2020, Bytedance. All rights reserved.
> > + *
> > + *     Author: Muchun Song <songmuchun@...edance.com>
> > + *
>
> Oscar has already made some suggestions to change comments.  I would suggest
> changing the below text to something like the following.

Thanks Mike. I will change the below comments.

>
> > + * Nowadays we track the status of physical page frames using struct page
> > + * structures arranged in one or more arrays. And here exists one-to-one
> > + * mapping between the physical page frame and the corresponding struct page
> > + * structure.
> > + *
> > + * The HugeTLB support is built on top of multiple page size support that
> > + * is provided by most modern architectures. For example, x86 CPUs normally
> > + * support 4K and 2M (1G if architecturally supported) page sizes. Every
> > + * HugeTLB has more than one struct page structure. The 2M HugeTLB has 512
> > + * struct page structure and 1G HugeTLB has 4096 struct page structures. But
> > + * in the core of HugeTLB only uses the first 4 (Use of first 4 struct page
> > + * structures comes from HUGETLB_CGROUP_MIN_ORDER.) struct page structures to
> > + * store metadata associated with each HugeTLB. The rest of the struct page
> > + * structures are usually read the compound_head field which are all the same
> > + * value. If we can free some struct page memory to buddy system so that we
> > + * can save a lot of memory.
> > + *
>
> struct page structures (page structs) are used to describe a physical page
> frame.  By default, there is a one-to-one mapping from a page frame to
> it's corresponding page struct.
>
> HugeTLB pages consist of multiple base page size pages and is supported by
> many architectures. See hugetlbpage.rst in the Documentation directory for
> more details.  On the x86 architecture, HugeTLB pages of size 2MB and 1GB
> are currently supported.  Since the base page size on x86 is 4KB, a 2MB
> HugeTLB page consists of 512 base pages and a 1GB HugeTLB page consists of
> 4096 base pages.  For each base page, there is a corresponding page struct.
>
> Within the HugeTLB subsystem, only the first 4 page structs are used to
> contain unique information about a HugeTLB page.  HUGETLB_CGROUP_MIN_ORDER
> provides this upper limit.  The only 'useful' information in the remaining
> page structs is the compound_head field, and this field is the same for all
> tail pages.
>
> By removing redundant page structs for HugeTLB pages, memory can returned
> to the buddy allocator for other uses.
>
> > + * When the system boot up, every 2M HugeTLB has 512 struct page structures
> > + * which size is 8 pages(sizeof(struct page) * 512 / PAGE_SIZE).
> > + *
> > + *    HugeTLB                  struct pages(8 pages)         page frame(8 pages)
> > + * +-----------+ ---virt_to_page---> +-----------+   mapping to   +-----------+
> > + * |           |                     |     0     | -------------> |     0     |
> > + * |           |                     |     1     | -------------> |     1     |
> > + * |           |                     |     2     | -------------> |     2     |
> > + * |           |                     |     3     | -------------> |     3     |
> > + * |           |                     |     4     | -------------> |     4     |
> > + * |     2M    |                     |     5     | -------------> |     5     |
> > + * |           |                     |     6     | -------------> |     6     |
> > + * |           |                     |     7     | -------------> |     7     |
> > + * |           |                     +-----------+                +-----------+
> > + * |           |
> > + * |           |
> > + * +-----------+
> > + *
> > + *
>
> I think we want the description before the next diagram.
>
> Reworded description here:
>
> The value of compound_head is the same for all tail pages.  The first page of
> page structs (page 0) associated with the HugeTLB page contains the 4 page
> structs necessary to describe the HugeTLB.  The only use of the remaining pages
> of page structs (page 1 to page 7) is to point to compound_head.  Therefore,
> we can remap pages 2 to 7 to page 1.  Only 2 pages of page structs will be used
> for each HugeTLB page.  This will allow us to free the remaining 6 pages to
> the buddy allocator.
>
> Here is how things look after remapping.
>
> > + *
> > + *    HugeTLB                  struct pages(8 pages)         page frame(8 pages)
> > + * +-----------+ ---virt_to_page---> +-----------+   mapping to   +-----------+
> > + * |           |                     |     0     | -------------> |     0     |
> > + * |           |                     |     1     | -------------> |     1     |
> > + * |           |                     |     2     | -------------> +-----------+
> > + * |           |                     |     3     | -----------------^ ^ ^ ^ ^
> > + * |           |                     |     4     | -------------------+ | | |
> > + * |     2M    |                     |     5     | ---------------------+ | |
> > + * |           |                     |     6     | -----------------------+ |
> > + * |           |                     |     7     | -------------------------+
> > + * |           |                     +-----------+
> > + * |           |
> > + * |           |
> > + * +-----------+
>
> --
> Mike Kravetz



-- 
Yours,
Muchun

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