linux-kernel - Re: [RFC PATCH] mm/memcontrol: Increase threshold for draining per-cpu stocked bytes.

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Date:   Tue, 5 Jan 2021 10:23:52 -0800
From:   Roman Gushchin <guro@...com>
To:     Imran Khan <imran.f.khan@...cle.com>
CC:     <hannes@...xchg.org>, <mhocko@...nel.org>,
        <akpm@...ux-foundation.org>, <cgroups@...r.kernel.org>,
        <linux-mm@...ck.org>, <linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org>
Subject: Re: [RFC PATCH] mm/memcontrol: Increase threshold for draining
 per-cpu stocked bytes.

On Tue, Jan 05, 2021 at 04:07:42PM +0000, Imran Khan wrote:
> While allocating objects whose size is multiple of PAGE_SIZE,
> say kmalloc-4K, we charge one page for extra bytes corresponding
> to the obj_cgroup membership pointer and remainder of the charged
> page gets added to per-cpu stocked bytes. If this allocation is
> followed by another allocation of the same size, the stocked bytes
> will not suffice and thus we endup charging an extra page
> again for membership pointer and remainder of this page gets added
> to per-cpu stocked bytes. This second addition will cause amount of
> stocked bytes to go beyond PAGE_SIZE and hence will result in
> invocation of drain_obj_stock.
> 
> So if we are in a scenario where we are consecutively allocating,
> several PAGE_SIZE multiple sized objects, the stocked bytes will
> never be enough to suffice a request and every second request will
> trigger draining of stocked bytes.
> 
> For example invoking __alloc_skb multiple times with
> 2K < packet size < 4K will give a call graph like:
> 
> __alloc_skb
>     |
>     |__kmalloc_reserve.isra.61
>     |    |
>     |    |__kmalloc_node_track_caller
>     |    |    |
>     |    |    |slab_pre_alloc_hook.constprop.88
>     |    |     obj_cgroup_charge
>     |    |    |    |
>     |    |    |    |__memcg_kmem_charge
>     |    |    |    |    |
>     |    |    |    |    |page_counter_try_charge
>     |    |    |    |
>     |    |    |    |refill_obj_stock
>     |    |    |    |    |
>     |    |    |    |    |drain_obj_stock.isra.68
>     |    |    |    |    |    |
>     |    |    |    |    |    |__memcg_kmem_uncharge
>     |    |    |    |    |    |    |
>     |    |    |    |    |    |    |page_counter_uncharge
>     |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |
>     |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |page_counter_cancel
>     |    |    |
>     |    |    |
>     |    |    |__slab_alloc
>     |    |    |    |
>     |    |    |    |___slab_alloc
>     |    |    |    |
>     |    |    |slab_post_alloc_hook
> 
> This frequent draining of stock bytes and resultant charging of pages
> increases the CPU load and hence deteriorates the scheduler latency.
> 
> The above mentioned scenario and it's impact can be seen by running
> hackbench with large packet size on v5.8 and subsequent kernels. The
> deterioration in hackbench number starts appearing from v5.9 kernel,
> 'commit f2fe7b09a52b ("mm: memcg/slab: charge individual slab objects
> instead of pages")'.
> 
> Increasing the draining limit to twice of KMALLOC_MAX_CACHE_SIZE
> (a safe upper limit for size of slab cache objects), will avoid draining
> of stock, every second allocation request, for the above mentioned
> scenario and hence will reduce the CPU load for such cases. For
> allocation of smaller objects or other allocation patterns the behaviour
> will be same as before.
> 
> This change increases the draining threshold for per-cpu stocked bytes
> from PAGE_SIZE to KMALLOC_MAX_CACHE_SIZE * 2.

Hello, Imran!

Yes, it makes total sense to me.

Btw, in earlier versions of the new slab controller there was a separate stock
for byte-sized charging and it was 32 pages large. Later Johannes suggested
the current layered design and he thought that because of the layering a single
page is enough for the upper layer.

> 
> Below are the hackbench numbers with and without this change on
> v5.10.0-rc7.
> 
> Without this change:
>     # hackbench process 10 1000 -s 100000
>     Running in process mode with 10 groups using 40 file descriptors
>     each (== 400 tasks)
>     Each sender will pass 100 messages of 100000 bytes
>     Time: 4.401
> 
>     # hackbench process 10 1000 -s 100000
>     Running in process mode with 10 groups using 40 file descriptors
>     each (== 400 tasks)
>     Each sender will pass 100 messages of 100000 bytes
>     Time: 4.470
> 
> With this change:
>     # hackbench process 10 1000 -s 100000
>     Running in process mode with 10 groups using 40 file descriptors
>     each (== 400 tasks)
>     Each sender will pass 100 messages of 100000 bytes
>     Time: 3.782
> 
>     # hackbench process 10 1000 -s 100000
>     Running in process mode with 10 groups using 40 file descriptors
>     each (== 400 tasks)
>     Each sender will pass 100 messages of 100000 bytes
>     Time: 3.827
> 
> As can be seen the change gives an improvement of about 15% in hackbench
> numbers.
> Also numbers obtained with the change are inline with those obtained
> from v5.8 kernel.

The difference is quite impressive!

I wonder if you tried smaller values than KMALLOC_MAX_CACHE_SIZE * 2?
Let's say 16 and 32?

KMALLOC_MAX_CACHE_SIZE * 2 makes sense to me, but then the whole construction
with two layer caching is very questionable. Anyway, it's not a reason to not
merge your patch, just something I wanna look at later.

> 
> Signed-off-by: Imran Khan <imran.f.khan@...cle.com>

Reviewed-by: Roman Gushchin <guro@...com>

Thanks!