Date:   Thu, 14 Jan 2021 04:00:33 +0000
From:   Damien Le Moal <Damien.LeMoal@....com>
To:     Ming Lei <ming.lei@...hat.com>
CC:     Ming Lei <tom.leiming@...il.com>,
        Changheun Lee <nanich.lee@...sung.com>,
        Johannes Thumshirn <Johannes.Thumshirn@....com>,
        Jens Axboe <axboe@...nel.dk>,
        "jisoo2146.oh@...sung.com" <jisoo2146.oh@...sung.com>,
        "junho89.kim@...sung.com" <junho89.kim@...sung.com>,
        linux-block <linux-block@...r.kernel.org>,
        Linux Kernel Mailing List <linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org>,
        "mj0123.lee@...sung.com" <mj0123.lee@...sung.com>,
        "seunghwan.hyun@...sung.com" <seunghwan.hyun@...sung.com>,
        "sookwan7.kim@...sung.com" <sookwan7.kim@...sung.com>,
        Tejun Heo <tj@...nel.org>,
        "yt0928.kim@...sung.com" <yt0928.kim@...sung.com>,
        "woosung2.lee@...sung.com" <woosung2.lee@...sung.com>
Subject: Re: [PATCH] bio: limit bio max size.

On 2021/01/14 12:53, Ming Lei wrote:
> On Wed, Jan 13, 2021 at 12:02:44PM +0000, Damien Le Moal wrote:
>> On 2021/01/13 20:48, Ming Lei wrote:
>>> On Wed, Jan 13, 2021 at 11:16:11AM +0000, Damien Le Moal wrote:
>>>> On 2021/01/13 19:25, Ming Lei wrote:
>>>>> On Wed, Jan 13, 2021 at 09:28:02AM +0000, Damien Le Moal wrote:
>>>>>> On 2021/01/13 18:19, Ming Lei wrote:
>>>>>>> On Wed, Jan 13, 2021 at 12:09 PM Changheun Lee <nanich.lee@...sung.com> wrote:
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>> On 2021/01/12 21:14, Changheun Lee wrote:
>>>>>>>>>>> On 2021/01/12 17:52, Changheun Lee wrote:
>>>>>>>>>>>> From: "Changheun Lee" <nanich.lee@...sung.com>
>>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>> bio size can grow up to 4GB when muli-page bvec is enabled.
>>>>>>>>>>>> but sometimes it would lead to inefficient behaviors.
>>>>>>>>>>>> in case of large chunk direct I/O, - 64MB chunk read in user space -
>>>>>>>>>>>> all pages for 64MB would be merged to a bio structure if memory address is
>>>>>>>>>>>> continued phsycally. it makes some delay to submit until merge complete.
>>>>>>>>>>>> bio max size should be limited as a proper size.
>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>> But merging physically contiguous pages into the same bvec + later automatic bio
>>>>>>>>>>> split on submit should give you better throughput for large IOs compared to
>>>>>>>>>>> having to issue a bio chain of smaller BIOs that are arbitrarily sized and will
>>>>>>>>>>> likely need splitting anyway (because of DMA boundaries etc).
>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>> Do you have a specific case where you see higher performance with this patch
>>>>>>>>>>> applied ? On Intel, BIO_MAX_SIZE would be 1MB... That is arbitrary and too small
>>>>>>>>>>> considering that many hardware can execute larger IOs than that.
>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>> When I tested 32MB chunk read with O_DIRECT in android, all pages of 32MB
>>>>>>>>>> is merged into a bio structure.
>>>>>>>>>> And elapsed time to merge complete was about 2ms.
>>>>>>>>>> It means first bio-submit is after 2ms.
>>>>>>>>>> If bio size is limited with 1MB with this patch, first bio-submit is about
>>>>>>>>>> 100us by bio_full operation.
>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>> bio_submit() will split the large BIO case into multiple requests while the
>>>>>>>>> small BIO case will likely result one or two requests only. That likely explain
>>>>>>>>> the time difference here. However, for the large case, the 2ms will issue ALL
>>>>>>>>> requests needed for processing the entire 32MB user IO while the 1MB bio case
>>>>>>>>> will need 32 different bio_submit() calls. So what is the actual total latency
>>>>>>>>> difference for the entire 32MB user IO ? That is I think what needs to be
>>>>>>>>> compared here.
>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>> Also, what is your device max_sectors_kb and max queue depth ?
>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>> 32MB total latency is about 19ms including merge time without this patch.
>>>>>>>> But with this patch, total latency is about 17ms including merge time too.
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> 19ms looks too big just for preparing one 32MB sized bio, which isn't
>>>>>>> supposed to
>>>>>>> take so long.  Can you investigate where the 19ms is taken just for
>>>>>>> preparing one
>>>>>>> 32MB sized bio?
>>>>>>
>>>>>> Changheun mentioned that the device side IO latency is 16.7ms out of the 19ms
>>>>>> total. So the BIO handling, submission+completion takes about 2.3ms, and
>>>>>> Changheun points above to 2ms for the submission part.
>>>>>
>>>>> OK, looks I misunderstood the data.
>>>>>
>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> It might be iov_iter_get_pages() for handling page fault. If yes, one suggestion
>>>>>>> is to enable THP(Transparent HugePage Support) in your application.
>>>>>>
>>>>>> But if that was due to page faults, the same large-ish time would be taken for
>>>>>> the preparing the size-limited BIOs too, no ? No matter how the BIOs are diced,
>>>>>> all 32MB of pages of the user IO are referenced...
>>>>>
>>>>> If bio size is reduced to 1MB, just 256 pages need to be faulted before submitting this
>>>>> bio, instead of 256*32 pages, that is why the following words are mentioned:
>>>>>
>>>>> 	It means first bio-submit is after 2ms.
>>>>> 	If bio size is limited with 1MB with this patch, first bio-submit is about
>>>>> 	100us by bio_full operation.
>>>>
>>>> Yes, but eventually, all pages for the 32MB IO will be faulted in, just not in
>>>> one go. Overall number of page faults is likely the same as with the large BIO
>>>> preparation. So I think we are back to my previous point, that is, reducing the
>>>> device idle time by starting a BIO more quickly, even a small one, leads to
>>>> overlap between CPU time needed for the next BIO preparation and previous BIO
>>>> execution, reducing overall the latency for the entire 32MB user IO.
>>>
>>> When bio size is reduced from 32M to 1M:
>>>
>>> 1MB/(P(1M) + D(1M)) may become bigger than 32MB/(P(1M) + D(1M)), so
>>> throughput is improved.
>>
>> I think that the reason is that P(1M) < D(1M) and so there is overlap between P
>> and D: P of the next BIO is done on the CPU while D of the previous BIO is
>> ongoing on the device, assuming there is no plugging.
> 
> Looks you are talking about AIO. IMO, if AIO is used in Changheun's
> test, the UFS controller pipeline can be saturated easily by many
> enough(> 8 or more) 32M requests(preparing each takes 2ms, and device need
> 16ms to handle 32MB req), then there shouldn't be such issue.
> 
> So I guess Changheun uses sync dio, and the 2ms preparing time is added
> to bio submission delay every time.
> 
> Changheun, can you talk about your 32MB block size direct IO test in a
> bit detail? AIO or sync dio? Do you have fio command line to reproduce
> this issue?

Maybe also provide a blktrace output of for one 32MB IO execution ?

> 
> 
> Thanks, 
> Ming
> 
> 


-- 
Damien Le Moal
Western Digital Research

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