Date:   Sun, 17 Jan 2021 20:03:32 +0100
From:   Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@...ux-m68k.org>
To:     Palmer Dabbelt <palmer@...belt.com>
Cc:     Atish Patra <atishp@...shpatra.org>,
        Atish Patra <Atish.Patra@....com>,
        Albert Ou <aou@...s.berkeley.edu>,
        Anup Patel <Anup.Patel@....com>,
        Linux Kernel Mailing List <linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org>,
        linux-riscv <linux-riscv@...ts.infradead.org>,
        Paul Walmsley <paul.walmsley@...ive.com>,
        Nick Kossifidis <mick@....forth.gr>,
        Andrew Morton <akpm@...ux-foundation.org>,
        Ard Biesheuvel <ardb@...nel.org>,
        Mike Rapoport <rppt@...nel.org>
Subject: Re: [PATCH 3/4] RISC-V: Fix L1_CACHE_BYTES for RV32

Hi Palmer,

On Fri, Jan 15, 2021 at 11:44 PM Palmer Dabbelt <palmer@...belt.com> wrote:
> On Thu, 14 Jan 2021 23:59:04 PST (-0800), geert@...ux-m68k.org wrote:
> > On Thu, Jan 14, 2021 at 10:11 PM Atish Patra <atishp@...shpatra.org> wrote:
> >> On Thu, Jan 14, 2021 at 11:46 AM Palmer Dabbelt <palmer@...belt.com> wrote:
> >> > On Thu, 14 Jan 2021 10:33:01 PST (-0800), atishp@...shpatra.org wrote:
> >> > > On Wed, Jan 13, 2021 at 9:10 PM Palmer Dabbelt <palmer@...belt.com> wrote:
> >> > >>
> >> > >> On Thu, 07 Jan 2021 01:26:51 PST (-0800), Atish Patra wrote:
> >> > >> > SMP_CACHE_BYTES/L1_CACHE_BYTES should be defined as 32 instead of
> >> > >> > 64 for RV32. Otherwise, there will be hole of 32 bytes with each memblock
> >> > >> > allocation if it is requested to be aligned with SMP_CACHE_BYTES.
> >> > >> >
> >> > >> > Signed-off-by: Atish Patra <atish.patra@....com>
> >> > >> > ---
> >> > >> >  arch/riscv/include/asm/cache.h | 4 ++++
> >> > >> >  1 file changed, 4 insertions(+)
> >> > >> >
> >> > >> > diff --git a/arch/riscv/include/asm/cache.h b/arch/riscv/include/asm/cache.h
> >> > >> > index 9b58b104559e..c9c669ea2fe6 100644
> >> > >> > --- a/arch/riscv/include/asm/cache.h
> >> > >> > +++ b/arch/riscv/include/asm/cache.h
> >> > >> > @@ -7,7 +7,11 @@
> >> > >> >  #ifndef _ASM_RISCV_CACHE_H
> >> > >> >  #define _ASM_RISCV_CACHE_H
> >> > >> >
> >> > >> > +#ifdef CONFIG_64BIT
> >> > >> >  #define L1_CACHE_SHIFT               6
> >> > >> > +#else
> >> > >> > +#define L1_CACHE_SHIFT               5
> >> > >> > +#endif
> >> > >> >
> >> > >> >  #define L1_CACHE_BYTES               (1 << L1_CACHE_SHIFT)
> >> > >>
> >> > >> Should we not instead just
> >> > >>
> >> > >> #define SMP_CACHE_BYTES L1_CACHE_BYTES
> >> > >>
> >> > >> like a handful of architectures do?
> >> > >>
> >> > >
> >> > > The generic code already defines it that way in include/linux/cache.h
> >> > >
> >> > >> The cache size is sort of fake here, as we don't have any non-coherent
> >> > >> mechanisms, but IIRC we wrote somewhere that it's recommended to have 64-byte
> >> > >> cache lines in RISC-V implementations as software may assume that for
> >> > >> performance reasons.  Not really a strong reason, but I'd prefer to just make
> >> > >> these match.
> >> > >>
> >> > >
> >> > > If it is documented somewhere in the kernel, we should update that. I
> >> > > think SMP_CACHE_BYTES being 64
> >> > > actually degrades the performance as there will be a fragmented memory
> >> > > blocks with 32 bit bytes gap wherever
> >> > > SMP_CACHE_BYTES is used as an alignment requirement.
> >> >
> >> > I don't buy that: if you're trying to align to the cache size then the gaps are
> >> > the whole point.  IIUC the 64-byte cache lines come from DDR, not XLEN, so
> >> > there's really no reason for these to be different between the base ISAs.
> >> >
> >>
> >> Got your point. I noticed this when fixing the resource tree issue
> >> where the SMP_CACHE_BYTES
> >> alignment was not intentional but causing the issue. The real issue
> >> was solved via another patch in this series though.
> >>
> >> Just to clarify, if the allocation function intends to allocate
> >> consecutive memory, it should use 32 instead of SMP_CACHE_BYTES.
> >> This will lead to a #ifdef macro in the code.
> >>
> >> > > In addition to that, Geert Uytterhoeven mentioned some panic on vex32
> >> > > without this patch.
> >> > > I didn't see anything in Qemu though.
> >> >
> >> > Something like that is probably only going to show up on real hardware, QEMU
> >> > doesn't really do anything with the cache line size.  That said, as there's
> >> > nothing in our kernel now related to non-coherent memory there really should
> >> > only be performance issue (at least until we have non-coherent systems).
> >> >
> >> > I'd bet that the change is just masking some other bug, either in the software
> >> > or the hardware.  I'd prefer to root cause this rather than just working around
> >> > it, as it'll probably come back later and in a more difficult way to find.
> >> >
> >>
> >> Agreed. @Geert Uytterhoeven Can you do a further analysis of the panic
> >> you were saying ?
> >> We may need to change an alignment requirement to 32 for RV32 manually
> >> at some place in code.
> >
> > My findings were in
> > https://lore.kernel.org/linux-riscv/CAMuHMdWf6K-5y02+WJ6Khu1cD6P0n5x1wYQikrECkuNtAA1pgg@mail.gmail.com/
> >
> > Note that when the memblock.reserved list kept increasing, it kept on
> > adding the same entry to the list.  But that was fixed by "[PATCH 1/4]
> > RISC-V: Do not allocate memblock while iterating reserved memblocks".
> >
> > After that, only the (reproducible) "Unable to handle kernel paging
> > request at virtual address 61636473" was left, always at the same place.
> > No idea where the actual corruption happened.
>
> Thanks.  Presumably I need an FPGA to run this?  That will make it tricky to
> find anything here on my end.

In theory, it should work with the LiteX simulation, too.
I.e. follow the instructions at
https://github.com/litex-hub/linux-on-litex-vexriscv
You can find prebuilt binaries at
https://github.com/litex-hub/linux-on-litex-vexriscv/issues/164
Take images/opensbi.bin from opensbi_2020_12_15.zip, and
images/rootfs.cpio from linux_2021_01_11.zip.
Take images/Image from your own kernel build.

Unfortunately it seems the simulator is currently broken, and kernels
(both prebuilt and my own config) hang after
"sched_clock: 64 bits at 1000kHz, resolution 1000ns, wraps every
2199023255500ns"

Gr{oetje,eeting}s,

                        Geert

-- 
Geert Uytterhoeven -- There's lots of Linux beyond ia32 -- geert@...ux-m68k.org

In personal conversations with technical people, I call myself a hacker. But
when I'm talking to journalists I just say "programmer" or something like that.
                                -- Linus Torvalds

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