linux-kernel - Re: [PATCH] percpu: fix clang modpost warning in pcpu_build_alloc

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Message-ID: <YA+khB+34zmp+Aj7@google.com>
Date:   Tue, 26 Jan 2021 05:11:32 +0000
From:   Dennis Zhou <dennis@...nel.org>
To:     Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@...gle.com>,
        Arnd Bergmann <arnd@...nel.org>
Cc:     Nathan Chancellor <natechancellor@...il.com>,
        Tejun Heo <tj@...nel.org>, Christoph Lameter <cl@...ux.com>,
        Linux-MM <linux-mm@...ck.org>,
        "linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org" <linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org>,
        clang-built-linux <clang-built-linux@...glegroups.com>,
        kbuild-all@...ts.01.org, kernel test robot <lkp@...el.com>
Subject: Re: [PATCH] percpu: fix clang modpost warning in
 pcpu_build_alloc_info()

Hi Nick,

On Mon, Jan 25, 2021 at 10:27:11AM -0800, Nick Desaulniers wrote:
> On Mon, Jan 25, 2021 at 3:07 AM Arnd Bergmann <arnd@...nel.org> wrote:
> >
> > On Tue, Jan 5, 2021 at 1:55 AM Dennis Zhou <dennis@...nel.org> wrote:
> > >
> > > On Mon, Jan 04, 2021 at 04:46:51PM -0700, Nathan Chancellor wrote:
> > > > On Thu, Dec 31, 2020 at 09:28:52PM +0000, Dennis Zhou wrote:
> > > > >
> > >
> > > Hi Nathan,
> > >
> > > >
> > > > Hi Dennis,
> > > >
> > > > I did a bisect of the problematic config against defconfig and it points
> > > > out that CONFIG_GCOV_PROFILE_ALL is in the bad config but not the good
> > > > config, which makes some sense as that will mess with clang's inlining
> > > > heuristics. It does not appear to be the single config that makes a
> > > > difference but it gives some clarity.
> > > >
> > >
> > > Ah, thanks. To me it's kind of a corner case that I don't have a lot of
> > > insight into. __init code is pretty limited and this warning is really
> > > at the compilers whim. However, in this case only clang throws this
> > > warning.
> > >
> > > > I do not personally have any strong opinions around the patch but is it
> > > > really that much wasted memory to just annotate mask with __refdata?
> > >
> > > It's really not much memory, 1 bit per max # of cpus. The reported
> > > config is on the extreme side compiling with 8k NR_CPUS, so 1kb. I'm
> > > just not in love with the idea of adding a patch to improve readability
> > > and it cost idle memory to resolve a compile time warning.
> > >
> > > If no one else chimes in in the next few days, I'll probably just apply
> > > it and go from there. If another issue comes up I'll drop this and tag
> > > it as __refdata.
> >
> > I've come across this one again in linux-next today, and found that
> > I had an old patch for it already, that I had never submitted:
> >
> > From 7d6f40414490092b86f1a64d8c42426ee350da1a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
> > From: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@...db.de>
> > Date: Mon, 7 Dec 2020 23:24:20 +0100
> > Subject: [PATCH] mm: percpu: fix section mismatch warning
> >
> > Building with arm64 clang sometimes (fairly rarely) shows a
> > warning about the pcpu_build_alloc_info() function:
> >
> > WARNING: modpost: vmlinux.o(.text+0x21697c): Section mismatch in
> > reference from the function cpumask_clear_cpu() to the variable
> > .init.data:pcpu_build_alloc_info.mask
> > The function cpumask_clear_cpu() references
> > the variable __initdata pcpu_build_alloc_info.mask.
> > This is often because cpumask_clear_cpu lacks a __initdata
> > annotation or the annotation of pcpu_build_alloc_info.mask is wrong.
> >
> > What appears to be going on here is that the compiler decides to not
> > inline the cpumask_clear_cpu() function that is marked 'inline' but not
> > 'always_inline', and it then produces a specialized version of it that
> > references the static mask unconditionally as an optimization.
> >
> > Marking cpumask_clear_cpu() as __always_inline would fix it, as would
> > removing the __initdata annotation on the variable.  I went for marking
> > the function as __attribute__((flatten)) instead because all functions
> 
> I had to look this one up; it's new to me!
> https://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/Common-Function-Attributes.html#Common-Function-Attributes
> https://awesomekling.github.io/Smarter-C++-inlining-with-attribute-flatten/
> 
> Seems pretty cool/flexible to control inlining on the caller side!
> 
> At the least though, we should avoid open coding the function attributes.  See
> include/linux/compiler_attributes.h
> 

Arnd do you mind spinning a new version to add __flatten to
compiler_attributes.h?

> Testing quickly in godbolt, __flatten__ has been supported since at
> least clang 3.5 and gcc 4.4, FWIW (so it doesn't need a
> __has_attribute guard).
> 

Thanks for testing this!

Thanks,
Dennis