Date:   Wed, 24 Mar 2021 11:55:32 +0100
From:   Peter Zijlstra <peterz@...radead.org>
To:     Josh Don <joshdon@...gle.com>
Cc:     Ingo Molnar <mingo@...hat.com>, Juri Lelli <juri.lelli@...hat.com>,
        Vincent Guittot <vincent.guittot@...aro.org>,
        Dietmar Eggemann <dietmar.eggemann@....com>,
        Steven Rostedt <rostedt@...dmis.org>,
        Ben Segall <bsegall@...gle.com>, Mel Gorman <mgorman@...e.de>,
        Daniel Bristot de Oliveira <bristot@...hat.com>,
        Luis Chamberlain <mcgrof@...nel.org>,
        Kees Cook <keescook@...omium.org>,
        Iurii Zaikin <yzaikin@...gle.com>,
        linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org, linux-fsdevel@...r.kernel.org,
        David Rientjes <rientjes@...gle.com>,
        Oleg Rombakh <olegrom@...gle.com>, linux-doc@...r.kernel.org,
        Paul Turner <pjt@...gle.com>
Subject: Re: [PATCH v2] sched: Warn on long periods of pending need_resched

On Wed, Mar 24, 2021 at 11:54:24AM +0100, Peter Zijlstra wrote:
> On Wed, Mar 24, 2021 at 10:37:43AM +0100, Peter Zijlstra wrote:
> > Should we perhaps take out all SCHED_DEBUG sysctls and move them to
> > /debug/sched/ ? (along with the existing /debug/sched_{debug,features,preemp}
> > files)
> > 
> > Having all that in sysctl and documented gives them far too much sheen
> > of ABI.
> 
> ... a little something like this ...
> 

And then the parent post becomes something like this..

---
Subject: sched: Warn on long periods of pending need_resched
From: Paul Turner <pjt@...gle.com>
Date: Mon, 22 Mar 2021 20:57:06 -0700

From: Paul Turner <pjt@...gle.com>

CPU scheduler marks need_resched flag to signal a schedule() on a
particular CPU. But, schedule() may not happen immediately in cases
where the current task is executing in the kernel mode (no
preemption state) for extended periods of time.

This patch adds a warn_on if need_resched is pending for more than the
time specified in sysctl resched_latency_warn_ms. If it goes off, it is
likely that there is a missing cond_resched() somewhere. Monitoring is
done via the tick and the accuracy is hence limited to jiffy scale. This
also means that we won't trigger the warning if the tick is disabled.

This feature is default disabled.

Signed-off-by: Paul Turner <pjt@...gle.com>
Signed-off-by: Josh Don <joshdon@...gle.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@...radead.org>
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210323035706.572953-1-joshdon@google.com
---
 include/linux/sched/sysctl.h |    3 +
 kernel/sched/core.c          |   75 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-
 kernel/sched/debug.c         |   13 +++++++
 kernel/sched/features.h      |    2 +
 kernel/sched/sched.h         |   10 +++++
 5 files changed, 102 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

--- a/include/linux/sched/sysctl.h
+++ b/include/linux/sched/sysctl.h
@@ -48,6 +48,9 @@ extern unsigned int sysctl_numa_balancin
 #ifdef CONFIG_SCHED_DEBUG
 extern __read_mostly unsigned int sysctl_sched_migration_cost;
 extern __read_mostly unsigned int sysctl_sched_nr_migrate;
+
+extern int sysctl_resched_latency_warn_ms;
+extern int sysctl_resched_latency_warn_once;
 #endif
 
 /*
--- a/kernel/sched/core.c
+++ b/kernel/sched/core.c
@@ -58,7 +58,21 @@ const_debug unsigned int sysctl_sched_fe
 #include "features.h"
 	0;
 #undef SCHED_FEAT
-#endif
+
+/*
+ * Print a warning if need_resched is set for the given duration (if
+ * resched_latency_warn_enabled is set).
+ *
+ * If sysctl_resched_latency_warn_once is set, only one warning will be shown
+ * per boot.
+ *
+ * Resched latency will be ignored for the first resched_boot_quiet_sec, to
+ * reduce false alarms.
+ */
+int sysctl_resched_latency_warn_ms = 100;
+int sysctl_resched_latency_warn_once = 1;
+const long resched_boot_quiet_sec = 600;
+#endif /* CONFIG_SCHED_DEBUG */
 
 /*
  * Number of tasks to iterate in a single balance run.
@@ -4485,6 +4499,56 @@ unsigned long long task_sched_runtime(st
 	return ns;
 }
 
+#ifdef CONFIG_SCHED_DEBUG
+static u64 resched_latency_check(struct rq *rq)
+{
+	int latency_warn_ms = READ_ONCE(sysctl_resched_latency_warn_ms);
+	u64 need_resched_latency, now = rq_clock(rq);
+	static bool warned_once;
+
+	if (sysctl_resched_latency_warn_once && warned_once)
+		return 0;
+
+	if (!need_resched() || WARN_ON_ONCE(latency_warn_ms < 2))
+		return 0;
+
+	/* Disable this warning for the first few mins after boot */
+	if (now < resched_boot_quiet_sec * NSEC_PER_SEC)
+		return 0;
+
+	if (!rq->last_seen_need_resched_ns) {
+		rq->last_seen_need_resched_ns = now;
+		rq->ticks_without_resched = 0;
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	rq->ticks_without_resched++;
+	need_resched_latency = now - rq->last_seen_need_resched_ns;
+	if (need_resched_latency <= latency_warn_ms * NSEC_PER_MSEC)
+		return 0;
+
+	warned_once = true;
+
+	return need_resched_latency;
+}
+
+static int __init setup_resched_latency_warn_ms(char *str)
+{
+	long val;
+
+	if ((kstrtol(str, 0, &val))) {
+		pr_warn("Unable to set resched_latency_warn_ms\n");
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	sysctl_resched_latency_warn_ms = val;
+	return 1;
+}
+__setup("resched_latency_warn_ms=", setup_resched_latency_warn_ms);
+#else
+static inline u64 resched_latency_check(struct rq *rq) { return 0; }
+#endif /* CONFIG_SCHED_DEBUG */
+
 /*
  * This function gets called by the timer code, with HZ frequency.
  * We call it with interrupts disabled.
@@ -4496,6 +4560,7 @@ void scheduler_tick(void)
 	struct task_struct *curr = rq->curr;
 	struct rq_flags rf;
 	unsigned long thermal_pressure;
+	u64 resched_latency;
 
 	arch_scale_freq_tick();
 	sched_clock_tick();
@@ -4506,10 +4571,15 @@ void scheduler_tick(void)
 	thermal_pressure = arch_scale_thermal_pressure(cpu_of(rq));
 	update_thermal_load_avg(rq_clock_thermal(rq), rq, thermal_pressure);
 	curr->sched_class->task_tick(rq, curr, 0);
+	if (sched_feat(LATENCY_WARN))
+		resched_latency = resched_latency_check(rq);
 	calc_global_load_tick(rq);
 
 	rq_unlock(rq, &rf);
 
+	if (sched_feat(LATENCY_WARN) && resched_latency)
+		resched_latency_warn(cpu, resched_latency);
+
 	perf_event_task_tick();
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_SMP
@@ -5004,6 +5074,9 @@ static void __sched notrace __schedule(b
 	next = pick_next_task(rq, prev, &rf);
 	clear_tsk_need_resched(prev);
 	clear_preempt_need_resched();
+#ifdef CONFIG_SCHED_DEBUG
+	rq->last_seen_need_resched_ns = 0;
+#endif
 
 	if (likely(prev != next)) {
 		rq->nr_switches++;
--- a/kernel/sched/debug.c
+++ b/kernel/sched/debug.c
@@ -321,6 +321,9 @@ static __init int sched_init_debug(void)
 	debugfs_create_u32("min_granularity_ns", 0644, debugfs_sched, &sysctl_sched_min_granularity);
 	debugfs_create_u32("wakeup_granularity_ns", 0644, debugfs_sched, &sysctl_sched_wakeup_granularity);
 
+	debugfs_create_u32("latency_warn_ms", 0644, debugfs_sched, &sysctl_resched_latency_warn_ms);
+	debugfs_create_u32("latency_warn_once", 0644, debugfs_sched, &sysctl_resched_latency_warn_once);
+
 #ifdef CONFIG_SMP
 	debugfs_create_file("tunable_scaling", 0644, debugfs_sched, NULL, &sched_scaling_fops);
 	debugfs_create_u32("migration_cost_ns", 0644, debugfs_sched, &sysctl_sched_migration_cost);
@@ -1194,3 +1197,13 @@ void proc_sched_set_task(struct task_str
 	memset(&p->se.statistics, 0, sizeof(p->se.statistics));
 #endif
 }
+
+void resched_latency_warn(int cpu, u64 latency)
+{
+	static DEFINE_RATELIMIT_STATE(latency_check_ratelimit, 60 * 60 * HZ, 1);
+
+	WARN(__ratelimit(&latency_check_ratelimit),
+	     "sched: CPU %d need_resched set for > %llu ns (%d ticks) "
+	     "without schedule\n",
+	     cpu, latency, cpu_rq(cpu)->ticks_without_resched);
+}
--- a/kernel/sched/features.h
+++ b/kernel/sched/features.h
@@ -90,3 +90,5 @@ SCHED_FEAT(WA_BIAS, true)
  */
 SCHED_FEAT(UTIL_EST, true)
 SCHED_FEAT(UTIL_EST_FASTUP, true)
+
+SCHED_FEAT(LATENCY_WARN, false)
--- a/kernel/sched/sched.h
+++ b/kernel/sched/sched.h
@@ -58,6 +58,7 @@
 #include <linux/prefetch.h>
 #include <linux/profile.h>
 #include <linux/psi.h>
+#include <linux/ratelimit.h>
 #include <linux/rcupdate_wait.h>
 #include <linux/security.h>
 #include <linux/stop_machine.h>
@@ -971,6 +972,11 @@ struct rq {
 
 	atomic_t		nr_iowait;
 
+#ifdef CONFIG_SCHED_DEBUG
+	u64 last_seen_need_resched_ns;
+	int ticks_without_resched;
+#endif
+
 #ifdef CONFIG_MEMBARRIER
 	int membarrier_state;
 #endif
@@ -2374,6 +2380,8 @@ extern void print_dl_stats(struct seq_fi
 extern void print_cfs_rq(struct seq_file *m, int cpu, struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq);
 extern void print_rt_rq(struct seq_file *m, int cpu, struct rt_rq *rt_rq);
 extern void print_dl_rq(struct seq_file *m, int cpu, struct dl_rq *dl_rq);
+
+extern void resched_latency_warn(int cpu, u64 latency);
 #ifdef CONFIG_NUMA_BALANCING
 extern void
 show_numa_stats(struct task_struct *p, struct seq_file *m);
@@ -2381,6 +2389,8 @@ extern void
 print_numa_stats(struct seq_file *m, int node, unsigned long tsf,
 	unsigned long tpf, unsigned long gsf, unsigned long gpf);
 #endif /* CONFIG_NUMA_BALANCING */
+#else
+static inline void resched_latency_warn(int cpu, u64 latency) {}
 #endif /* CONFIG_SCHED_DEBUG */
 
 extern void init_cfs_rq(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq);

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