linux-kernel - [PATCH 5.11 190/601] x86/microcode: Check for offline CPUs before requesting new microcode

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Date:   Wed, 12 May 2021 16:44:27 +0200
From:   Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@...uxfoundation.org>
To:     linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org
Cc:     Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@...uxfoundation.org>,
        stable@...r.kernel.org, Otavio Pontes <otavio.pontes@...el.com>,
        Borislav Petkov <bp@...e.de>, Tony Luck <tony.luck@...el.com>,
        Ashok Raj <ashok.raj@...el.com>,
        Sasha Levin <sashal@...nel.org>
Subject: [PATCH 5.11 190/601] x86/microcode: Check for offline CPUs before requesting new microcode

From: Otavio Pontes <otavio.pontes@...el.com>

[ Upstream commit 7189b3c11903667808029ec9766a6e96de5012a5 ]

Currently, the late microcode loading mechanism checks whether any CPUs
are offlined, and, in such a case, aborts the load attempt.

However, this must be done before the kernel caches new microcode from
the filesystem. Otherwise, when offlined CPUs are onlined later, those
cores are going to be updated through the CPU hotplug notifier callback
with the new microcode, while CPUs previously onine will continue to run
with the older microcode.

For example:

Turn off one core (2 threads):

  echo 0 > /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu3/online
  echo 0 > /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu1/online

Install the ucode fails because a primary SMT thread is offline:

  cp intel-ucode/06-8e-09 /lib/firmware/intel-ucode/
  echo 1 > /sys/devices/system/cpu/microcode/reload
  bash: echo: write error: Invalid argument

Turn the core back on

  echo 1 > /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu3/online
  echo 1 > /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu1/online
  cat /proc/cpuinfo |grep microcode
  microcode : 0x30
  microcode : 0xde
  microcode : 0x30
  microcode : 0xde

The rationale for why the update is aborted when at least one primary
thread is offline is because even if that thread is soft-offlined
and idle, it will still have to participate in broadcasted MCE's
synchronization dance or enter SMM, and in both examples it will execute
instructions so it better have the same microcode revision as the other
cores.

 [ bp: Heavily edit and extend commit message with the reasoning behind all
   this. ]

Fixes: 30ec26da9967 ("x86/microcode: Do not upload microcode if CPUs are offline")
Signed-off-by: Otavio Pontes <otavio.pontes@...el.com>
Signed-off-by: Borislav Petkov <bp@...e.de>
Reviewed-by: Tony Luck <tony.luck@...el.com>
Acked-by: Ashok Raj <ashok.raj@...el.com>
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210319165515.9240-2-otavio.pontes@intel.com
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@...nel.org>
---
 arch/x86/kernel/cpu/microcode/core.c | 8 ++++----
 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/microcode/core.c b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/microcode/core.c
index ec6f0415bc6d..bbbd248fe913 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/microcode/core.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/microcode/core.c
@@ -629,16 +629,16 @@ static ssize_t reload_store(struct device *dev,
 	if (val != 1)
 		return size;
 
-	tmp_ret = microcode_ops->request_microcode_fw(bsp, &microcode_pdev->dev, true);
-	if (tmp_ret != UCODE_NEW)
-		return size;
-
 	get_online_cpus();
 
 	ret = check_online_cpus();
 	if (ret)
 		goto put;
 
+	tmp_ret = microcode_ops->request_microcode_fw(bsp, &microcode_pdev->dev, true);
+	if (tmp_ret != UCODE_NEW)
+		goto put;
+
 	mutex_lock(&microcode_mutex);
 	ret = microcode_reload_late();
 	mutex_unlock(&microcode_mutex);
-- 
2.30.2