linux-kernel - Re: [PATCH v8 3/5] arm64: perf: Enable PMU counter userspace access for perf event

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Date:   Tue, 1 Jun 2021 14:55:26 +0100
From:   Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@....com>
To:     Rob Herring <robh@...nel.org>
Cc:     Will Deacon <will@...nel.org>,
        Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@....com>,
        Peter Zijlstra <peterz@...radead.org>,
        Ingo Molnar <mingo@...hat.com>,
        Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@...nel.org>,
        Jiri Olsa <jolsa@...hat.com>,
        Kan Liang <kan.liang@...ux.intel.com>,
        Ian Rogers <irogers@...gle.com>,
        Alexander Shishkin <alexander.shishkin@...ux.intel.com>,
        honnappa.nagarahalli@....com, Zachary.Leaf@....com,
        Raphael Gault <raphael.gault@....com>,
        Jonathan Cameron <Jonathan.Cameron@...wei.com>,
        Namhyung Kim <namhyung@...nel.org>,
        Itaru Kitayama <itaru.kitayama@...il.com>,
        linux-arm-kernel@...ts.infradead.org, linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org
Subject: Re: [PATCH v8 3/5] arm64: perf: Enable PMU counter userspace access
 for perf event

On Mon, May 17, 2021 at 02:54:03PM -0500, Rob Herring wrote:
> Arm PMUs can support direct userspace access of counters which allows for
> low overhead (i.e. no syscall) self-monitoring of tasks. The same feature
> exists on x86 called 'rdpmc'. Unlike x86, userspace access will only be
> enabled for thread bound events. This could be extended if needed, but
> simplifies the implementation and reduces the chances for any
> information leaks (which the x86 implementation suffers from).
> 
> When an event is capable of userspace access and has been mmapped, userspace
> access is enabled when the event is scheduled on a CPU's PMU. There's some
> additional overhead clearing counters when disabled in order to prevent
> leaking disabled counter data from other tasks.
> 
> Unlike x86, enabling of userspace access must be requested with a new
> attr bit: config1:1. If the user requests userspace access and 64-bit
> counters, then chaining will be disabled and the user will get the
> maximum size counter the underlying h/w can support. The modes for
> config1 are as follows:
> 
> config1 = 0 : user access disabled and always 32-bit
> config1 = 1 : user access disabled and always 64-bit (using chaining if needed)
> config1 = 2 : user access enabled and always 32-bit
> config1 = 3 : user access enabled and counter size matches underlying counter.
> 
> Based on work by Raphael Gault <raphael.gault@....com>, but has been
> completely re-written.
> 
> Signed-off-by: Rob Herring <robh@...nel.org>

[...]

> +static void armv8pmu_enable_user_access(struct arm_pmu *cpu_pmu)
> +{
> +	struct pmu_hw_events *cpuc = this_cpu_ptr(cpu_pmu->hw_events);
> +
> +	if (!bitmap_empty(cpuc->dirty_mask, ARMPMU_MAX_HWEVENTS)) {
> +		int i;
> +		/* Don't need to clear assigned counters. */
> +		bitmap_xor(cpuc->dirty_mask, cpuc->dirty_mask, cpuc->used_mask, ARMPMU_MAX_HWEVENTS);
> +
> +		for_each_set_bit(i, cpuc->dirty_mask, ARMPMU_MAX_HWEVENTS) {
> +			if (i == ARMV8_IDX_CYCLE_COUNTER)
> +				write_sysreg(0, pmccntr_el0);
> +			else
> +				armv8pmu_write_evcntr(i, 0);
> +		}
> +		bitmap_zero(cpuc->dirty_mask, ARMPMU_MAX_HWEVENTS);
> +	}
> +
> +	write_sysreg(ARMV8_PMU_USERENR_ER | ARMV8_PMU_USERENR_CR, pmuserenr_el0);
> +}

This still leaks the values of CPU-bound events, or task-bound events
owned by others, right?

[...]

> +static void armv8pmu_event_mapped(struct perf_event *event, struct mm_struct *mm)
> +{
> +	if (!(event->hw.flags & ARMPMU_EL0_RD_CNTR) || (atomic_read(&event->mmap_count) != 1))
> +		return;
> +
> +	if (atomic_inc_return(&event->ctx->nr_user) == 1) {
> +		unsigned long flags;
> +		atomic_inc(&event->pmu->sched_cb_usage);
> +		local_irq_save(flags);
> +		armv8pmu_enable_user_access(to_arm_pmu(event->pmu));
> +		local_irq_restore(flags);
> +	}
> +}
> +
> +static void armv8pmu_event_unmapped(struct perf_event *event, struct mm_struct *mm)
> +{
> +	if (!(event->hw.flags & ARMPMU_EL0_RD_CNTR) || (atomic_read(&event->mmap_count) != 1))
> +		return;
> +
> +	if (atomic_dec_and_test(&event->ctx->nr_user)) {
> +		atomic_dec(&event->pmu->sched_cb_usage);
> +		armv8pmu_disable_user_access();
> +	}
>  }

We can open an event for task A, but call mmap()/munmap() for that event
from task B, which will do the enable/disable on task B rather than task
A. The core doesn't enforce that the mmap is performed on the same core,
so I don't think this is quite right, unfortunately.

I reckon we need to do something with task_function_call() to make this
happen in the context of the expected task.

Thanks,
Mark.