linux-kernel - Re: [RFC] LKMM: Add volatile

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Date:   Mon, 7 Jun 2021 08:28:06 -0700
From:   "Paul E. McKenney" <paulmck@...nel.org>
To:     Marco Elver <elver@...gle.com>
Cc:     Alexander Monakov <amonakov@...ras.ru>,
        Linus Torvalds <torvalds@...ux-foundation.org>,
        Jakub Jelinek <jakub@...hat.com>,
        Alan Stern <stern@...land.harvard.edu>,
        Segher Boessenkool <segher@...nel.crashing.org>,
        Peter Zijlstra <peterz@...radead.org>,
        Will Deacon <will@...nel.org>,
        Andrea Parri <parri.andrea@...il.com>,
        Boqun Feng <boqun.feng@...il.com>,
        Nick Piggin <npiggin@...il.com>,
        David Howells <dhowells@...hat.com>,
        Jade Alglave <j.alglave@....ac.uk>,
        Luc Maranget <luc.maranget@...ia.fr>,
        Akira Yokosawa <akiyks@...il.com>,
        Linux Kernel Mailing List <linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org>,
        linux-toolchains@...r.kernel.org,
        linux-arch <linux-arch@...r.kernel.org>
Subject: Re: [RFC] LKMM: Add volatile_if()

On Mon, Jun 07, 2021 at 10:27:10AM +0200, Marco Elver wrote:
> On Mon, 7 Jun 2021 at 10:02, Alexander Monakov <amonakov@...ras.ru> wrote:
> > On Sun, 6 Jun 2021, Linus Torvalds wrote:
> [...]
> > > On Sun, Jun 6, 2021 at 2:19 PM Alexander Monakov <amonakov@...ras.ru> wrote:
> [...]
> > > Btw, since we have compiler people on line, the suggested 'barrier()'
> > > isn't actually perfect for this particular use:
> > >
> > >    #define barrier() __asm__ __volatile__("" : : "i" (__COUNTER__) : "memory")
> > >
> > > in the general barrier case, we very much want to have that "memory"
> > > clobber, because the whole point of the general barrier case is that
> > > we want to make sure that the compiler doesn't cache memory state
> > > across it (ie the traditional use was basically what we now use
> > > "cpu_relax()" for, and you would use it for busy-looping on some
> > > condition).
> > >
> > > In the case of "volatile_if()", we actually would like to have not a
> > > memory clobber, but a "memory read". IOW, it would be a barrier for
> > > any writes taking place, but reads can move around it.
> > >
> > > I don't know of any way to express that to the compiler. We've used
> > > hacks for it before (in gcc, BLKmode reads turn into that kind of
> > > barrier in practice, so you can do something like make the memory
> > > input to the asm be a big array). But that turned out to be fairly
> > > unreliable, so now we use memory clobbers even if we just mean "reads
> > > random memory".
> >
> > So the barrier which is a compiler barrier but not a machine barrier is
> > __atomic_signal_fence(model), but internally GCC will not treat it smarter
> > than an asm-with-memory-clobber today.
> 
> FWIW, Clang seems to be cleverer about it, and seems to do the optimal
> thing if I use a __atomic_signal_fence(__ATOMIC_RELEASE):
> https://godbolt.org/z/4v5xojqaY

Indeed it does!  But I don't know of a guarantee for that helpful
behavior.

							Thanx, Paul