Date:   Fri, 11 Jun 2021 01:43:20 -0700
From:   Wesley Cheng <wcheng@...eaurora.org>
To:     Felipe Balbi <balbi@...nel.org>,
        Greg KH <gregkh@...uxfoundation.org>
Cc:     agross@...nel.org, bjorn.andersson@...aro.org, robh+dt@...nel.org,
        linux-usb@...r.kernel.org, linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org,
        linux-arm-msm@...r.kernel.org, devicetree@...r.kernel.org,
        jackp@...eaurora.org, Thinh.Nguyen@...opsys.com
Subject: Re: [PATCH v9 0/5] Re-introduce TX FIFO resize for larger EP bursting

Hi Felipe,

On 6/10/2021 11:29 PM, Felipe Balbi wrote:
> 
> Hi,
> 
> Wesley Cheng <wcheng@...eaurora.org> writes:
>>>>>> Greg KH <gregkh@...uxfoundation.org> writes:
>>>>>>> On Wed, May 19, 2021 at 12:49:16AM -0700, Wesley Cheng wrote:
>>>>>>>> Changes in V9:
>>>>>>>>  - Fixed incorrect patch in series.  Removed changes in DTSI, as dwc3-qcom will
>>>>>>>>    add the property by default from the kernel.
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> This patch series has one build failure and one warning added:
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> drivers/usb/dwc3/gadget.c: In function ‘dwc3_gadget_calc_tx_fifo_size’:
>>>>>>> drivers/usb/dwc3/gadget.c:653:45: warning: passing argument 1 of ‘dwc3_mdwidth’ makes pointer from integer without a cast [-Wint-conversion]
>>>>>>>   653 |         mdwidth = dwc3_mdwidth(dwc->hwparams.hwparams0);
>>>>>>>       |                                ~~~~~~~~~~~~~^~~~~~~~~~
>>>>>>>       |                                             |
>>>>>>>       |                                             u32 {aka unsigned int}
>>>>>>> In file included from drivers/usb/dwc3/debug.h:14,
>>>>>>>                  from drivers/usb/dwc3/gadget.c:25:
>>>>>>> drivers/usb/dwc3/core.h:1493:45: note: expected ‘struct dwc3 *’ but argument is of type ‘u32’ {aka ‘unsigned int’}
>>>>>>>  1493 | static inline u32 dwc3_mdwidth(struct dwc3 *dwc)
>>>>>>>       |                                ~~~~~~~~~~~~~^~~
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> drivers/usb/dwc3/dwc3-qcom.c: In function ‘dwc3_qcom_of_register_core’:
>>>>>>> drivers/usb/dwc3/dwc3-qcom.c:660:23: error: implicit declaration of function ‘of_add_property’; did you mean ‘of_get_property’? [-Werror=implicit-function-declaration]
>>>>>>>   660 |                 ret = of_add_property(dwc3_np, prop);
>>>>>>>       |                       ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
>>>>>>>       |                       of_get_property
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> How did you test these?
>>>>
>>>> I ran these changes on our internal branches, which were probably
>>>> missing some of the recent changes done to the DWC3 drivers.  Will fix
>>>> the above compile errors and re-submit.
>>>>
>>>> In regards to how much these changes have been tested, we've been
>>>> maintaining the TX FIFO resize logic downstream for a few years already,
>>>> so its being used in end products.  We also verify this with our
>>>> internal testing, which has certain benchmarks we need to meet.
>>>
>>> the problem with that is that you *know* which gadget is running
>>> there. You know everyone of those is going to run the android
>>> gadget. In a sense, all those multiple products are testing the same
>>> exact use case :-)
>>>
>>
>> Mmmm, the USB gadget has changed from since we've implemented it, such
>> as going from Android gadget to Configfs.  Don't forget, we do have
>> other business segments that use this feature in other configurations as
>> well :).
> 
> :)
> 
>>>>>> to be honest, I don't think these should go in (apart from the build
>>>>>> failure) because it's likely to break instantiations of the core with
>>>>>> differing FIFO sizes. Some instantiations even have some endpoints with
>>>>>> dedicated functionality that requires the default FIFO size configured
>>>>>> during coreConsultant instantiation. I know of at OMAP5 and some Intel
>>>>>> implementations which have dedicated endpoints for processor tracing.
>>>>>>
>>>>>> With OMAP5, these endpoints are configured at the top of the available
>>>>>> endpoints, which means that if a gadget driver gets loaded and takes
>>>>>> over most of the FIFO space because of this resizing, processor tracing
>>>>>> will have a hard time running. That being said, processor tracing isn't
>>>>>> supported in upstream at this moment.
>>>>>>
>>>>
>>>> I agree that the application of this logic may differ between vendors,
>>>> hence why I wanted to keep this controllable by the DT property, so that
>>>> for those which do not support this use case can leave it disabled.  The
>>>> logic is there to ensure that for a given USB configuration, for each EP
>>>> it would have at least 1 TX FIFO.  For USB configurations which don't
>>>> utilize all available IN EPs, it would allow re-allocation of internal
>>>> memory to EPs which will actually be in use.
>>>
>>> The feature ends up being all-or-nothing, then :-) It sounds like we can
>>> be a little nicer in this regard.
>>>
>>
>> Don't get me wrong, I think once those features become available
>> upstream, we can improve the logic.  From what I remember when looking
> 
> sure, I support that. But I want to make sure the first cut isn't likely
> to break things left and right :)
> 
> Hence, let's at least get more testing.
> 

Sure, I'd hope that the other users of DWC3 will also see some pretty
big improvements on the TX path with this.

>> at Andy Shevchenko's Github, the Intel tracer downstream changes were
>> just to remove physical EP1 and 2 from the DWC3 endpoint list.  If that
> 
> right, that's the reason why we introduced the endpoint feature
> flags. The end goal was that the UDC would be able to have custom
> feature flags paired with ->validate_endpoint() or whatever before
> allowing it to be enabled. Then the UDC driver could tell UDC core to
> skip that endpoint on that particular platform without interefering with
> everything else.
> 
> Of course, we still need to figure out a way to abstract the different
> dwc3 instantiations.
> 
>> was the change which ended up upstream for the Intel tracer then we
>> could improve the logic to avoid re-sizing those particular EPs.
> 
> The problem then, just as I mentioned in the previous paragraph, will be
> coming up with a solution that's elegant and works for all different
> instantiations of dwc3 (or musb, cdns3, etc).
> 

Well, at least for the TX FIFO resizing logic, we'd only be needing to
focus on the DWC3 implementation.

You bring up another good topic that I'll eventually needing to be
taking a look at, which is a nice way we can handle vendor specific
endpoints and how they can co-exist with other "normal" endpoints.  We
have a few special HW eps as well, which we try to maintain separately
in our DWC3 vendor driver, but it isn't the most convenient, or most
pretty method :).

>> However, I'm not sure how the changes would look like in the end, so I
>> would like to wait later down the line to include that :).
> 
> Fair enough, I agree. Can we get some more testing of $subject, though?
> Did you test $subject with upstream too? Which gadget drivers did you
> use? How did you test
> 

The results that I included in the cover page was tested with the pure
upstream kernel on our device.  Below was using the ConfigFS gadget w/ a
mass storage only composition.

Test Parameters:
 - Platform: Qualcomm SM8150
 - bMaxBurst = 6
 - USB req size = 256kB
 - Num of USB reqs = 16
 - USB Speed = Super-Speed
 - Function Driver: Mass Storage (w/ ramdisk)
 - Test Application: CrystalDiskMark

Results:

TXFIFO Depth = 3 max packets

Test Case | Data Size | AVG tput (in MB/s)
-------------------------------------------
Sequential|1 GB x     |
Read      |9 loops    | 193.60
	  |           | 195.86
          |           | 184.77
          |           | 193.60
-------------------------------------------

TXFIFO Depth = 6 max packets

Test Case | Data Size | AVG tput (in MB/s)
-------------------------------------------
Sequential|1 GB x     |
Read      |9 loops    | 287.35
	  |           | 304.94
          |           | 289.64
          |           | 293.61
-------------------------------------------

We also have internal numbers which have shown similar improvements as
well.  Those are over networking/tethering interfaces, so testing IPERF
loopback over TCP/UDP.

>>>>>> I still think this may cause other places to break down. The promise the
>>>>>> databook makes is that increasing the FIFO size over 2x wMaxPacketSize
>>>>>> should bring little to no benefit, if we're not maintaining that, I
>>>>>> wonder if the problem is with some of the BUSCFG registers instead,
>>>>>> where we configure interconnect bursting and the like.
>>>>>
>>>>
>>>> I've been referring mainly to the DWC3 programming guide for
>>>> recommendations on how to improve USB performance in:
>>>> Section 3.3.5 System Bus Features to Improve USB Performance
>>>
>>> dwc3 or dwc3.1? Either way, since I left Intel I don't have access to
>>> the databook anymore. I have to trust what you guys are telling me and,
>>> based on the description so far, I don't think we're doing the right
>>> thing (yet).
>>>
>>
>> Ah, I see.  DWC3.1 and DWC3 both have that USB performance section.  I
>> can explain some of the points I made with a bit more detail.  I thought
>> you still had access to it.
> 
> I wish :)
> 
> If Synopsys wants to give me access for the databook, I would not mind :-)
> 
>>> It would be nice if other users would test this patchset with different
>>> gadget drivers and different platforms to have some confidence that
>>> we're limiting possible regressions.
>>>
>>> I would like for Thinh to comment from Synopsys side here.
>>>
>>>> At least when I ran the initial profiling, adjusting the RX/TX
>>>> thresholds brought little to no benefits.  Even in some of the examples,
>>>
>>> right, the FIFO sizes shouldn't help much. At least that's what Paul
>>> told me several years ago. Thinh, has the recommendation changed?
>>>
>>
>> So when I mention the RX/TX thresholds, this is different than the FIFO
>> resize.  The RX/TX threshold is used by the controller to determine when
>> to send or receive data based on the number of available FIFOs.  So for
> 
> oh right, I remember now :-
> 
>> the TX case, if we set the TX threshold, the controller will not start
>> transmitting data over the link after X amount of packets are copied to
>> the TXFIFO.  So for example, a TXFIFO size of 6 w/ a TX threshold of 3,
>> means that the controller will wait for 3 FIFO slots to be filled before
>> it sends the data.  So as you can see, with our configuration of TX FIFO
> 
> yeah, makes sense.
> 
>> size of 2 and TX threshold of 1, this would really be not beneficial to
>> us, because we can only change the TX threshold to 2 at max, and at
>> least in my observations, once we have to go out to system memory to
>> fetch the next data packet, that latency takes enough time for the
>> controller to end the current burst.
> 
> What I noticed with g_mass_storage is that we can amortize the cost of
> fetching data from memory, with a deeper request queue. Whenever I
> test(ed) g_mass_storage, I was doing so with 250 requests. And that was
> enough to give me very good performance. Never had to poke at TX FIFO
> resizing. Did you try something like this too?
> 
> I feel that allocating more requests is a far simpler and more generic
> method that changing FIFO sizes :)
> 

I wish I had a USB bus trace handy to show you, which would make it very
clear how the USB bus is currently utilized with TXFIFO size 2 vs 6.  So
by increasing the number of USB requests, that will help if there was a
bottleneck at the SW level where the application/function driver
utilizing the DWC3 was submitting data much faster than the HW was
processing them.

So yes, this method of increasing the # of USB reqs will definitely help
with situations such as HSUSB or in SSUSB when EP bursting isn't used.
The TXFIFO resize comes into play for SSUSB, which utilizes endpoint
bursting.

Now with endpoint bursting, if the function notifies the host that
bursting is supported, when the host sends the ACK for the Data Packet,
it should have a NumP value equal to the bMaxBurst reported in the EP
desc.  If we have a TXFIFO size of 2, then normally what I have seen is
that after 2 data packets, the device issues a NRDY.  So then we'd need
to send an ERDY once data is available within the FIFO, and the same
sequence happens until the USB request is complete.  With this constant
NRDY/ERDY handshake going on, you actually see that the bus is under
utilized.  When we increase an EP's FIFO size, then you'll see constant
bursts for a request, until the request is done, or if the host runs out
of RXFIFO. (ie no interruption [on the USB protocol level] during USB
request data transfer)

>>>> they have diagrams showing a TXFIFO size of 6 max packets (Figure 3-5).
>>>>  I think its difficult to say that the TX fifo resizing won't help in
>>>> systems with limited, or shared resources where the bus latencies would
>>>> be somewhat larger.  By adjusting the TX FIFO size, the controller would
>>>> be able to fetch more data from system memory into the memory within the
>>>> controller, leading to less frequent end of bursts, etc... as data is
>>>> readily available.
>>>>
>>>> In terms of adjusting the AXI/AHB bursting, I would think the bandwidth
>>>> increase would eventually be constrained based on your system's design.
>>>>  We don't touch the GSBUSCFG registers, and leave them as is based off
>>>> the recommendations from the HW designers.
>>>
>>> Right, I want to touch those as little as possible too :-) However, to
>>> illustrate, the only reason I implemented FIFO resizing was because
>>> OMAP5 ES1 had TX FIFOs that were smaller than a full USB3 packet. HW
>>> Designer's recommendation can be bogus too ;-)
>>>
>>
>> Haha...true, we question their designs only when there's something
>> clearly wrong, but the AXI/AHB settings look good.  :)
> 
> :)
> 
>>>>> Good points.
>>>>>
>>>>> Wesley, what kind of testing have you done on this on different devices?
>>>>>
>>>>
>>>> As mentioned above, these changes are currently present on end user
>>>> devices for the past few years, so its been through a lot of testing :).
>>>
>>> all with the same gadget driver. Also, who uses USB on android devices
>>> these days? Most of the data transfer goes via WiFi or Bluetooth, anyway
>>> :-)
>>>
>>> I guess only developers are using USB during development to flash dev
>>> images heh.
>>>
>>
>> I used to be a customer facing engineer, so honestly I did see some
>> really interesting and crazy designs.  Again, we do have non-Android
>> products that use the same code, and it has been working in there for a
>> few years as well.  The TXFIFO sizing really has helped with multimedia
>> use cases, which use isoc endpoints, since esp. in those lower end CPU
>> chips where latencies across the system are much larger, and a missed
>> ISOC interval leads to a pop in your ear.
> 
> This is good background information. Thanks for bringing this
> up. Admitedly, we still have ISOC issues with dwc3. I'm interested in
> knowing if a deeper request queue would also help here.
> 
> Remember dwc3 can accomodate 255 requests + link for each endpoint. If
> our gadget driver uses a low number of requests, we're never really
> using the TRB ring in our benefit.
> 

We're actually using both a deeper USB request queue + TX fifo resizing. :).

Thanks
Wesley Cheng

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