Date:   Thu, 8 Jul 2021 12:49:23 +1000
From:   Alistair Popple <apopple@...dia.com>
To:     Peter Xu <peterx@...hat.com>
CC:     <linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org>, <linux-mm@...ck.org>,
        Mike Kravetz <mike.kravetz@...cle.com>,
        "Kirill A . Shutemov" <kirill@...temov.name>,
        Jason Gunthorpe <jgg@...pe.ca>,
        Hugh Dickins <hughd@...gle.com>,
        Matthew Wilcox <willy@...radead.org>,
        Andrew Morton <akpm@...ux-foundation.org>,
        Miaohe Lin <linmiaohe@...wei.com>,
        Jerome Glisse <jglisse@...hat.com>,
        Nadav Amit <nadav.amit@...il.com>,
        Axel Rasmussen <axelrasmussen@...gle.com>,
        Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@...hat.com>,
        Mike Rapoport <rppt@...ux.vnet.ibm.com>
Subject: Re: [PATCH v3 11/27] shmem/userfaultfd: Persist uffd-wp bit across zapping for file-backed

On Wednesday, 7 July 2021 1:35:18 AM AEST Peter Xu wrote:
> On Tue, Jul 06, 2021 at 03:40:42PM +1000, Alistair Popple wrote:
> > > > > > > > >  struct page *vm_normal_page(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long addr,
> > > > > > > > >  			     pte_t pte);
> > > > > > > > >  struct page *vm_normal_page_pmd(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long addr,
> > > > > > > > > diff --git a/include/linux/mm_inline.h b/include/linux/mm_inline.h
> > > > > > > > > index 355ea1ee32bd..c29a6ef3a642 100644
> > > > > > > > > --- a/include/linux/mm_inline.h
> > > > > > > > > +++ b/include/linux/mm_inline.h
> > > > > > > > > @@ -4,6 +4,8 @@
> > > > > > > > >  
> > > > > > > > >  #include <linux/huge_mm.h>
> > > > > > > > >  #include <linux/swap.h>
> > > > > > > > > +#include <linux/userfaultfd_k.h>
> > > > > > > > > +#include <linux/swapops.h>
> > > > > > > > >  
> > > > > > > > >  /**
> > > > > > > > >   * page_is_file_lru - should the page be on a file LRU or anon LRU?
> > > > > > > > > @@ -104,4 +106,45 @@ static __always_inline void del_page_from_lru_list(struct page *page,
> > > > > > > > >  	update_lru_size(lruvec, page_lru(page), page_zonenum(page),
> > > > > > > > >  			-thp_nr_pages(page));
> > > > > > > > >  }
> > > > > > > > > +
> > > > > > > > > +/*
> > > > > > > > > + * If this pte is wr-protected by uffd-wp in any form, arm the special pte to
> > > > > > > > > + * replace a none pte.  NOTE!  This should only be called when *pte is already
> > > > > > > > > + * cleared so we will never accidentally replace something valuable.  Meanwhile
> > > > > > > > > + * none pte also means we are not demoting the pte so if tlb flushed then we
> > > > > > > > > + * don't need to do it again; otherwise if tlb flush is postponed then it's
> > > > > > > > > + * even better.
> > > > > > > > > + *
> > > > > > > > > + * Must be called with pgtable lock held.
> > > > > > > > > + */
> > > > > > > > > +static inline void
> > > > > > > > > +pte_install_uffd_wp_if_needed(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long addr,
> > > > > > > > > +			      pte_t *pte, pte_t pteval)
> > > > > > > > > +{
> > > > > > > > > +#ifdef CONFIG_USERFAULTFD
> > > > > > > > > +	bool arm_uffd_pte = false;
> > > > > > > > > +
> > > > > > > > > +	/* The current status of the pte should be "cleared" before calling */
> > > > > > > > > +	WARN_ON_ONCE(!pte_none(*pte));
> > > > > > > > > +
> > > > > > > > > +	if (vma_is_anonymous(vma))
> > > > > > > > > +		return;
> > > > > > > > > +
> > > > > > > > > +	/* A uffd-wp wr-protected normal pte */
> > > > > > > > > +	if (unlikely(pte_present(pteval) && pte_uffd_wp(pteval)))
> > > > > > > > > +		arm_uffd_pte = true;
> > > > > > > > > +
> > > > > > > > > +	/*
> > > > > > > > > +	 * A uffd-wp wr-protected swap pte.  Note: this should even work for
> > > > > > > > > +	 * pte_swp_uffd_wp_special() too.
> > > > > > > > > +	 */
> > > > > > > > 
> > > > > > > > I'm probably missing something but when can we actually have this case and why
> > > > > > > > would we want to leave a special pte behind? From what I can tell this is
> > > > > > > > called from try_to_unmap_one() where this won't be true or from zap_pte_range()
> > > > > > > > when not skipping swap pages.
> > > > > > > 
> > > > > > > Yes this is a good question..
> > > > > > > 
> > > > > > > Initially I made this function make sure I cover all forms of uffd-wp bit, that
> > > > > > > contains both swap and present ptes; imho that's pretty safe.  However for
> > > > > > > !anonymous cases we don't keep swap entry inside pte even if swapped out, as
> > > > > > > they should reside in shmem page cache indeed.  The only missing piece seems to
> > > > > > > be the device private entries as you also spotted below.
> > > > > > 
> > > > > > Yes, I think it's *probably* safe although I don't yet have a strong opinion
> > > > > > here ...
> > > > > > 
> > > > > > > > > +	if (unlikely(is_swap_pte(pteval) && pte_swp_uffd_wp(pteval)))
> > > > > > 
> > > > > > ... however if this can never happen would a WARN_ON() be better? It would also
> > > > > > mean you could remove arm_uffd_pte.
> > > > > 
> > > > > Hmm, after a second thought I think we can't make it a WARN_ON_ONCE().. this
> > > > > can still be useful for private mapping of shmem files: in that case we'll have
> > > > > swap entry stored in pte not page cache, so after page reclaim it will contain
> > > > > a valid swap entry, while it's still "!anonymous".
> 
> [1]
> 
> > > > 
> > > > There's something (probably obvious) I must still be missing here. During
> > > > reclaim won't a private shmem mapping still have a present pteval here?
> > > > Therefore it won't trigger this case - the uffd wp bit is set when the swap
> > > > entry is established further down in try_to_unmap_one() right?
> > > 
> > > I agree if it's at the point when it get reclaimed, however what if we zap a
> > > pte of a page already got reclaimed?  It should have the swap pte installed,
> > > imho, which will have "is_swap_pte(pteval) && pte_swp_uffd_wp(pteval)"==true.
> > 
> > Apologies for the delay getting back to this, I hope to find some more time
> > to look at this again this week.
> 
> No problem, please take your time on reviewing the series.
> 
> > 
> > I guess what I am missing is why we care about a swap pte for a reclaimed page
> > getting zapped. I thought that would imply the mapping was getting torn down,
> > although I suppose in that case you still want the uffd-wp to apply in case a
> > new mapping appears there?
> 
> For the torn down case it'll always have ZAP_FLAG_DROP_FILE_UFFD_WP set, so
> pte_install_uffd_wp_if_needed() won't be called, as zap_drop_file_uffd_wp()
> will return true:

Argh, thanks. I had forgotten that bit.

> static inline void
> zap_install_uffd_wp_if_needed(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
> 			      unsigned long addr, pte_t *pte,
> 			      struct zap_details *details, pte_t pteval)
> {
> 	if (zap_drop_file_uffd_wp(details))
> 		return;
> 
> 	pte_install_uffd_wp_if_needed(vma, addr, pte, pteval);
> }
> 
> If you see it's non-trivial to fully digest all the caller stacks of it. What I
> wanted to do with pte_install_uffd_wp_if_needed is simply to provide a helper
> that can convert any form of uffd-wp ptes into a pte marker before being set as
> none pte.  Since uffd-wp can exist in two forms (either present, or swap), then
> cover all these two forms (and for swap form also cover the uffd-wp special pte
> itself) is very clear idea and easy to understand to me.  I don't even need to
> worry about who is calling it, and which case can be swap pte, which case must
> not - we just call it when we want to persist the uffd-wp bit (after a pte got
> cleared).  That's why in all cases I still prefer to keep it as is, as it just
> makes things straightforward to me.

Ok, that makes sense. I don't think there is an actual problem here it was
just a little surprising to me so I was trying to get a better understanding
of the caller stacks and when this might actually be required. As you say
though that is non-trivial and in any case it's still ok to install these
bits and a single function is simpler.

 - Alistair
 
> Thanks,
> 
> 

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