Date:   Fri, 1 Oct 2021 17:54:18 -0700
From:   Kalesh Singh <kaleshsingh@...gle.com>
To:     Namhyung Kim <namhyung@...nel.org>
Cc:     Suren Baghdasaryan <surenb@...gle.com>,
        Hridya Valsaraju <hridya@...gle.com>,
        Jonathan Corbet <corbet@....net>,
        Steven Rostedt <rostedt@...dmis.org>,
        Ingo Molnar <mingo@...hat.com>, Shuah Khan <shuah@...nel.org>,
        Tom Zanussi <zanussi@...nel.org>,
        Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@...nel.org>,
        "open list:DOCUMENTATION" <linux-doc@...r.kernel.org>,
        LKML <linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org>,
        "open list:KERNEL SELFTEST FRAMEWORK" 
        <linux-kselftest@...r.kernel.org>
Subject: Re: [PATCH 0/5] tracing: Extend histogram triggers expression parsing

On Thu, Sep 30, 2021 at 3:58 PM Namhyung Kim <namhyung@...nel.org> wrote:
>
> Hi Kalesh,
>
> On Wed, Sep 15, 2021 at 1:09 PM Kalesh Singh <kaleshsingh@...gle.com> wrote:
> >
> > On Wed, Sep 15, 2021 at 12:53 PM Kalesh Singh <kaleshsingh@...gle.com> wrote:
> > >
> > > The frequency of the rss_stat trace event is known to be of the same
> > > magnitude as that of the sched_switch event on Android devices. This can
> > > cause flooding of the trace buffer with rss_stat traces leading to a
> > > decreased trace buffer capacity and loss of data.
> > >
> > > If it is not necessary to monitor very small changes in rss (as is the
> > > case in Android) then the rss_stat tracepoint can be throttled to only
> > > emit the event once there is a large enough change in the rss size.
> > > The original patch that introduced the rss_stat tracepoint also proposed
> > > a fixed throttling mechanism that only emits the rss_stat event
> > > when the rss size crosses a 512KB boundary. It was concluded that more
> > > generic support for this type of filtering/throttling was need, so that
> > > it can be applied to any trace event. [1]
> > >
> > > From the discussion in [1], histogram triggers seemed the most likely
> > > candidate to support this type of throttling. For instance to achieve the
> > > same throttling as was proposed in [1]:
> > >
> > >   (1) Create a histogram variable to save the 512KB bucket of the rss size
> > >   (2) Use the onchange handler to generate a synthetic event when the
> > >       rss size bucket changes.
> > >
> > > The only missing pieces to support such a hist trigger are:
> > >   (1) Support for setting a hist variable to a specific value -- to set
> > >       the bucket size / granularity.
> > >   (2) Support for division arithmetic operation -- to determine the
> > >       corresponding bucket for an rss size.
> > >
> > > This series extends histogram trigger expressions to:
> > >   (1) Allow assigning numeric literals to hist variable (eg. x=1234)
> > >       and using literals directly in expressions (eg. x=size/1234)
> > >   (2) Support division and multiplication in hist expressions.
> > >       (eg. a=$x/$y*z); and
> > >   (3) Fixes expression parsing for non-associative operators: subtraction
> > >       and division. (eg. 8-4-2 should be 2 not 6)
> > >
> > > The rss_stat event can then be throttled using histogram triggers as
> > > below:
> > >
> > >   # Create a synthetic event to monitor instead of the high frequency
> > >   # rss_stat event
> > >   echo 'rss_stat_throttled unsigned int mm_id; unsigned int curr;
> > >          int member; long size' >> tracing/synthetic_events
> > >
> > >   # Create a hist trigger that emits the synthetic rss_stat_throttled
> > >   # event only when the rss size crosses a 512KB boundary.
> > >   echo 'hist:keys=common_pid:bucket=size/0x80000:onchange($bucket)
> > >               .rss_stat_throttled(mm_id,curr,member,size)'
> > >         >> events/kmem/rss_stat/trigger
> > >
> >
> > Sorry, I have a clerical mistake here. The above key should be:
> > s/keys=common_pid/keys=keys=mm_id,member
> >
> > The rss size is specific to the mm struct's member not the pid.
> > The results below were captured with the correct key so no changes there.
> >
> > >  ------ Test Results ------
> > > Histograms can also be used to evaluate the effectiveness of this
> > > throttling by noting the Total Hits on each trigger:
> > >
> > >   echo 'hist:keys=common_pid' >> events/sched/sched_switch/trigger
> > >   echo 'hist:keys=common_pid' >> events/kmem/rss_stat/trigger
> > >   echo 'hist:keys=common_pid'
> > >            >> events/synthetic/rss_stat_throttled/trigger
> > >
> > > Allowing the above example (512KB granularity) run for 5 minutes on
> > > an arm64 device with 5.10 kernel:
> > >
> > >    sched_switch      : total hits = 147153
> > >    rss_stat          : total hits =  38863
> > >    rss_stat_throttled: total hits =   2409
> > >
> > > The synthetic rss_stat_throttled event is ~16x less frequent than the
> > > rss_stat event when using a 512KB granularity.
> > >
> > >
> > > The results are more pronounced when rss size is changing at a higher
> > > rate in small increments. For instance the following results were obtained
> > > by recording the hits on the above events for a run of Android's
> > > lmkd_unit_test [2], which continually forks processes that map anonymous
> > > memory until there is an oom kill:
> > >
> > >    sched_switch      : total hits =  148832
> > >    rss_stat          : total hits = 4754802
> > >    rss_stat_throttled: total hits =   96214
> > >
> > > In this stress this, the  synthetic rss_stat_throttled event is ~50x less
> > > frequent than the rss_stat event when using a 512KB granularity.
> > >
> > >
> > > [1] https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/20190903200905.198642-1-joel@joelfernandes.org/
> > > [2] https://cs.android.com/android/platform/superproject/+/master:system/memory/lmkd/tests/lmkd_test.cpp
> > >
> > > Signed-off-by: Kalesh Singh <kaleshsingh@...gle.com>
>
> Reviewed-by: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@...nel.org>

Thanks for the review Namhyung!

>
> Thanks,
> Namhyung
>
>
> > >
> > > Kalesh Singh (5):
> > >   tracing: Add support for creating hist trigger variables from literal
> > >   tracing: Add division and multiplication support for hist triggers
> > >   tracing: Fix operator precedence for hist triggers expression
> > >   tracing/selftests: Add tests for hist trigger expression parsing
> > >   tracing/histogram: Document expression arithmetic and constants
> > >
> > >  Documentation/trace/histogram.rst             |  14 +
> > >  kernel/trace/trace_events_hist.c              | 318 +++++++++++++++---
> > >  .../testing/selftests/ftrace/test.d/functions |   4 +-
> > >  .../trigger/trigger-hist-expressions.tc       |  73 ++++
> > >  4 files changed, 357 insertions(+), 52 deletions(-)
> > >  create mode 100644 tools/testing/selftests/ftrace/test.d/trigger/trigger-hist-expressions.tc
> > >
> > >
> > > base-commit: 3ca706c189db861b2ca2019a0901b94050ca49d8
> > > --
> > > 2.33.0.309.g3052b89438-goog
> > >

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