linux-kernel - Re: [PATCH v4 2/2] Documentation: core-api: entry: Add comments about nesting

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Date:   Mon, 10 Jan 2022 10:01:26 -0800
From:   "Paul E. McKenney" <paulmck@...nel.org>
To:     Nicolas Saenz Julienne <nsaenzju@...hat.com>
Cc:     tglx@...utronix.de, mark.rutland@....com, rostedt@...dmis.org,
        linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org, linux-arm-kernel@...ts.infradead.org,
        rcu@...r.kernel.org, peterz@...radead.org, mtosatti@...hat.com,
        frederic@...nel.org, corbet@....net
Subject: Re: [PATCH v4 2/2] Documentation: core-api: entry: Add comments
 about nesting

On Mon, Jan 10, 2022 at 11:50:44AM +0100, Nicolas Saenz Julienne wrote:
> The topic of nesting and reentrancy in the context of early entry code
> hasn't been addressed so far. So do it.
> 
> Signed-off-by: Nicolas Saenz Julienne <nsaenzju@...hat.com>

Reviewed-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@...nel.org>

> ---
> 
> Changes since v3:
>  - Introduce Paul's rewording suggestions
> 
>  Documentation/core-api/entry.rst | 18 ++++++++++++++++++
>  1 file changed, 18 insertions(+)
> 
> diff --git a/Documentation/core-api/entry.rst b/Documentation/core-api/entry.rst
> index c6f8e22c88fe..e12f22ab33c7 100644
> --- a/Documentation/core-api/entry.rst
> +++ b/Documentation/core-api/entry.rst
> @@ -105,6 +105,8 @@ has to do extra work between the various steps. In such cases it has to
>  ensure that enter_from_user_mode() is called first on entry and
>  exit_to_user_mode() is called last on exit.
>  
> +Do not nest syscalls. Nested systcalls will cause RCU and/or context tracking
> +to print a warning.
>  
>  KVM
>  ---
> @@ -121,6 +123,8 @@ Task work handling is done separately for guest at the boundary of the
>  vcpu_run() loop via xfer_to_guest_mode_handle_work() which is a subset of
>  the work handled on return to user space.
>  
> +Do not nest KVM entry/exit transitions because doing so is nonsensical.
> +
>  Interrupts and regular exceptions
>  ---------------------------------
>  
> @@ -180,6 +184,16 @@ before it handles soft interrupts, whose handlers must run in BH context rather
>  than irq-disabled context. In addition, irqentry_exit() might schedule, which
>  also requires that HARDIRQ_OFFSET has been removed from the preemption count.
>  
> +Even though interrupt handlers are expected to run with local interrupts
> +disabled, interrupt nesting is common from an entry/exit perspective. For
> +example, softirq handling happens within an irqentry_{enter,exit}() block with
> +local interrupts enabled. Also, although uncommon, nothing prevents an
> +interrupt handler from re-enabling interrupts.
> +
> +Interrupt entry/exit code doesn't strictly need to handle reentrancy, since it
> +runs with local interrupts disabled. But NMIs can happen anytime, and a lot of
> +the entry code is shared between the two.
> +
>  NMI and NMI-like exceptions
>  ---------------------------
>  
> @@ -259,3 +273,7 @@ and for e.g. a debug exception it can look like this:
>  
>  There is no combined irqentry_nmi_if_kernel() function available as the
>  above cannot be handled in an exception-agnostic way.
> +
> +NMIs can happen in any context. For example, an NMI-like exception triggered
> +while handling an NMI. So NMI entry code has to be reentrant and state updates
> +need to handle nesting.
> -- 
> 2.34.1
>