Date:   Thu, 21 Apr 2022 17:02:50 +0200
From:   Peter Zijlstra <peterz@...radead.org>
To:     rjw@...ysocki.net, oleg@...hat.com, mingo@...nel.org,
        vincent.guittot@...aro.org, dietmar.eggemann@....com,
        rostedt@...dmis.org, mgorman@...e.de, ebiederm@...ssion.com,
        bigeasy@...utronix.de, Will Deacon <will@...nel.org>
Cc:     linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org, peterz@...radead.org, tj@...nel.org,
        linux-pm@...r.kernel.org
Subject: [PATCH v2 2/5] sched,ptrace: Fix ptrace_check_attach() vs PREEMPT_RT

Rework ptrace_check_attach() / ptrace_unfreeze_traced() to not rely on
task->__state as much.

Due to how PREEMPT_RT is changing the rules vs task->__state with the
introduction of task->saved_state while TASK_RTLOCK_WAIT (the whole
blocking spinlock thing), the way ptrace freeze tries to do things no
longer works.

Specifically there are two problems:

 - due to ->saved_state, the ->__state modification removing
   TASK_WAKEKILL no longer works reliably.

 - due to ->saved_state, wait_task_inactive() also no longer works
   reliably.

The first problem is solved by a suggestion from Eric that instead
of changing __state, TASK_WAKEKILL be delayed.

The second problem is solved by a suggestion from Oleg; add
JOBCTL_TRACED_QUIESCE to cover the chunk of code between
set_current_state(TASK_TRACED) and schedule(), such that
ptrace_check_attach() can first wait for JOBCTL_TRACED_QUIESCE to get
cleared, and then use wait_task_inactive().

Suggested-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@...hat.com>
Suggested-by: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@...ssion.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@...radead.org>
---
 include/linux/sched/jobctl.h |    8 ++-
 kernel/ptrace.c              |   90 ++++++++++++++++++++++---------------------
 kernel/sched/core.c          |    5 --
 kernel/signal.c              |   36 ++++++++++++++---
 4 files changed, 86 insertions(+), 53 deletions(-)

--- a/include/linux/sched/jobctl.h
+++ b/include/linux/sched/jobctl.h
@@ -19,9 +19,11 @@ struct task_struct;
 #define JOBCTL_TRAPPING_BIT	21	/* switching to TRACED */
 #define JOBCTL_LISTENING_BIT	22	/* ptracer is listening for events */
 #define JOBCTL_TRAP_FREEZE_BIT	23	/* trap for cgroup freezer */
+#define JOBCTL_DELAY_WAKEKILL_BIT 24	/* delay killable wakeups */
 
-#define JOBCTL_STOPPED_BIT	24	/* do_signal_stop() */
-#define JOBCTL_TRACED_BIT	25	/* ptrace_stop() */
+#define JOBCTL_STOPPED_BIT	25	/* do_signal_stop() */
+#define JOBCTL_TRACED_BIT	26	/* ptrace_stop() */
+#define JOBCTL_TRACED_QUIESCE_BIT 27
 
 #define JOBCTL_STOP_DEQUEUED	(1UL << JOBCTL_STOP_DEQUEUED_BIT)
 #define JOBCTL_STOP_PENDING	(1UL << JOBCTL_STOP_PENDING_BIT)
@@ -31,9 +33,11 @@ struct task_struct;
 #define JOBCTL_TRAPPING		(1UL << JOBCTL_TRAPPING_BIT)
 #define JOBCTL_LISTENING	(1UL << JOBCTL_LISTENING_BIT)
 #define JOBCTL_TRAP_FREEZE	(1UL << JOBCTL_TRAP_FREEZE_BIT)
+#define JOBCTL_DELAY_WAKEKILL	(1UL << JOBCTL_DELAY_WAKEKILL_BIT)
 
 #define JOBCTL_STOPPED		(1UL << JOBCTL_STOPPED_BIT)
 #define JOBCTL_TRACED		(1UL << JOBCTL_TRACED_BIT)
+#define JOBCTL_TRACED_QUIESCE	(1UL << JOBCTL_TRACED_QUIESCE_BIT)
 
 #define JOBCTL_TRAP_MASK	(JOBCTL_TRAP_STOP | JOBCTL_TRAP_NOTIFY)
 #define JOBCTL_PENDING_MASK	(JOBCTL_STOP_PENDING | JOBCTL_TRAP_MASK)
--- a/kernel/ptrace.c
+++ b/kernel/ptrace.c
@@ -193,41 +193,44 @@ static bool looks_like_a_spurious_pid(st
  */
 static bool ptrace_freeze_traced(struct task_struct *task)
 {
+	unsigned long flags;
 	bool ret = false;
 
 	/* Lockless, nobody but us can set this flag */
 	if (task->jobctl & JOBCTL_LISTENING)
 		return ret;
 
-	spin_lock_irq(&task->sighand->siglock);
-	if (task_is_traced(task) && !looks_like_a_spurious_pid(task) &&
+	if (!lock_task_sighand(task, &flags))
+		return ret;
+
+	if (task_is_traced(task) &&
+	    !looks_like_a_spurious_pid(task) &&
 	    !__fatal_signal_pending(task)) {
-		WRITE_ONCE(task->__state, __TASK_TRACED);
+		WARN_ON_ONCE(READ_ONCE(task->__state) != TASK_TRACED);
+		WARN_ON_ONCE(task->jobctl & JOBCTL_DELAY_WAKEKILL);
+		task->jobctl |= JOBCTL_DELAY_WAKEKILL;
 		ret = true;
 	}
-	spin_unlock_irq(&task->sighand->siglock);
+	unlock_task_sighand(task, &flags);
 
 	return ret;
 }
 
 static void ptrace_unfreeze_traced(struct task_struct *task)
 {
-	if (READ_ONCE(task->__state) != __TASK_TRACED)
+	if (!task_is_traced(task))
 		return;
 
 	WARN_ON(!task->ptrace || task->parent != current);
 
-	/*
-	 * PTRACE_LISTEN can allow ptrace_trap_notify to wake us up remotely.
-	 * Recheck state under the lock to close this race.
-	 */
 	spin_lock_irq(&task->sighand->siglock);
-	if (READ_ONCE(task->__state) == __TASK_TRACED) {
+	if (task_is_traced(task)) {
+//		WARN_ON_ONCE(!(task->jobctl & JOBCTL_DELAY_WAKEKILL));
+		task->jobctl &= ~JOBCTL_DELAY_WAKEKILL;
 		if (__fatal_signal_pending(task)) {
 			task->jobctl &= ~JOBCTL_TRACED;
-			wake_up_state(task, __TASK_TRACED);
-		} else
-			WRITE_ONCE(task->__state, TASK_TRACED);
+			wake_up_state(task, TASK_WAKEKILL);
+		}
 	}
 	spin_unlock_irq(&task->sighand->siglock);
 }
@@ -251,40 +254,45 @@ static void ptrace_unfreeze_traced(struc
  */
 static int ptrace_check_attach(struct task_struct *child, bool ignore_state)
 {
-	int ret = -ESRCH;
+	int traced;
 
 	/*
 	 * We take the read lock around doing both checks to close a
-	 * possible race where someone else was tracing our child and
-	 * detached between these two checks.  After this locked check,
-	 * we are sure that this is our traced child and that can only
-	 * be changed by us so it's not changing right after this.
+	 * possible race where someone else attaches or detaches our
+	 * natural child.
 	 */
 	read_lock(&tasklist_lock);
-	if (child->ptrace && child->parent == current) {
-		WARN_ON(READ_ONCE(child->__state) == __TASK_TRACED);
-		/*
-		 * child->sighand can't be NULL, release_task()
-		 * does ptrace_unlink() before __exit_signal().
-		 */
-		if (ignore_state || ptrace_freeze_traced(child))
-			ret = 0;
-	}
+	traced = child->ptrace && child->parent == current;
 	read_unlock(&tasklist_lock);
+	if (!traced)
+		return -ESRCH;
 
-	if (!ret && !ignore_state) {
-		if (!wait_task_inactive(child, __TASK_TRACED)) {
-			/*
-			 * This can only happen if may_ptrace_stop() fails and
-			 * ptrace_stop() changes ->state back to TASK_RUNNING,
-			 * so we should not worry about leaking __TASK_TRACED.
-			 */
-			WARN_ON(READ_ONCE(child->__state) == __TASK_TRACED);
-			ret = -ESRCH;
-		}
+	if (ignore_state)
+		return 0;
+
+	if (!task_is_traced(child))
+		return -ESRCH;
+
+	WARN_ON_ONCE(READ_ONCE(child->jobctl) & JOBCTL_DELAY_WAKEKILL);
+
+	/* Wait for JOBCTL_TRACED_QUIESCE to go away, see ptrace_stop(). */
+	for (;;) {
+		if (fatal_signal_pending(current))
+			return -EINTR;
+
+		set_current_state(TASK_KILLABLE);
+		if (!(READ_ONCE(child->jobctl) & JOBCTL_TRACED_QUIESCE))
+			break;
+
+		schedule();
 	}
+	__set_current_state(TASK_RUNNING);
 
-	return ret;
+	if (!wait_task_inactive(child, TASK_TRACED) ||
+	    !ptrace_freeze_traced(child))
+		return -ESRCH;
+
+	return 0;
 }
 
 static bool ptrace_has_cap(struct user_namespace *ns, unsigned int mode)
@@ -1329,8 +1337,7 @@ SYSCALL_DEFINE4(ptrace, long, request, l
 		goto out_put_task_struct;
 
 	ret = arch_ptrace(child, request, addr, data);
-	if (ret || request != PTRACE_DETACH)
-		ptrace_unfreeze_traced(child);
+	ptrace_unfreeze_traced(child);
 
  out_put_task_struct:
 	put_task_struct(child);
@@ -1472,8 +1479,7 @@ COMPAT_SYSCALL_DEFINE4(ptrace, compat_lo
 				  request == PTRACE_INTERRUPT);
 	if (!ret) {
 		ret = compat_arch_ptrace(child, request, addr, data);
-		if (ret || request != PTRACE_DETACH)
-			ptrace_unfreeze_traced(child);
+		ptrace_unfreeze_traced(child);
 	}
 
  out_put_task_struct:
--- a/kernel/sched/core.c
+++ b/kernel/sched/core.c
@@ -6310,10 +6310,7 @@ static void __sched notrace __schedule(u
 
 	/*
 	 * We must load prev->state once (task_struct::state is volatile), such
-	 * that:
-	 *
-	 *  - we form a control dependency vs deactivate_task() below.
-	 *  - ptrace_{,un}freeze_traced() can change ->state underneath us.
+	 * that we form a control dependency vs deactivate_task() below.
 	 */
 	prev_state = READ_ONCE(prev->__state);
 	if (!(sched_mode & SM_MASK_PREEMPT) && prev_state) {
--- a/kernel/signal.c
+++ b/kernel/signal.c
@@ -764,6 +764,10 @@ void signal_wake_up_state(struct task_st
 {
 	lockdep_assert_held(&t->sighand->siglock);
 
+	/* Suppress wakekill? */
+	if (t->jobctl & JOBCTL_DELAY_WAKEKILL)
+		state &= ~TASK_WAKEKILL;
+
 	set_tsk_thread_flag(t, TIF_SIGPENDING);
 
 	/*
@@ -774,7 +778,7 @@ void signal_wake_up_state(struct task_st
 	 * handle its death signal.
 	 */
 	if (wake_up_state(t, state | TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE))
-		t->jobctl &= ~(JOBCTL_STOPPED | JOBCTL_TRACED);
+		t->jobctl &= ~(JOBCTL_STOPPED | JOBCTL_TRACED | JOBCTL_TRACED_QUIESCE);
 	else
 		kick_process(t);
 }
@@ -2187,6 +2191,15 @@ static void do_notify_parent_cldstop(str
 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&sighand->siglock, flags);
 }
 
+static void clear_traced_quiesce(void)
+{
+	spin_lock_irq(&current->sighand->siglock);
+	WARN_ON_ONCE(!(current->jobctl & JOBCTL_TRACED_QUIESCE));
+	current->jobctl &= ~JOBCTL_TRACED_QUIESCE;
+	wake_up_state(current->parent, TASK_KILLABLE);
+	spin_unlock_irq(&current->sighand->siglock);
+}
+
 /*
  * This must be called with current->sighand->siglock held.
  *
@@ -2225,7 +2238,7 @@ static int ptrace_stop(int exit_code, in
 	 * schedule() will not sleep if there is a pending signal that
 	 * can awaken the task.
 	 */
-	current->jobctl |= JOBCTL_TRACED;
+	current->jobctl |= JOBCTL_TRACED | JOBCTL_TRACED_QUIESCE;
 	set_special_state(TASK_TRACED);
 
 	/*
@@ -2290,14 +2303,26 @@ static int ptrace_stop(int exit_code, in
 		/*
 		 * Don't want to allow preemption here, because
 		 * sys_ptrace() needs this task to be inactive.
-		 *
-		 * XXX: implement read_unlock_no_resched().
 		 */
 		preempt_disable();
 		read_unlock(&tasklist_lock);
-		cgroup_enter_frozen();
+		cgroup_enter_frozen(); // XXX broken on PREEMPT_RT !!!
+
+		/*
+		 * JOBCTL_TRACE_QUIESCE bridges the gap between
+		 * set_current_state(TASK_TRACED) above and schedule() below.
+		 * There must not be any blocking (specifically anything that
+		 * touched ->saved_state on PREEMPT_RT) between here and
+		 * schedule().
+		 *
+		 * ptrace_check_attach() relies on this with its
+		 * wait_task_inactive() usage.
+		 */
+		clear_traced_quiesce();
+
 		preempt_enable_no_resched();
 		freezable_schedule();
+
 		cgroup_leave_frozen(true);
 	} else {
 		/*
@@ -2335,6 +2360,7 @@ static int ptrace_stop(int exit_code, in
 
 	/* LISTENING can be set only during STOP traps, clear it */
 	current->jobctl &= ~JOBCTL_LISTENING;
+	current->jobctl &= ~JOBCTL_DELAY_WAKEKILL;
 
 	/*
 	 * Queued signals ignored us while we were stopped for tracing.

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