linux-kernel - Re: [PATCH v2] usb: gadget: fix race when gadget driver register via ioctl

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Date:   Sun, 8 May 2022 10:34:57 -0400
From:   Alan Stern <stern@...land.harvard.edu>
To:     Schspa Shi <schspa@...il.com>
Cc:     Julia.Lawall@...ia.fr, andreyknvl@...il.com, balbi@...nel.org,
        gregkh@...uxfoundation.org, jannh@...gle.com,
        jj251510319013@...il.com, linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org,
        linux-usb@...r.kernel.org,
        syzbot+dc7c3ca638e773db07f6@...kaller.appspotmail.com
Subject: Re: [PATCH v2] usb: gadget: fix race when gadget driver register via
 ioctl

On Sun, May 08, 2022 at 12:08:35PM +0800, Schspa Shi wrote:
> Alan Stern <stern@...land.harvard.edu> writes:
> >
> > Are you sure that this patch will fix the problem found by syzbot?  That
> > is, are you sure that the problem really was caused by two threads
> > registering the same driver concurrently?
> >
> 
> Yes, from the console log from syzbot.
> T8324 alloced driver_private was released by T8326.

That is a smoking gun.

> > The fact that the error was "use after free" suggests that the problem
> > might be something else.  It looks like one of the threads was trying to
> > access the driver structure after the other thread had done something
> > that caused it to be deallocated, which suggests an error in reference
> > counting.
> >
> 
> The direct cause of this place is because of the refcount error, but the
> root cause is still caused by multiple registrations
> 
> Please refer to the following scenarios.
> 
>            T1                                  T2
> ------------------------------------------------------------------
> usb_gadget_register_driver_owner
>   driver_register                    driver_register
>     driver_find                       driver_find
>     bus_add_driver                    bus_add_driver
>       priv alloced                     <context switch>
>       drv->p = priv;
>       <schedule out>
>       kobject_init_and_add // refcount = 1;
>    //couldn't find an available UDC or it's busy
>    <context switch>
>                                        priv alloced
>                                        drv->priv = priv;
>                                        kobject_init_and_add
>                                          ---> refcount = 1 <------
>                                        // register success
>                                        <context switch>
> ===================== another ioctl/process ======================
>                                       driver_register
>                                        driver_find
>                                         k = kset_find_obj()
>                                          ---> refcount = 2 <------
>                                         <context out>
>    driver_unregister
>    // drv->p become T2's priv
>    ---> refcount = 1 <------
>    <context switch>
>                                         kobject_put(k)
>                                          ---> refcount = 0 <------
>                                         return priv->driver;
>                                         --------UAF here----------

It looks like you've got T2 calling driver_register and driver_find 
twice, but the overall idea is pretty clear.

> There will be UAF in this scenario.
> And all the logs reported by syzbot can be matched to this scenario.

And in any case it is obvious that the patch is necessary.  (Although I 
would have put the new state before the RUNNING state, to reflect the 
actual order in which the states occur.)

Acked-by: Alan Stern <stern@...land.harvard.edu>

Alan Stern