linux-kernel - Re: [PATCH 0/3] Add PUD and kernel PTE level pagetable account

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Date:   Sun, 10 Jul 2022 19:19:56 +0800
From:   Baolin Wang <baolin.wang@...ux.alibaba.com>
To:     Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@...el.com>, akpm@...ux-foundation.org
Cc:     rppt@...ux.ibm.com, willy@...radead.org, will@...nel.org,
        aneesh.kumar@...ux.ibm.com, npiggin@...il.com,
        peterz@...radead.org, catalin.marinas@....com,
        chenhuacai@...nel.org, kernel@...0n.name,
        tsbogend@...ha.franken.de, dave.hansen@...ux.intel.com,
        luto@...nel.org, tglx@...utronix.de, mingo@...hat.com,
        bp@...en8.de, hpa@...or.com, arnd@...db.de, guoren@...nel.org,
        monstr@...str.eu, jonas@...thpole.se,
        stefan.kristiansson@...nalahti.fi, shorne@...il.com,
        x86@...nel.org, linux-arch@...r.kernel.org,
        linux-arm-kernel@...ts.infradead.org, loongarch@...ts.linux.dev,
        linux-mips@...r.kernel.org, linux-csky@...r.kernel.org,
        openrisc@...ts.librecores.org, linux-mm@...ck.org,
        linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org
Subject: Re: [PATCH 0/3] Add PUD and kernel PTE level pagetable account



On 7/7/2022 10:44 PM, Dave Hansen wrote:
> On 7/7/22 04:32, Baolin Wang wrote:
>> On 7/6/2022 11:48 PM, Dave Hansen wrote:
>>> On 7/6/22 01:59, Baolin Wang wrote:
>>>> Now we will miss to account the PUD level pagetable and kernel PTE level
>>>> pagetable, as well as missing to set the PG_table flags for these
>>>> pagetable
>>>> pages, which will get an inaccurate pagetable accounting, and miss
>>>> PageTable() validation in some cases. So this patch set introduces new
>>>> helpers to help to account PUD and kernel PTE pagetable pages.
>>>
>>> Could you explain the motivation for this series a bit more?  Is there a
>>> real-world problem that this fixes?
>>
>> Not fix real problem. The motivation is that making the pagetable
>> accounting more accurate, which helps us to analyse the consumption of
>> the pagetable pages in some cases, and maybe help to do some empty
>> pagetable reclaiming in future.
> 
> This accounting isn't free.  It costs storage (and also parts of
> cachelines) in each mm and CPU time to maintain it, plus maintainer
> eyeballs to maintain.  PUD pages are also fundamentally (on x86 at
> least) 0.0004% of the overhead of PTE and 0.2% of the overhead of PMD
> pages unless someone is using gigantic hugetlbfs mappings.

Yes, agree. However I think the performence influence of this patch is 
small from some testing I did (like mysql, no obvious performance 
influence). Moreover the pagetable accounting gap is about 1% from below 
testing data.

Without this patchset, the pagetable consumption is about 110M with 
mysql testing.
              flags      page-count       MB  symbolic-flags 
          long-symbolic-flags
0x0000000004000000           28232      110 
__________________________g__________________      pgtable

With this patchset, and the consumption is about 111M.
              flags      page-count       MB  symbolic-flags 
          long-symbolic-flags
0x0000000004000000           28459      111 
__________________________g__________________      pgtable


> Even with 1G gigantic pages, you would need a quarter of a million
> (well, 262144 or 512*512) mappings of one 1G page to consume 1G of
> memory on PUD pages.
> 
> That just doesn't seem like something anyone is likely to actually do in
> practice.  That makes the benefits of the PUD portion of this series
> rather unclear in the real world.
> 
> As for the kernel page tables, I'm not really aware of them causing any
> problems.  We have a pretty good idea how much space they consume from
> the DirectMap* entries in meminfo:
> 
> 	DirectMap4k:     2262720 kB
> 	DirectMap2M:    40507392 kB
> 	DirectMap1G:    24117248 kB

However these statistics are arch-specific information, which only 
available on x86, s390 and powerpc.

> as well as our page table debugging infrastructure.  I haven't found
> myself dying for more specific info on them.
> 
> So, nothing in this series seems like a *BAD* idea, but I'm not sure in
> the end it solves more problems than it creates.

Thanks for your input.