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Date: Sun, 17 Jul 2022 01:18:08 +0200 (CEST)
From: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@...utronix.de>
To: LKML <linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org>
Cc: x86@...nel.org, Linus Torvalds <torvalds@...ux-foundation.org>,
Tim Chen <tim.c.chen@...ux.intel.com>,
Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@...nel.org>,
Andrew Cooper <Andrew.Cooper3@...rix.com>,
Pawan Gupta <pawan.kumar.gupta@...ux.intel.com>,
Johannes Wikner <kwikner@...z.ch>,
Alyssa Milburn <alyssa.milburn@...ux.intel.com>,
Jann Horn <jannh@...gle.com>, "H.J. Lu" <hjl.tools@...il.com>,
Joao Moreira <joao.moreira@...el.com>,
Joseph Nuzman <joseph.nuzman@...el.com>,
Steven Rostedt <rostedt@...dmis.org>,
"Peter Zijlstra (Intel)" <peterz@...radead.org>
Subject: [patch 36/38] x86/ftrace: Make it call depth tracking aware
From: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@...radead.org>
Since ftrace has trampolines, don't use thunks for the __fentry__ site
but instead require that every function called from there includes
accounting. This very much includes all the direct-call functions.
Additionally, ftrace uses ROP tricks in two places:
- return_to_handler(), and
- ftrace_regs_caller() when pt_regs->orig_ax is set by a direct-call.
return_to_handler() already uses a retpoline to replace an
indirect-jump to defeat IBT, since this is a jump-type retpoline, make
sure there is no accounting done and ALTERNATIVE the RET into a ret.
ftrace_regs_caller() does much the same but currently causes an RSB
imbalance by effectively doing a PUSH+RET combo, rebalance.
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@...radead.org>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@...utronix.de>
---
arch/x86/include/asm/nospec-branch.h | 8 +++++++
arch/x86/kernel/ftrace.c | 16 ++++++++++----
arch/x86/kernel/ftrace_64.S | 31 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++--
arch/x86/net/bpf_jit_comp.c | 6 +++++
kernel/trace/trace_selftest.c | 5 +++-
samples/ftrace/ftrace-direct-modify.c | 2 +
samples/ftrace/ftrace-direct-multi-modify.c | 2 +
samples/ftrace/ftrace-direct-multi.c | 1
samples/ftrace/ftrace-direct-too.c | 1
samples/ftrace/ftrace-direct.c | 1
10 files changed, 66 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-)
--- a/arch/x86/include/asm/nospec-branch.h
+++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/nospec-branch.h
@@ -293,6 +293,11 @@ static inline void x86_set_skl_return_th
x86_return_thunk = &__x86_return_skl;
}
+#define CALL_DEPTH_ACCOUNT \
+ ALTERNATIVE("", \
+ __stringify(INCREMENT_CALL_DEPTH), \
+ X86_FEATURE_CALL_DEPTH)
+
DECLARE_PER_CPU(u64, __x86_call_depth);
#ifdef CONFIG_CALL_THUNKS_DEBUG
DECLARE_PER_CPU(u64, __x86_call_count);
@@ -302,6 +307,9 @@ DECLARE_PER_CPU(u64, __x86_ctxsw_count);
#endif
#else
static inline void x86_set_skl_return_thunk(void) {}
+
+#define CALL_DEPTH_ACCOUNT
+
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_RETPOLINE
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/ftrace.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/ftrace.c
@@ -69,6 +69,10 @@ static const char *ftrace_nop_replace(vo
static const char *ftrace_call_replace(unsigned long ip, unsigned long addr)
{
+ /*
+ * No need to translate into a callthunk. The trampoline does
+ * the depth accounting itself.
+ */
return text_gen_insn(CALL_INSN_OPCODE, (void *)ip, (void *)addr);
}
@@ -316,7 +320,7 @@ create_trampoline(struct ftrace_ops *ops
unsigned long size;
unsigned long *ptr;
void *trampoline;
- void *ip;
+ void *ip, *dest;
/* 48 8b 15 <offset> is movq <offset>(%rip), %rdx */
unsigned const char op_ref[] = { 0x48, 0x8b, 0x15 };
unsigned const char retq[] = { RET_INSN_OPCODE, INT3_INSN_OPCODE };
@@ -403,10 +407,14 @@ create_trampoline(struct ftrace_ops *ops
/* put in the call to the function */
mutex_lock(&text_mutex);
call_offset -= start_offset;
+ /*
+ * No need to translate into a callthunk. The trampoline does
+ * the depth accounting before the call already.
+ */
+ dest = ftrace_ops_get_func(ops);
memcpy(trampoline + call_offset,
- text_gen_insn(CALL_INSN_OPCODE,
- trampoline + call_offset,
- ftrace_ops_get_func(ops)), CALL_INSN_SIZE);
+ text_gen_insn(CALL_INSN_OPCODE, trampoline + call_offset, dest),
+ CALL_INSN_SIZE);
mutex_unlock(&text_mutex);
/* ALLOC_TRAMP flags lets us know we created it */
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/ftrace_64.S
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/ftrace_64.S
@@ -132,6 +132,7 @@
#ifdef CONFIG_DYNAMIC_FTRACE
SYM_FUNC_START(__fentry__)
+ CALL_DEPTH_ACCOUNT
RET
SYM_FUNC_END(__fentry__)
EXPORT_SYMBOL(__fentry__)
@@ -140,6 +141,8 @@ SYM_FUNC_START(ftrace_caller)
/* save_mcount_regs fills in first two parameters */
save_mcount_regs
+ CALL_DEPTH_ACCOUNT
+
/* Stack - skipping return address of ftrace_caller */
leaq MCOUNT_REG_SIZE+8(%rsp), %rcx
movq %rcx, RSP(%rsp)
@@ -155,6 +158,9 @@ SYM_INNER_LABEL(ftrace_caller_op_ptr, SY
/* Only ops with REGS flag set should have CS register set */
movq $0, CS(%rsp)
+ /* Account for the function call below */
+ CALL_DEPTH_ACCOUNT
+
SYM_INNER_LABEL(ftrace_call, SYM_L_GLOBAL)
ANNOTATE_NOENDBR
call ftrace_stub
@@ -195,6 +201,8 @@ SYM_FUNC_START(ftrace_regs_caller)
save_mcount_regs 8
/* save_mcount_regs fills in first two parameters */
+ CALL_DEPTH_ACCOUNT
+
SYM_INNER_LABEL(ftrace_regs_caller_op_ptr, SYM_L_GLOBAL)
ANNOTATE_NOENDBR
/* Load the ftrace_ops into the 3rd parameter */
@@ -225,6 +233,9 @@ SYM_INNER_LABEL(ftrace_regs_caller_op_pt
/* regs go into 4th parameter */
leaq (%rsp), %rcx
+ /* Account for the function call below */
+ CALL_DEPTH_ACCOUNT
+
SYM_INNER_LABEL(ftrace_regs_call, SYM_L_GLOBAL)
ANNOTATE_NOENDBR
call ftrace_stub
@@ -280,7 +291,19 @@ SYM_INNER_LABEL(ftrace_regs_caller_end,
/* Restore flags */
popfq
UNWIND_HINT_FUNC
- jmp ftrace_epilogue
+
+ /*
+ * Since we're effectively emulating a tail-call with PUSH;RET
+ * make sure we don't unbalance the RSB and mess up accounting.
+ */
+ ANNOTATE_INTRA_FUNCTION_CALL
+ call 2f
+ int3
+2:
+ add $8, %rsp
+ ALTERNATIVE __stringify(RET), \
+ __stringify(ANNOTATE_UNRET_SAFE; ret; int3), \
+ X86_FEATURE_CALL_DEPTH
SYM_FUNC_END(ftrace_regs_caller)
STACK_FRAME_NON_STANDARD_FP(ftrace_regs_caller)
@@ -289,6 +312,8 @@ STACK_FRAME_NON_STANDARD_FP(ftrace_regs_
#else /* ! CONFIG_DYNAMIC_FTRACE */
SYM_FUNC_START(__fentry__)
+ CALL_DEPTH_ACCOUNT
+
cmpq $ftrace_stub, ftrace_trace_function
jnz trace
@@ -345,6 +370,8 @@ SYM_CODE_START(return_to_handler)
int3
.Ldo_rop:
mov %rdi, (%rsp)
- RET
+ ALTERNATIVE __stringify(RET), \
+ __stringify(ANNOTATE_UNRET_SAFE; ret; int3), \
+ X86_FEATURE_CALL_DEPTH
SYM_CODE_END(return_to_handler)
#endif
--- a/arch/x86/net/bpf_jit_comp.c
+++ b/arch/x86/net/bpf_jit_comp.c
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@
#include <linux/memory.h>
#include <linux/sort.h>
#include <asm/extable.h>
+#include <asm/ftrace.h>
#include <asm/set_memory.h>
#include <asm/nospec-branch.h>
#include <asm/text-patching.h>
@@ -2090,6 +2091,11 @@ int arch_prepare_bpf_trampoline(struct b
prog = image;
EMIT_ENDBR();
+ /*
+ * This is the direct-call trampoline, as such it needs accounting
+ * for the __fentry__ call.
+ */
+ x86_call_depth_emit_accounting(&prog, __fentry__);
EMIT1(0x55); /* push rbp */
EMIT3(0x48, 0x89, 0xE5); /* mov rbp, rsp */
EMIT4(0x48, 0x83, 0xEC, stack_size); /* sub rsp, stack_size */
--- a/kernel/trace/trace_selftest.c
+++ b/kernel/trace/trace_selftest.c
@@ -785,7 +785,10 @@ static struct fgraph_ops fgraph_ops __in
};
#ifdef CONFIG_DYNAMIC_FTRACE_WITH_DIRECT_CALLS
-noinline __noclone static void trace_direct_tramp(void) { }
+noinline __noclone static void trace_direct_tramp(void)
+{
+ asm(CALL_DEPTH_ACCOUNT);
+}
#endif
/*
--- a/samples/ftrace/ftrace-direct-modify.c
+++ b/samples/ftrace/ftrace-direct-modify.c
@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@ asm (
ASM_ENDBR
" pushq %rbp\n"
" movq %rsp, %rbp\n"
+ CALL_DEPTH_ACCOUNT
" call my_direct_func1\n"
" leave\n"
" .size my_tramp1, .-my_tramp1\n"
@@ -45,6 +46,7 @@ asm (
ASM_ENDBR
" pushq %rbp\n"
" movq %rsp, %rbp\n"
+ CALL_DEPTH_ACCOUNT
" call my_direct_func2\n"
" leave\n"
ASM_RET
--- a/samples/ftrace/ftrace-direct-multi-modify.c
+++ b/samples/ftrace/ftrace-direct-multi-modify.c
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ asm (
ASM_ENDBR
" pushq %rbp\n"
" movq %rsp, %rbp\n"
+ CALL_DEPTH_ACCOUNT
" pushq %rdi\n"
" movq 8(%rbp), %rdi\n"
" call my_direct_func1\n"
@@ -46,6 +47,7 @@ asm (
ASM_ENDBR
" pushq %rbp\n"
" movq %rsp, %rbp\n"
+ CALL_DEPTH_ACCOUNT
" pushq %rdi\n"
" movq 8(%rbp), %rdi\n"
" call my_direct_func2\n"
--- a/samples/ftrace/ftrace-direct-multi.c
+++ b/samples/ftrace/ftrace-direct-multi.c
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ asm (
ASM_ENDBR
" pushq %rbp\n"
" movq %rsp, %rbp\n"
+ CALL_DEPTH_ACCOUNT
" pushq %rdi\n"
" movq 8(%rbp), %rdi\n"
" call my_direct_func\n"
--- a/samples/ftrace/ftrace-direct-too.c
+++ b/samples/ftrace/ftrace-direct-too.c
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@ asm (
ASM_ENDBR
" pushq %rbp\n"
" movq %rsp, %rbp\n"
+ CALL_DEPTH_ACCOUNT
" pushq %rdi\n"
" pushq %rsi\n"
" pushq %rdx\n"
--- a/samples/ftrace/ftrace-direct.c
+++ b/samples/ftrace/ftrace-direct.c
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ asm (
ASM_ENDBR
" pushq %rbp\n"
" movq %rsp, %rbp\n"
+ CALL_DEPTH_ACCOUNT
" pushq %rdi\n"
" call my_direct_func\n"
" popq %rdi\n"
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