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Message-ID: <CAPhsuW7GEoVXp=dhv4jj+khyEC+VN9J0bz906vFebJ9q9kJNSA@mail.gmail.com>
Date: Thu, 13 Oct 2022 15:56:48 -0700
From: Song Liu <song@...nel.org>
To: Jonathan Derrick <jonathan.derrick@...ux.dev>
Cc: linux-raid@...r.kernel.org, linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org,
jonathan.derrick@...idigm.com, jonathanx.sk.derrick@...el.com,
Mariusz Tkaczyk <mariusz.tkaczyk@...ux.intel.com>
Subject: Re: [PATCH 2/2] md/bitmap: Add chunk-count-based bitmap flushing
On Thu, Oct 13, 2022 at 3:19 PM Jonathan Derrick
<jonathan.derrick@...ux.dev> wrote:
>
>
>
> On 10/10/2022 12:18 PM, Song Liu wrote:
> > On Fri, Oct 7, 2022 at 11:58 AM Jonathan Derrick
> > <jonathan.derrick@...ux.dev> wrote:
> >>
> >>
> >>
> >> On 10/7/2022 11:50 AM, Song Liu wrote:
> >>> On Thu, Oct 6, 2022 at 3:09 PM Jonathan Derrick
> >>> <jonathan.derrick@...ux.dev> wrote:
> >>>
> >>> [...]
> >>>
> >>>> diff --git a/drivers/md/md-bitmap.h b/drivers/md/md-bitmap.h
> >>>> index cfd7395de8fd..e0aeedbdde17 100644
> >>>> --- a/drivers/md/md-bitmap.h
> >>>> +++ b/drivers/md/md-bitmap.h
> >>>> @@ -11,10 +11,12 @@
> >>>> /* version 4 insists the bitmap is in little-endian order
> >>>> * with version 3, it is host-endian which is non-portable
> >>>> * Version 5 is currently set only for clustered devices
> >>>> ++ * Version 6 supports the flush-chunks threshold
> >>>> */
> >>>> #define BITMAP_MAJOR_HI 4
> >>>> #define BITMAP_MAJOR_CLUSTERED 5
> >>>> #define BITMAP_MAJOR_HOSTENDIAN 3
> >>>> +#define BITMAP_MAJOR_CHUNKFLUSH 6
> >>>>
> >>>> /*
> >>>> * in-memory bitmap:
> >>>> @@ -135,7 +137,8 @@ typedef struct bitmap_super_s {
> >>>> * reserved for the bitmap. */
> >>>> __le32 nodes; /* 68 the maximum number of nodes in cluster. */
> >>>> __u8 cluster_name[64]; /* 72 cluster name to which this md belongs */
> >>>> - __u8 pad[256 - 136]; /* set to zero */
> >>>> + __le32 daemon_flush_chunks; /* 136 dirty chunks between flushes */
> >>>> + __u8 pad[256 - 140]; /* set to zero */
> >>>> } bitmap_super_t;
> >>>
> >>> Do we really need this to be persistent? How about we configure it at run
> >>> time via a sysfs file?
> >>>
> >>> Also, please share more data on the performance benefit of the set.
> >>>
> >>> Thanks,
> >>> Song
> >>>
> >> Hi Song,
> >>
> >> Patch 1/2 changes default behavior, which patch 2/2 tries to address.
> >
> > Have you tried to evaluate the impact on the accuracy of the bitmap?
> > Specifically, if we power off the system during writes, do we see data
> > or parity mismatch that is not covered by the bitmap?
> Fair. I'm assuming this has to do with md_bitmap_init_from_disk()'s
> outofdate BITMAP_STALE check? And my patch 1/2 would likely guarantee
> a full resync unless the system was lost just after during the daemon
> wake time. However patch 2/2 increases the likelihood of reading a good
> bitmap.
kernel test bot reported a failed mdadm test after 1/2. Could you please check
whether that's accurate?
>
>
> >
> >> I can change it to be configurable via sysfs instead.
> >> Should there be a default?
> >
> > If there is any impact on bitmap accuracy. I think the default should
> > work identical as before the set. IOW, we should not delay the bitmap
> > update.
> With results like mine, I'm under the impression bitmap=internal is not
> regularly used for write-heavy workloads [1].
It is pretty bad for really random writes. But it shouldn't be too bad
for normal
workload (where folks already optimize writes to be more sequential).
>
> The thing is, is that it's not very consistent right now. I've had runs
> where the bitmap isn't updated for minutes until the run ends, and then
> I have most runs where it's doing it every other I/O or so. And it seems
> to depend on the number of chunks relative to the device size (if it can
> fit in a single page.)
>
> I have v2 coming which should help fix a few of these inconsistencies.
Sounds great. Thanks!
Song
>
> [1] Similar results https://blog.liw.fi/posts/write-intent-bitmaps/
>
> >
> > Thanks,
> > Song
> >
> >>
> >>
> >> Here are my observations via biosnoop and RAID1, 4M chunksize, 238436 chunks, bitmap=internal
> >> fio --name=test --direct=1 --filename=/dev/md0 --rw=randwrite --runtime=60
> >> --percentile_list=1.0:25.0:50.0:75.0:90.0:95.0:99.0:99.9:99.99:99..999999:100.0
> >>
> >>
> >> Default, bitmap updates happened concurrently with I/O:
> >> bw ( KiB/s): min=18690, max=30618, per=99.94%, avg=23822.07, stdev=2522.73, samples=119
> >> iops : min= 4672, max= 7654, avg=5955.20, stdev=630.71, samples=119
> >>
> >> TIME(s) COMM PID DISK T SECTOR BYTES LAT(ms)
> >> 38.090366 md0_raid1 4800 nvme6n1 W 40 4096 0.01
> >> 38.090423 md0_raid1 4800 nvme3n1 W 40 4096 0.07
> >> 38.090442 md0_raid1 4800 nvme3n1 W 1016633184 4096 0.01
> >> 38.090439 md0_raid1 4800 nvme6n1 W 1016633184 4096 0.01
> >> 38.090479 md0_raid1 4800 nvme6n1 W 56 4096 0.01
> >> 38.090493 md0_raid1 4800 nvme6n1 W 1449894256 4096 0.01
> >> 38.090477 md0_raid1 4800 nvme3n1 W 56 4096 0.01
> >> 38.090496 md0_raid1 4800 nvme3n1 W 1449894256 4096 0.01
> >> 38.090530 md0_raid1 4800 nvme3n1 W 16 4096 0.01
> >> 38.090555 md0_raid1 4800 nvme3n1 W 110493568 4096 0.01
> >> 38.090538 md0_raid1 4800 nvme6n1 W 16 4096 0.01
> >> 38.090551 md0_raid1 4800 nvme6n1 W 110493568 4096 0.01
> >> 38.090596 md0_raid1 4800 nvme6n1 W 56 4096 0.01
> >> 38.090647 md0_raid1 4800 nvme3n1 W 56 4096 0.06
> >> 38.090666 md0_raid1 4800 nvme3n1 W 1455846976 4096 0.01
> >> 38.090663 md0_raid1 4800 nvme6n1 W 1455846976 4096 0.01
> >> 38.090707 md0_raid1 4800 nvme6n1 W 64 4096 0.01
> >> 38.090699 md0_raid1 4800 nvme3n1 W 64 4096 0.01
> >> 38.090723 md0_raid1 4800 nvme3n1 W 1665013728 4096 0.01
> >> 38.090720 md0_raid1 4800 nvme6n1 W 1665013728 4096 0.01
> >> 38.090764 md0_raid1 4800 nvme6n1 W 64 4096 0.01
> >> 38.090812 md0_raid1 4800 nvme3n1 W 64 4096 0.06
> >> 38.090832 md0_raid1 4800 nvme3n1 W 1637994296 4096 0.01
> >> 38.090828 md0_raid1 4800 nvme6n1 W 1637994296 4096 0.01
> >>
> >>
> >>
> >>
> >> With patch 1/2, bitmaps only update on the 'delay' parameter (default 5s):
> >> bw ( KiB/s): min=135712, max=230938, per=100.00%, avg=209308.56, stdev=29254.31, samples=119
> >> iops : min=33928, max=57734, avg=52326.78, stdev=7313.57, samples=119
> >>
> >> TIME(s) COMM PID DISK T SECTOR BYTES LAT(ms)
> >> 16.292235 md0_raid1 4841 nvme6n1 W 297367432 4096 0.01
> >> 16.292258 md0_raid1 4841 nvme6n1 W 16 4096 0.01
> >> 16.292266 md0_raid1 4841 nvme6n1 W 24 4096 0.01
> >> 16.292277 md0_raid1 4841 nvme6n1 W 32 4096 0.01
> >> 16.292259 md0_raid1 4841 nvme3n1 W 16 4096 0.01
> >> 16.292280 md0_raid1 4841 nvme3n1 W 32 4096 0.01
> >> 16.292305 md0_raid1 4841 nvme3n1 W 56 4096 0.01
> >> 16.292286 md0_raid1 4841 nvme6n1 W 40 4096 0.01
> >> 16.292295 md0_raid1 4841 nvme6n1 W 48 4096 0.01
> >> 16.292326 md0_raid1 4841 nvme3n1 W 72 1536 0.01
> >> 16.292323 md0_raid1 4841 nvme6n1 W 64 4096 0.02
> >> 16.292326 md0_raid1 4841 nvme6n1 W 56 4096 0.03
> >> 16.292334 md0_raid1 4841 nvme6n1 W 72 1536 0.02
> >> 16.300697 md0_raid1 4841 nvme3n1 W 1297533744 4096 0.01
> >> 16.300702 md0_raid1 4841 nvme6n1 W 1297533744 4096 0.01
> >> 16.300803 md0_raid1 4841 nvme6n1 W 1649080856 4096 0.01
> >> 16.300798 md0_raid1 4841 nvme3n1 W 1649080856 4096 0.01
> >> 16.300823 md0_raid1 4841 nvme3n1 W 1539317792 4096 0.01
> >> 16.300845 md0_raid1 4841 nvme3n1 W 1634570232 4096 0.01
> >> 16.300867 md0_raid1 4841 nvme3n1 W 579232208 4096 0.01
> >> 16.300889 md0_raid1 4841 nvme3n1 W 1818140424 4096 0.01
> >> 16.300922 md0_raid1 4841 nvme3n1 W 412971920 4096 0.02
> >> ...
> >> 21.293225 md0_raid1 4841 nvme3n1 W 1279122360 4096 0.01
> >> 21.293242 md0_raid1 4841 nvme3n1 W 40326272 4096 0.01
> >> 21.293223 md0_raid1 4841 nvme6n1 W 1279122360 4096 0.01
> >> 21.293243 md0_raid1 4841 nvme6n1 W 40326272 4096 0.01
> >> 21.293261 md0_raid1 4841 nvme6n1 W 16 4096 0.01
> >> 21.293266 md0_raid1 4841 nvme6n1 W 24 4096 0.01
> >> 21.293271 md0_raid1 4841 nvme6n1 W 32 4096 0.01
> >> 21.293275 md0_raid1 4841 nvme3n1 W 32 4096 0.01
> >> 21.293292 md0_raid1 4841 nvme3n1 W 48 4096 0.01
> >> 21.293296 md0_raid1 4841 nvme3n1 W 56 4096 0.01
> >> 21.293309 md0_raid1 4841 nvme3n1 W 72 1536 0.01
> >> 21.293266 md0_raid1 4841 nvme3n1 W 24 4096 0.01
> >> 21.293326 md0_raid1 4841 nvme6n1 W 48 4096 0.05
> >> 21.293328 md0_raid1 4841 nvme6n1 W 40 4096 0.06
> >> 21.293331 md0_raid1 4841 nvme6n1 W 72 1536 0.03
> >> 21.293333 md0_raid1 4841 nvme6n1 W 64 4096 0.04
> >> 21.293334 md0_raid1 4841 nvme6n1 W 56 4096 0.05
> >> 21.298526 md0_raid1 4841 nvme3n1 W 681973000 4096 0.01
> >>
> >>
> >>
> >>
> >> Good, but with the granularity of N seconds, it might be too infrequent.
> >> Here is chunk-flush=512 (2GB threshold in 4MB chunk size):
> >> bw ( KiB/s): min=92692, max=134904, per=100.00%, avg=125127.43, stdev=6758.51, samples=119
> >> iops : min=23173, max=33726, avg=31281.55, stdev=1689.63, samples=119
> >>
> >> TIME(s) COMM PID DISK T SECTOR BYTES LAT(ms)
> >> 13.193339 md0_raid1 5972 nvme6n1 W 16 4096 0.01
> >> 13.193344 md0_raid1 5972 nvme6n1 W 32 4096 0.01
> >> 13.193346 md0_raid1 5972 nvme6n1 W 24 4096 0.01
> >> 13.193350 md0_raid1 5972 nvme6n1 W 40 4096 0.01
> >> 13.193356 md0_raid1 5972 nvme6n1 W 48 4096 0.01
> >> 13.193361 md0_raid1 5972 nvme6n1 W 64 4096 0.01
> >> 13.193363 md0_raid1 5972 nvme6n1 W 56 4096 0.01
> >> 13.193555 md0_raid1 5972 nvme6n1 W 72 1536 0.20
> >> 13.193289 md0_raid1 5972 nvme3n1 W 1912285848 4096 0.01
> >> 13.193306 md0_raid1 5972 nvme3n1 W 836455896 4096 0.01
> >> 13.193323 md0_raid1 5972 nvme3n1 W 233728136 4096 0.01
> >> 13.193339 md0_raid1 5972 nvme3n1 W 16 4096 0.01
> >> 13.193344 md0_raid1 5972 nvme3n1 W 24 4096 0.01
> >> 13.193362 md0_raid1 5972 nvme3n1 W 48 4096 0.01
> >> 13.193365 md0_raid1 5972 nvme3n1 W 64 4096 0.01
> >> 13.193366 md0_raid1 5972 nvme3n1 W 56 4096 0.01
> >> 13.193574 md0_raid1 5972 nvme3n1 W 72 1536 0.21
> >> 13.196759 md0_raid1 5972 nvme3n1 W 89571592 4096 0.01
> >> 13.196810 md0_raid1 5972 nvme6n1 W 89571592 4096 0.06
> >> 13.196913 md0_raid1 5972 nvme6n1 W 16 4096 0.01
> >> 13.196910 md0_raid1 5972 nvme3n1 W 16 4096 0.01
> >> 13.199444 md0_raid1 5972 nvme3n1 W 64 4096 0.01
> >> 13.199447 md0_raid1 5972 nvme3n1 W 137126232 4096 0.01
> >> 13.199515 md0_raid1 5972 nvme6n1 W 137126232 4096 0.08
> >> 13.199519 md0_raid1 5972 nvme6n1 W 64 4096 0.08
> >> 13.199617 md0_raid1 5972 nvme6n1 W 1216062808 4096 0.01
> >> ... (508 ios later)
> >> 13.208764 md0_raid1 5972 nvme6n1 W 16 4096 0.01
> >> 13.208768 md0_raid1 5972 nvme6n1 W 32 4096 0.01
> >> 13.208770 md0_raid1 5972 nvme6n1 W 24 4096 0.01
> >> 13.208775 md0_raid1 5972 nvme6n1 W 40 4096 0.01
> >> 13.208781 md0_raid1 5972 nvme6n1 W 48 4096 0.01
> >> 13.208786 md0_raid1 5972 nvme6n1 W 56 4096 0.01
> >> 13.208790 md0_raid1 5972 nvme6n1 W 64 4096 0.01
> >> 13.208729 md0_raid1 5972 nvme3n1 W 1607847808 4096 0.01
> >> 13.208747 md0_raid1 5972 nvme3n1 W 371214368 4096 0.01
> >> 13.208770 md0_raid1 5972 nvme3n1 W 32 4096 0.01
> >> 13.208789 md0_raid1 5972 nvme3n1 W 64 4096 0.01
> >> 13.208952 md0_raid1 5972 nvme6n1 W 72 1536 0.17
> >> 13.209079 md0_raid1 5972 nvme3n1 W 72 1536 0.29
> >> 13.212216 md0_raid1 5972 nvme3n1 W 1146106480 4096 0.01
> >> 13.212269 md0_raid1 5972 nvme6n1 W 1146106480 4096 0.06
> >> 13.212368 md0_raid1 5972 nvme6n1 W 16 4096 0.01
> >> 13.212365 md0_raid1 5972 nvme3n1 W 16 4096 0.01
> >>
> >>
> >> Without 1/2: 6k iops
> >> With 1/2: 52k iops
> >> With 2/2 params as above: 31k iops
> >>
> >> The count calculation could use some improvement to close the iops gap to delay-based flushing
> >>
> >>>>
> >>>> /* notes:
> >>>> diff --git a/drivers/md/md.h b/drivers/md/md.h
> >>>> index b4e2d8b87b61..d25574e46283 100644
> >>>> --- a/drivers/md/md.h
> >>>> +++ b/drivers/md/md.h
> >>>> @@ -497,6 +497,7 @@ struct mddev {
> >>>> struct mutex mutex;
> >>>> unsigned long chunksize;
> >>>> unsigned long daemon_sleep; /* how many jiffies between updates? */
> >>>> + unsigned int daemon_flush_chunks; /* how many dirty chunks between updates */
> >>>> unsigned long max_write_behind; /* write-behind mode */
> >>>> int external;
> >>>> int nodes; /* Maximum number of nodes in the cluster */
> >>>> --
> >>>> 2.31.1
> >>>>
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