Date:   Wed, 30 Nov 2022 12:49:24 +0800
From:   Feng Tang <feng.tang@...el.com>
To:     "Paul E. McKenney" <paulmck@...nel.org>
CC:     Thomas Gleixner <tglx@...utronix.de>,
        <linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org>, <john.stultz@...aro.org>,
        <sboyd@...nel.org>, <corbet@....net>, <Mark.Rutland@....com>,
        <maz@...nel.org>, <kernel-team@...a.com>, <neeraju@...eaurora.org>,
        <ak@...ux.intel.com>, <zhengjun.xing@...el.com>,
        Chris Mason <clm@...a.com>, John Stultz <jstultz@...gle.com>,
        Waiman Long <longman@...hat.com>
Subject: Re: [PATCH clocksource 1/3] clocksource: Reject bogus watchdog
 clocksource measurements

On Tue, Nov 29, 2022 at 08:12:06PM -0800, Paul E. McKenney wrote:
> On Wed, Nov 30, 2022 at 09:38:00AM +0800, Feng Tang wrote:
> > On Tue, Nov 29, 2022 at 11:29:15AM -0800, Paul E. McKenney wrote:
> > [...]
> > > > > > IIUC, this will make TSC to watchdog HPET every 500 ms. We have got
> > > > > > report that the 500ms watchdog timer had big impact on some parallel
> > > > > > workload on big servers, that was another factor for us to seek
> > > > > > stopping the timer.
> > > > > 
> > > > > Another approach would be to slow it down.  Given the tighter bounds
> > > > > on skew, it could be done every (say) 10 seconds while allowing
> > > > > 2 milliseconds skew instead of the current 100 microseconds.
> > > > 
> > > > Yes, this can reduce the OS noise much. One problem is if we make it
> > > > a general interface, there is some clocksource whose warp time is
> > > > less than 10 seconds, like ACPI PM_TIMER (3-4 seconds), and I don't
> > > > know if other ARCHs have similar cases.
> > > 
> > > Maybe a simpler approach is for systems with such high sensitivity to
> > > OS noise to simply disable the clocksource watchdog.  ;-)
> > 
> > That's what the reported did, test with and without "tsc=reliable"
> > parameter :)
> > 
> > And AFAIK, many customers with big server farms hate to add more
> > cmdline parameters when we suggested so.
> 
> It can be surprisingly hard.  It is sometimes easier to patch the kernel
> to change the default. 

Indeed, sometimes we were askd to provide patch than cmdline parameters :)

> Part of the problem is getting the right set
> of command-line parameters associated with the right versions of the
> kernel in the not-uncommon case where different portions of the server
> farm are running different versions of the kernel.
> 
> > > > > > Is this about the concern of possible TSC frequency calibration
> > > > > > issue, as the 40 ms per second drift between HPET and TSC? With 
> > > > > > b50db7095fe0 backported, we also have another patch to force TSC
> > > > > > calibration for those platforms which get the TSC freq directly
> > > > > > from CPUID or MSR and don't have such info in dmesg:
> > > > > >  "tsc: Refined TSC clocksource calibration: 2693.509 MHz" 
> > > > > > 
> > > > > > https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/20220509144110.9242-1-feng.tang@intel.com/
> > > > > > 
> > > > > > We did met tsc calibration issue due to some firmware issue, and
> > > > > > this can help to catch it. You can try it if you think it's relevant.
> > > > > 
> > > > > I am giving this a go, thank you!
> > > > 
> > > > Thanks for spending time testing it!
> > > 
> > > And here are the results from setting tsc_force_recalibrate to 1:
> > > 
> > > $ dmesg | grep -E 'calibrat|clocksource'
> > > [    5.272939] clocksource: refined-jiffies: mask: 0xffffffff max_cycles: 0xffffffff, max_idle_ns: 1910969940391419 ns
> > > [   16.830644] clocksource: hpet: mask: 0xffffffff max_cycles: 0xffffffff, max_idle_ns: 76450417870 ns
> > > [   17.938020] clocksource: tsc-early: mask: 0xffffffffffffffff max_cycles: 0x36a8d32ce31, max_idle_ns: 881590731004 ns
> > > [   24.548583] clocksource: jiffies: mask: 0xffffffff max_cycles: 0xffffffff, max_idle_ns: 1911260446275000 ns
> > > [   49.762432] clocksource: Switched to clocksource tsc-early
> > > [   50.076769] clocksource: acpi_pm: mask: 0xffffff max_cycles: 0xffffff, max_idle_ns: 2085701024 ns
> > > [   55.615946] clocksource: tsc: mask: 0xffffffffffffffff max_cycles: 0x36a8d32ce31, max_idle_ns: 881590731004 ns
> > > [   55.640270] clocksource: Switched to clocksource tsc
> > > [   56.694371] tsc: Warning: TSC freq calibrated by CPUID/MSR differs from what is calibrated by HW timer, please check with vendor!!
> > > [   56.724550] tsc: Previous calibrated TSC freq:        1896.000 MHz
> > > [   56.737646] tsc: TSC freq recalibrated by [HPET]:     1975.000 MHz
> > 
> > Looks like there is really something wrong here. I assume the first
> > number '1896 MHz' is got from CPUID(0x15)'s math calculation.
> 
> How about this from earlier in that same console?
> 
> [    0.000000] efi: EFI v2.80 by American Megatrends
> [    0.000000] efi: ACPI=0x6f569000 ACPI 2.0=0x6f569014 TPMFinalLog=0x6f56b000 SMBIOS=0x753e1000 SMBIOS 3.0=0x753e0000 MEMATTR=0x62176018 ESRT=0x64bd1018 TPMEventLog=0x58737018
> [    0.000000] [Firmware Bug]: TPM Final Events table missing or invalid
> [    0.000000] SMBIOS 3.5.0 present.
> [    0.000000] DMI: Quanta Grand Teton 1F0TUBZ0007/Grand Teton MB, BIOS F0T_1A15 08/25/2022
> [    0.000000] tsc: Detected 1900.000 MHz processor
> [    0.000000] tsc: Detected 1896.000 MHz TSC

I'm still not sure, but it's likely from CPUID(0x15). I met cases
that even severs of same generations get their tsc frequence from
different sources.

I locally have debug patch to check it:

diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/tsc.c b/arch/x86/kernel/tsc.c
index cafacb2e58cc..82ddb4b0529a 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/tsc.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/tsc.c
@@ -654,8 +654,11 @@ unsigned long native_calibrate_tsc(void)
 	 * frequency and is the most accurate one so far we have. This
 	 * is considered a known frequency.
 	 */
-	if (crystal_khz != 0)
+	if (crystal_khz != 0) {
+		printk("tsc: using CPUID[0x15] crystal_khz= %d kHz ebx=%d eax=%d\n",
+		crystal_khz, ebx_numerator, eax_denominator);
 		setup_force_cpu_cap(X86_FEATURE_TSC_KNOWN_FREQ);
+	}
 
 	/*
 	 * Some Intel SoCs like Skylake and Kabylake don't report the crystal
@@ -668,6 +671,7 @@ unsigned long native_calibrate_tsc(void)
 		cpuid(0x16, &eax_base_mhz, &ebx, &ecx, &edx);
 		crystal_khz = eax_base_mhz * 1000 *
 			eax_denominator / ebx_numerator;
+		printk("tsc: using CPUID[0x16] base_khz=%d kHz\n", crystal_khz);
 	}
 
 	if (crystal_khz == 0)

This remind me that maybe we can add a line in dmesg telling people
which exact soure that the TSC frequency comes from (CPUID, MSR or
calibration from HW timers like HPET/PM_TIMER).

> > I thinks 2 more things could be try:
> > 
> > * add "nohpet" to the cmdline, so the tsc_force_recalibrate should use
> >   ACPI PM_TIMER to do the calibration, say a third-party check.
> 
> OK, getting things teed up for TSC recalibration and nohpet.
> 
> > * If the system don't have auto-adjusted time setting like NTP, I
> >   guess the system time will have obvious drift comparing to a normal
> >   clock or a mobile phone time, as the deviation is about 4%, which
> >   is 2.4 minutes per hour.
> 
> No ntpd, but there is a chronyd.
> 
> I will let you know what happens with HPET disabled and TSC recalibration
> enabled.

Thanks!

- Feng

> 							Thanx, Paul

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