linux-kernel - [PATCH bpf-next 2/2] bpf/docs: Document struct cgroup * kfuncs

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Date:   Fri,  2 Dec 2022 16:07:36 -0600
From:   David Vernet <void@...ifault.com>
To:     bpf@...r.kernel.org
Cc:     ast@...nel.org, daniel@...earbox.net, andrii@...nel.org,
        martin.lau@...ux.dev, song@...nel.org, yhs@...a.com,
        john.fastabend@...il.com, kpsingh@...nel.org, sdf@...gle.com,
        haoluo@...gle.com, jolsa@...nel.org, linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org,
        kernel-team@...a.com
Subject: [PATCH bpf-next 2/2] bpf/docs: Document struct cgroup * kfuncs

bpf_cgroup_acquire(), bpf_cgroup_release(), bpf_cgroup_kptr_get(), and
bpf_cgroup_ancestor(), are kfuncs that were recnetly added to
kernel/bpf/helpers.c. These are "core" kfuncs in that they're available
for use in any tracepoint or struct_ops BPF program. Though they have no
ABI stability guarantees, we should still document them. This patch adds
a struct cgroup * subsection to the Core kfuncs section which describes
each of these kfuncs.

Signed-off-by: David Vernet <void@...ifault.com>
---
 Documentation/bpf/kfuncs.rst | 49 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 kernel/bpf/helpers.c         |  2 +-
 2 files changed, 50 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/Documentation/bpf/kfuncs.rst b/Documentation/bpf/kfuncs.rst
index b0c35ad6fad4..fd2c8c3b2d52 100644
--- a/Documentation/bpf/kfuncs.rst
+++ b/Documentation/bpf/kfuncs.rst
@@ -361,3 +361,52 @@ Here is an example of it being used:
 		bpf_task_release(lookup);
 		return 0;
 	}
+
+3.2 struct cgroup * kfuncs
+--------------------------
+
+``struct cgroup *`` objects also have acquire, release, and kptr_get functions:
+
+.. kernel-doc:: kernel/bpf/helpers.c
+   :identifiers: bpf_cgroup_acquire bpf_cgroup_release
+
+.. kernel-doc:: kernel/bpf/helpers.c
+   :identifiers: bpf_cgroup_kptr_get
+
+These kfuncs are used in exactly the same manner as bpf_task_acquire(),
+bpf_task_release(), and bpf_task_kptr_get() respectively, so we won't provide
+examples for them.
+
+Another kfunc available for interacting with ``struct cgroup *`` objects is
+bpf_cgroup_ancestor(). This allows callers to access the ancestor of a cgroup,
+and return it as a cgroup kptr.
+
+.. kernel-doc:: kernel/bpf/helpers.c
+   :identifiers: bpf_cgroup_ancestor
+
+Eventually, BPF should be updated to allow this to happen with a normal memory
+load in the program itself. This is currently not possible without more work in
+the verifier. bpf_cgroup_ancestor() can be used as follows:
+
+.. code-block:: c
+
+	/**
+	 * Simple tracepoint example that illustrates how a cgroup's
+	 * ancestor can be accessed using bpf_cgroup_ancestor().
+	 */
+	SEC("tp_btf/cgroup_mkdir")
+	int BPF_PROG(cgrp_ancestor_example, struct cgroup *cgrp, const char *path)
+	{
+		struct cgroup *parent;
+
+		/* The parent cgroup resides at the level before the current cgroup's level. */
+		parent = bpf_cgroup_ancestor(cgrp, cgrp->level - 1);
+		if (!parent)
+			return -ENOENT;
+
+		bpf_printk("Parent id is %d", parent->self.id);
+
+		/* Return the parent cgroup that was acquired above. */
+		bpf_cgroup_release(parent);
+		return 0;
+	}
diff --git a/kernel/bpf/helpers.c b/kernel/bpf/helpers.c
index 004afbc14bbf..2a07d216c8f3 100644
--- a/kernel/bpf/helpers.c
+++ b/kernel/bpf/helpers.c
@@ -1927,7 +1927,7 @@ struct cgroup *bpf_cgroup_kptr_get(struct cgroup **cgrpp)
 }
 
 /**
- * bpf_cgroup_release - Release the reference acquired on a struct cgroup *.
+ * bpf_cgroup_release - Release the reference acquired on a struct cgroup kptr.
  * If this kfunc is invoked in an RCU read region, the cgroup is guaranteed to
  * not be freed until the current grace period has ended, even if its refcount
  * drops to 0.
-- 
2.38.1