linux-kernel - [PATCH] kvm/vfio: Fix potential deadlock on vfio group

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Date:   Fri, 20 Jan 2023 07:05:28 -0800
From:   Yi Liu <yi.l.liu@...el.com>
To:     alex.williamson@...hat.com, pbonzini@...hat.com,
        mjrosato@...ux.ibm.com
Cc:     yi.l.liu@...el.com, jgg@...dia.com, kevin.tian@...el.com,
        cohuck@...hat.com, farman@...ux.ibm.com, pmorel@...ux.ibm.com,
        borntraeger@...ux.ibm.com, frankja@...ux.ibm.com,
        imbrenda@...ux.ibm.com, david@...hat.com, akrowiak@...ux.ibm.com,
        jjherne@...ux.ibm.com, pasic@...ux.ibm.com,
        zhenyuw@...ux.intel.com, zhi.a.wang@...el.com, seanjc@...gle.com,
        linux-s390@...r.kernel.org, kvm@...r.kernel.org,
        intel-gvt-dev@...ts.freedesktop.org,
        intel-gfx@...ts.freedesktop.org, linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org
Subject: [PATCH] kvm/vfio: Fix potential deadlock on vfio group_lock

Currently it is possible that the final put of a KVM reference comes from
vfio during its device close operation.  This occurs while the vfio group
lock is held; however, if the vfio device is still in the kvm device list,
then the following call chain could result in a deadlock:

VFIO holds group->group_lock/group_rwsem
  -> kvm_put_kvm
   -> kvm_destroy_vm
    -> kvm_destroy_devices
     -> kvm_vfio_destroy
      -> kvm_vfio_file_set_kvm
       -> vfio_file_set_kvm
        -> try to hold group->group_lock/group_rwsem

The key function is the kvm_destroy_devices() which triggers destroy cb
of kvm_device_ops. It calls back to vfio and try to hold group_lock. So
if this path doesn't call back to vfio, this dead lock would be fixed.
Actually, there is a way for it. KVM provides another point to free the
kvm-vfio device which is the point when the device file descriptor is
closed. This can be achieved by providing the release cb instead of the
destroy cb. Also rename kvm_vfio_destroy() to be kvm_vfio_release().

	/*
	 * Destroy is responsible for freeing dev.
	 *
	 * Destroy may be called before or after destructors are called
	 * on emulated I/O regions, depending on whether a reference is
	 * held by a vcpu or other kvm component that gets destroyed
	 * after the emulated I/O.
	 */
	void (*destroy)(struct kvm_device *dev);

	/*
	 * Release is an alternative method to free the device. It is
	 * called when the device file descriptor is closed. Once
	 * release is called, the destroy method will not be called
	 * anymore as the device is removed from the device list of
	 * the VM. kvm->lock is held.
	 */
	void (*release)(struct kvm_device *dev);

Fixes: 421cfe6596f6 ("vfio: remove VFIO_GROUP_NOTIFY_SET_KVM")
Reported-by: Alex Williamson <alex.williamson@...hat.com>
Suggested-by: Kevin Tian <kevin.tian@...el.com>
Reviewed-by: Jason Gunthorpe <jgg@...dia.com>
Signed-off-by: Yi Liu <yi.l.liu@...el.com>
---
 virt/kvm/vfio.c | 4 ++--
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/virt/kvm/vfio.c b/virt/kvm/vfio.c
index 495ceabffe88..e94f3ea718e5 100644
--- a/virt/kvm/vfio.c
+++ b/virt/kvm/vfio.c
@@ -336,7 +336,7 @@ static int kvm_vfio_has_attr(struct kvm_device *dev,
 	return -ENXIO;
 }
 
-static void kvm_vfio_destroy(struct kvm_device *dev)
+static void kvm_vfio_release(struct kvm_device *dev)
 {
 	struct kvm_vfio *kv = dev->private;
 	struct kvm_vfio_group *kvg, *tmp;
@@ -363,7 +363,7 @@ static int kvm_vfio_create(struct kvm_device *dev, u32 type);
 static struct kvm_device_ops kvm_vfio_ops = {
 	.name = "kvm-vfio",
 	.create = kvm_vfio_create,
-	.destroy = kvm_vfio_destroy,
+	.release = kvm_vfio_release,
 	.set_attr = kvm_vfio_set_attr,
 	.has_attr = kvm_vfio_has_attr,
 };
-- 
2.34.1