linux-kernel - [PATCH AUTOSEL 6.2 22/53] bpf, docs: Fix modulo zero, division by zero, overflow, and underflow

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Date:   Sun, 26 Feb 2023 09:44:14 -0500
From:   Sasha Levin <sashal@...nel.org>
To:     linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org, stable@...r.kernel.org
Cc:     Dave Thaler <dthaler@...rosoft.com>,
        Daniel Borkmann <daniel@...earbox.net>,
        Sasha Levin <sashal@...nel.org>, ast@...nel.org,
        andrii@...nel.org, corbet@....net, bpf@...r.kernel.org,
        bpf@...f.org, linux-doc@...r.kernel.org
Subject: [PATCH AUTOSEL 6.2 22/53] bpf, docs: Fix modulo zero, division by zero, overflow, and underflow

From: Dave Thaler <dthaler@...rosoft.com>

[ Upstream commit 0eb9d19e2201068260e439a5c96dc85f9f3722a2 ]

Fix modulo zero, division by zero, overflow, and underflow. Also clarify how
a negative immediate value is used in unsigned division.

Signed-off-by: Dave Thaler <dthaler@...rosoft.com>
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@...earbox.net>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20230124001218.827-1-dthaler1968@googlemail.com
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@...nel.org>
---
 Documentation/bpf/instruction-set.rst | 16 ++++++++++++++--
 1 file changed, 14 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/Documentation/bpf/instruction-set.rst b/Documentation/bpf/instruction-set.rst
index e672d5ec6cc7b..2d3fe59bd260f 100644
--- a/Documentation/bpf/instruction-set.rst
+++ b/Documentation/bpf/instruction-set.rst
@@ -99,19 +99,26 @@ code      value  description
 BPF_ADD   0x00   dst += src
 BPF_SUB   0x10   dst -= src
 BPF_MUL   0x20   dst \*= src
-BPF_DIV   0x30   dst /= src
+BPF_DIV   0x30   dst = (src != 0) ? (dst / src) : 0
 BPF_OR    0x40   dst \|= src
 BPF_AND   0x50   dst &= src
 BPF_LSH   0x60   dst <<= src
 BPF_RSH   0x70   dst >>= src
 BPF_NEG   0x80   dst = ~src
-BPF_MOD   0x90   dst %= src
+BPF_MOD   0x90   dst = (src != 0) ? (dst % src) : dst
 BPF_XOR   0xa0   dst ^= src
 BPF_MOV   0xb0   dst = src
 BPF_ARSH  0xc0   sign extending shift right
 BPF_END   0xd0   byte swap operations (see `Byte swap instructions`_ below)
 ========  =====  ==========================================================
 
+Underflow and overflow are allowed during arithmetic operations, meaning
+the 64-bit or 32-bit value will wrap. If eBPF program execution would
+result in division by zero, the destination register is instead set to zero.
+If execution would result in modulo by zero, for ``BPF_ALU64`` the value of
+the destination register is unchanged whereas for ``BPF_ALU`` the upper
+32 bits of the destination register are zeroed.
+
 ``BPF_ADD | BPF_X | BPF_ALU`` means::
 
   dst_reg = (u32) dst_reg + (u32) src_reg;
@@ -128,6 +135,11 @@ BPF_END   0xd0   byte swap operations (see `Byte swap instructions`_ below)
 
   dst_reg = dst_reg ^ imm32
 
+Also note that the division and modulo operations are unsigned. Thus, for
+``BPF_ALU``, 'imm' is first interpreted as an unsigned 32-bit value, whereas
+for ``BPF_ALU64``, 'imm' is first sign extended to 64 bits and the result
+interpreted as an unsigned 64-bit value. There are no instructions for
+signed division or modulo.
 
 Byte swap instructions
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-- 
2.39.0